Chemistry: The Central Science (13th Edition)

13th Edition

ISBN: 9780321910417

Author: Theodore E. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Bruce E. Bursten, Catherine Murphy, Patrick Woodward, Matthew E. Stoltzfus

Publisher: PEARSON

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Chapter 13, Problem 109IE

A textbook on chemical thermodynamics states, “The heat of solution represents the difference between the lattice energy of the crystalline solid and the solvation energy of the gaseous ions.” (a) Draw a simple energy diagram to illustrate this statement. (b) A salt such as NaBr is insoluble in most polar nonaqueous solvents such as acetonitrile (CH₃CN) or nitromethane (CH₃NO₂), but salts of large cations, such as tetramethylammonium bromide [(CH₃)₄NBr], are generally more soluble. Use the thermochemical cycle you drew in part (a) and the factors that determine the lattice energy (Section 8.2) to explain this fact.

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Chapter 13, Problem 108IE

Chapter 13, Problem 110IE

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Chapter 13 Solutions

Chemistry: The Central Science (13th Edition)

Ch. 13.3 - The labels have fallen off three bottles...Ch. 13.3 - Explain how a redox reaction involves electrons in...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 13.2.1PE Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 13.2.2PE Ch. 13.4 - 4.11 Which data set, of the two graphed here,...Ch. 13.4 - You are titrating an acidic solution with a basic...Ch. 13.4 - State whether each of the following statements is...Ch. 13.4 - State whether each of the following statements is...Ch. 13.4 - 4.15 We have learned in this chapter that many...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 13.5.2PE

Ch. 13.4 - 4.17 Specify what ions are present in solution...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 13.6.2PE Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 13.7.1PE Ch. 13.5 - Acetone. CH3COCH3, is a nonelectrolyte;...Ch. 13.5 - 4.21 Using solubility guidelines, predict whether...Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 13.8.2PE Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 13.9.1PE Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 13.9.2PE Ch. 13.5 - 4 3 Use the molecular representations shown here...Ch. 13.5 - The concept of chemical equilibrium is very...Ch. 13.5 - 4 5 You are presented with a white solid and told...Ch. 13.5 - Which of the following ions will always be a...Ch. 13 - Which element is oxidized, and which is reduced in...Ch. 13 - Which of the following are redox reactions? For...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2E Ch. 13 - Prob. 3E Ch. 13 - Prob. 4E Ch. 13 - Prob. 5E Ch. 13 - The solubility of Xe in water at 1 atm pressure...Ch. 13 - The coinage metals (Group 1B) copper, silver, and...Ch. 13 - Prob. 8E Ch. 13 - The contents of the closed box in each of the...Ch. 13 - An aqueous solution of an unknown solute is tested...Ch. 13 - 4.42 Because the oxide ion is basic, metal oxides...Ch. 13 - Prob. 12E Ch. 13 - 4.44 As K20 dissolves in water, the oxide ion...Ch. 13 - True or false: If a substance is oxidized, it is...Ch. 13 - Prob. 15E Ch. 13 - Which region of the periodic table shown here...Ch. 13 - Determine the oxidation number of sulfur in each...Ch. 13 - Determine the oxidation number for the indicated...Ch. 13 - Determine the oxidation number for the indicated...Ch. 13 - Write balanced molecular and net ionic equations...Ch. 13 - Using the activity series (Table 4.5), write...Ch. 13 - The enthalpy of solution of KBr in water is about...Ch. 13 - Prob. 23E Ch. 13 - 4.58 The following reactions (note that the...Ch. 13 - Is the concentration of a solution an intensive or...Ch. 13 - Prob. 26E Ch. 13 - Calculate the molarity of a solution that contains...Ch. 13 - 4.62 Calculate the molarity of a solution made by...Ch. 13 - Prob. 29E Ch. 13 - 4.66 The average adult male has a total blood...Ch. 13 - 4.67 How many grams of ethanol, CH2CH2OH should...Ch. 13 - Prob. 32E Ch. 13 - Which will have the highest concentration of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 34E Ch. 13 - Prob. 35E Ch. 13 - 13.36 Explain why pressure substantially affects...Ch. 13 - Prob. 37E Ch. 13 - Prob. 38E Ch. 13 - Prob. 39E Ch. 13 - Prob. 40E Ch. 13 - Prob. 41E Ch. 13 - Prob. 42E Ch. 13 - Prob. 43E Ch. 13 - Prob. 44E Ch. 13 - Some sulfuric acid is spilled on a lab bench You...Ch. 13 - 4.84 The distinctive odor of vinegar is due to...Ch. 13 - A 4.36-g sample of an unknown alkali metal...Ch. 13 - 4.86 An 8.65-g sample of an unknown group 2A...Ch. 13 - A solution of 100.0 mL of 0.200 M KOH is mixed...Ch. 13 - A 1.248-9 sample of limestone rock is pulverized...Ch. 13 - 4.91 Uranium hexafluoride, UF6, is processed to...Ch. 13 - The accompanying photo shows the reaction between...Ch. 13 - Prob. 53E Ch. 13 - 4.94 You choose to investigate some of the...Ch. 13 - 4 95 Antacids are often used to relieve pain and...Ch. 13 - 4 96 The commercial production of nitric acid...Ch. 13 - Consider the following reagents: zinc, copper,...Ch. 13 - 98 Bronze is a solid solution of Cu(s) and Sn(s);...Ch. 13 - Prob. 59E Ch. 13 - Tartaric acid. H2C4H4O6, has two acidic hydrogens....Ch. 13 - Prob. 61E Ch. 13 - A solid sample of Zn(OH)2 is added to 0.350 L of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 63E Ch. 13 - Prob. 64E Ch. 13 - Prob. 65E Ch. 13 - A fertilizer railroad car carrying 34,300 gallons...Ch. 13 - Prob. 67E Ch. 13 - Prob. 68E Ch. 13 - Prob. 69E Ch. 13 - Prob. 70E Ch. 13 - 4.115 Federal regulations set an upper limit of...Ch. 13 - A mixture of gases A2 and B2 are introduced to a...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 2 Calculate the change in the...Ch. 13 - A solid sample of Zn(OH)2 is added to 0.350 L of...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 2 Calculate the work, in J, if...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 1 A chemical reaction that gives...Ch. 13 - Prob. 77E Ch. 13 - Prob. 78E Ch. 13 - Prob. 79E Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 1 When 0.243 g of Mg metal is...Ch. 13 - Practical exercise 2 When 50.0 mL of 0.100MAgNO3...Ch. 13 - Prob. 82E Ch. 13 - Prob. 83E Ch. 13 - Prob. 84E Ch. 13 - Prob. 85E Ch. 13 - Calculate H for the reaction C(s)+...Ch. 13 - Prob. 87E Ch. 13 - Prob. 88E Ch. 13 - Prob. 89E Ch. 13 - Prob. 90E Ch. 13 - Prob. 91AE Ch. 13 - Prob. 92AE Ch. 13 - Use the average bond enthalpies in Table 5.4 to...Ch. 13 - Prob. 94AE Ch. 13 - Prob. 95AE Ch. 13 - One of the important ideas of thermodynamics is...Ch. 13 - Two positively charged spheres, each with a charge...Ch. 13 - SI The accompanying photo shows a pipevine...Ch. 13 - Consider the accompanying energy diagram. Does...Ch. 13 - Write balanced net ionic equations for the...Ch. 13 - 4.27 Separate samples of a solution of an unknown...Ch. 13 - Prob. 102AE Ch. 13 - Prob. 103AE Ch. 13 - Prob. 104AE Ch. 13 - Prob. 105AE Ch. 13 - Prob. 106IE Ch. 13 - State whether each of the following statements is...Ch. 13 - State whether each of the following statements is...Ch. 13 - A textbook on chemical thermodynamics states, “The...Ch. 13 - Prob. 110IE Ch. 13 - Prob. 111IE Ch. 13 - Complete and balance the following molecular...Ch. 13 - [13.113]At 35°C the vapor pressure of acetone,...Ch. 13 - Write balanced molecular and net ionic equations...

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