Chapter 12.2, Problem 4RQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electronic configuration and formula of ionic compound formed by pair of atom is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Electronic configuration represents the placement of electrons in various shells, subshells and orbitals of a particular atom.

Answer to Problem 4RQ

Electronic configuration of calcium is:

  $\left[Ar\right]4s^2$

Electronic configuration of chlorine is:

  $\left[Ne\right]3s^{2}3p^5$

Formula of ionic compound: $CaC{l}_2$

Explanation of Solution

Calcium has two electrons in valence shell and hence it has tendency to loss two electrons where Chlorine has seven electrons in valence shell and hence it has tendency to gain one electron. Therefore one atom of calcium forms ionic bond with two atoms of chlorine and the chemical formula of calcium chloride is $CaC{l}_2$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electronic configuration and formula of ionic compound formed by pair of atom is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Electronic configuration represents the placement of electrons in various shells, subshells and orbitals of a particular atom.

Answer to Problem 4RQ

Electronic configuration of aluminium is:

  $\left[Ne\right]3s^{2}3p^1$

Electronic configuration of oxygen is:

  $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^4$

Formula of ionic compound: $A{l}_2{O}_3$

Explanation of Solution

Aluminium has three electrons in valence shell and hence it has tendency to loss three electrons where oxygen has six electrons in valence shell and hence it has tendency to gain two electrons. Therefore two atom of aluminium will form ionic bond with three atoms of oxygen and the chemical formula is $A{l}_2{O}_3$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electronic configuration and formula of ionic compound formed by pair of atom is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Electronic configuration represents the placement of electrons in various shells, subshells and orbitals of a particular atom.

Answer to Problem 4RQ

Electronic configuration of sodium is:

  $\left[Ne\right]3s^1$

Electronic configuration of sulphur is:

  $\left[Ne\right]3s^{2}3p^4$

Formula of ionic compound: $N{a}_{2}S$

Explanation of Solution

Sodium has one electron in valence shell and hence it has tendency to loss one electron where sulphur has six electrons in valence shell and hence it has tendency to gain two electrons. Therefore two atoms of sodium will form ionic bond with one atom of sulphur and the chemical formula is $N{a}_{2}S$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electronic configuration and formula of ionic compound formed by pair of atom is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Electronic configuration represents the placement of electrons in various shells, subshells and orbitals of a particular atom.

Answer to Problem 4RQ

Electronic configuration of lithium is:

  $1s^{2}2s^1$

Electronic configuration of fluorine is:

  $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^5$

Formula of ionic compound: $NaF$

Explanation of Solution

Lithium has one electron in valence shell and hence it has tendency to loss one electron where fluorine has seven electrons in valence shell and hence it has tendency to gain one electron. Therefore one atom of lithium forms ionic bond with one atom of fluorine and the chemical formula is $NaF$