Chapter 12, Problem 2A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The elements which react to form ionic compounds are to be written.

Concept introduction:

Ionic bonds are formed when there is complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another forming the bonds.

Answer to Problem 2A

One metal and one non-metal react to form ionic bond.

Formula of ionic compound: $CaC{l}_2$

Calcium loses two electrons as:

  $Ca\to C{a}^{2+}+2e^{-}$

Chlorine gains one electron as:

  $Cl+e^{-}\to C{l}^{-}$

Therefore one atom of calcium forms ionic bond with two atoms of chlorine

Explanation of Solution

Electronic configuration of calcium is:

  $\left[Ar\right]4s^2$

Electronic configuration of chlorine is:

  $\left[Ne\right]3s^{2}3p^5$

Calcium has two electrons in valence shell and hence it has tendency to loss two electrons where Chlorine has seven electrons in valence shell and hence it has tendency to gain one electron. Therefore one atom of calcium forms ionic bond with two atoms of chlorine and the chemical formula of calcium chloride is $CaC{l}_2$

Conclusion

Thus, for forming an ionic compound one element should donate electrons and other should accept electrons.