Chapter 12, Problem 4A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The type of bonding in $C{l}_2$ is to be described and compared from $HCl$ .

Concept introduction:

Covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between the atoms forming the bonds.

It is of two types:

Polar covalent bond

Non-polar covalent bond

Answer to Problem 4A

In both $C{l}_2$ and $HCl$ , there is covalent bonding. But in $C{l}_2$ there is non-polar covalent bond and in $HCl$ there is polar covalent bond

Explanation of Solution

The bond formed in $C{l}_2$ is pure covalent bond and bond formed in $HCl$ is polar covalent bond.

The bond formed in $C{l}_2$ is non-polar because bond is in between two same atoms and in $HCl$ it is polar because there is electronegativity difference between the atoms forming the bond due to which atoms gets polarity.

More electronegative atom acquires partially negative charge and less electronegative atom acquires partial positive charge.

Conclusion

Thus similarity is both having covalent bond but difference is chlorine has pure covalent bond and $HCl$ has polar covalent bond.