(a) Interpretation: The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1 ° and 2 ° carbons should be drawn. Concept Introduction: Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula C n H 2 n + 2 . In organic chemistry , carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons. Primary carbon ( 1 ° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain. Secondary carbon ( 2 ° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms. Tertiary carbon ( 3 ° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms. Quaternary carbon ( 4 ° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms. Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

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Draw a Lewis structure for each of the following molecules and assign charges where appropriate. The order in which the atoms are connected is given in parentheses. a. CIFCIF b. BrCNBrCN 0 c. SOCI2 × (CISCIO) SOC₁₂ (CISCI) You can draw both an octet and a valence shell expanded structure. Considering the following structural information, which is the better one: The measured S-OS-O bond length in SOC12SOCl2 is 1.43 Å. For comparison, that in SO2SO2 is 1.43 Å [Exercise 1-9, part (b)], that in CHзSOHCH3 SOH d. CH3NH2CH3NH2 (methanesulfenic acid) is 1.66 A. e. CH3OCH3 CH3 OCH3 NH2 f. N2H2× (HNNH) N2 H2 (HNNH) g. CH2COCH₂ CO h. HN3× (HNNN) HN3 (HNNN) i. N20 × (NNO) N2O (NNO)

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 6

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 7

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 12

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 12.1 - How many hydrogen atoms are present in each...Ch. 12.1 - Which formulas represent acyclic alkanes and which...Ch. 12.2 - Are the compounds in each pair constitutional...Ch. 12.2 - Draw two isomers with molecular formula C6H14 that...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.3P Ch. 12.2 - Classify the carbon atoms in each compound as 1°,...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.4P Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.5P Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.6P Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.7P

Solution Summary: The author explains the condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons.

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