
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
An efficient synthesis that can be used to achieve each of the following transformations is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The product molecule has one more carbon atom than the starting material. For the generation of tertiary alcohol from secondary alcohol, there must be oxidation of alcohol to the carbonyl group, after which, there must be an addition of a methyl fragment, preferably using a Grignard reagent. This after hydrolysis can yield the desired tertiary alcohol.
(b)
Interpretation:
An efficient synthesis that can be used to achieve each of the following transformations is to be determined.
Concept introduction: The final product has one more carbon atom than the starting material. This can be facilitated by the addition of a methyl group, preferably using a Grignard reagent after conversion of
(c)
Interpretation:
The efficient synthesis that can be used to achieve the following transformation is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The final product contains two additional carbon atoms, so the synthesis requires a carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction. To facilitate this, the desired product should be produced by oxidizing the generated alcohol using the proper Grignard reagent.
(d)
Interpretation:
The efficient synthesis that can be used to achieve each of the following transformations is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The target molecule contains one additional carbon atom, so the synthesis must have a carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction. This can be achieved by using a Grignard reagent followed by an elimination reaction which can yield the desired unsaturated product.
(e)
Interpretation:
The efficient synthesis that can be used to achieve each of the following transformations is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The target molecule contains three additional carbon atoms, so the reaction needs a Carbon−Carbon bond-forming reaction. The
(f)
Interpretation:
An efficient synthesis that can be used to achieve each of the following transformations is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The target molecule has two additional phenyl groups, which can be done by adding Grignard reagent containing phenyl groups two times, followed by oxidation. The starting material contains carbonyl carbon which is the reaction center for the phenyl part of the Grignard reagent.

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Chapter 12 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY
- Using wedge-and-dash bonds, modify the bonds on the chiral carbon in the molecule below so the molecule has R stereochemical configuration. NH H Br X टेarrow_forwardProvide photos of models of the following molecules. (Include a key for identification of the atoms) 1,2-dichloropropane 2,3,3-trimethylhexane 2-bromo-3-methybutanearrow_forwardPlease draw the structure in the box that is consistent with all the spectral data and alphabetically label all of the equivalent protons in the structure (Ha, Hb, Hc....) in order to assign all the proton NMR peaks. The integrations are computer generated and approximate the number of equivalent protons. Molecular formula: C13H1802 14 13 12 11 10 11 (ppm) Structure with assigned H peaks 2.08 3.13arrow_forward
- A 0.10 M solution of acetic acid (CH3COOH, Ka = 1.8 x 10^-5) is titrated with a 0.0250 M solution of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2). If 10.0 mL of the acid solution is titrated with 10.0 mL of the base solution, what is the pH of the resulting solution?arrow_forwardFirefly luciferin exhibits three rings. Identify which of the rings are aromatic. Identify which lone pairs are involved in establishing aromaticity. The lone pairs are labeled A-D below.arrow_forwardA 0.10 M solution of acetic acid (CH3COOH, Ka = 1.8 x 10^-5) is titrated with a 0.0250 M solution of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2). If 10.0 mL of the acid solution is titrated with 10.0 mL of the base solution, what is the pH of the resulting solution?arrow_forward
- Given a complex reaction with rate equation v = k1[A] + k2[A]2, what is the overall reaction order?arrow_forwardPlease draw the structure in the box that is consistent with all the spectral data and alphabetically label all of the equivalent protons in the structure (Ha, Hb, Hc....) in order to assign all the proton NMR peaks. The integrations are computer generated and approximate the number of equivalent protons. Molecular formula: C13H1802 14 13 12 11 10 11 (ppm) Structure with assigned H peaks 2.08 3.13arrow_forwardCHEMICAL KINETICS. One of the approximation methods for solving the rate equation is the steady-state approximation method. Explain what it consists of.arrow_forward
- CHEMICAL KINETICS. One of the approximation methods for solving the rate equation is the limiting or determining step approximation method. Explain what it consists of.arrow_forwardCHEMICAL KINETICS. Indicate the approximation methods for solving the rate equation.arrow_forwardTRANSMITTANCE เบบ Please identify the one structure below that is consistent with the 'H NMR and IR spectra shown and draw its complete structure in the box below with the protons alphabetically labeled as shown in the NMR spectrum and label the IR bands, including sp³C-H and sp2C-H stretch, indicated by the arrows. D 4000 OH LOH H₂C CH3 OH H₂C OCH3 CH3 OH 3000 2000 1500 HAVENUMBERI-11 1000 LOCH3 Draw your structure below and label its equivalent protons according to the peak labeling that is used in the NMR spectrum in order to assign the peaks. Integrals indicate number of equivalent protons. Splitting patterns are: s=singlet, d=doublet, m-multiplet 8 3Hb s m 1Hd s 3Hf m 2Hcd 2Had 1He 鄙视 m 7 7 6 5 4 3 22 500 T 1 0arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning

