Chapter 12, Problem 30PS

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Material falling into categories has to be listed and the particles that make up these solids with forces of attraction between particles with examples have to be explained.

Concept introduction:

There are six type of solid material is existing which are given below,

Metallic solid:

Metallic solid is high melting points, range from soft and malleable to very hard, which are good conductors of electricity. In the metallic solid, metal atoms are electrostatic forces between metal ions and the free electrons.

Ionic solid:

Ionic solid has very high melting points

Ionic solids are brittleness and poor conductors in the solid state. In ionic solid, the force of attraction between the ions.

Molecular solid:

Molecular solids melt closer to 300 °C, which is can be either ductile or brittle. Many molecular solids have a large band gap between the valence band and conduction band. The consistent forces that bind the molecules together are van der Waals forces, dipole-dipole interactions, quadrupole interactions, π-π interactions, hydrogen bonding.

Network solid:

Network solid has very high melting point, which are very hard, which are insoluble in water and organic solvents. Chemical compounds, the atoms are bonded covalently in a continuous network in solid.

Amorphous solid:

In these solids particles are randomly arranged in three dimensions, does not have sharp melting points, which forms due to sudden cooling of liquid. Atoms are covalently bonded network.

Alloy solid:

Alloy solid is high melting points, which are good conductors of electricity. Two or more metal atoms are electrostatic forces between metal ions and the free electrons.