Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Hybrid Edition (with OWLv2 24-Months Printed Access Card)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781285462530
Author: John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 12, Problem 12PS
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The reason behind the lattice energy of sodium fluoride is more negative than the other sodium halides has to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Lattice formation enthalpy is the enthalpy change when one mole of solid crystal is formed from its scattered gaseous ions.
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Students have asked these similar questions
16).
Using the thermochemical data below calculate the lattice energy for the formation of Na₂O.
Na(s) → Na(g)
107.3 kJ/mol
Na(g) → Na (g) + 1 e
-
495.9 kJ/mol
-418 kJ/mol
249.1 kJ/mol
-141 kJ/mol
-1484.5 kJ/mol
2 Na(s) + O₂(g) →→→ Na₂O(s)
1/2 O₂(g) → 0(g)
O(g) + 1 e→O(g)
O(g) +1e0²(g)
Calculate the lattice enthalpy for RbC1. You will need the following information:
Species AfH°, kJ/mol
Rb(g)
RbCl(s)
Cl(g)
80.9
- 435.4
121.3
Enthalpy of ionization for Rb(g) is 403.0 kJ/mol; electron attachment enthalpy for Cl(g) is −349.0 kJ/mol.
Lattice enthalpy =
kJ/mol
2
Chapter 12 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Hybrid Edition (with OWLv2 24-Months Printed Access Card)
Ch. 12.1 - (a) Determining an Atom Radius from Lattice...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1RCCh. 12.1 - Prob. 2RCCh. 12.2 - If an ionic solid has an fcc lattice of anions (X)...Ch. 12.2 - Potassium chloride has the same unit cell as NaCl....Ch. 12.2 - 1. The unit cell of silicon carbide. SiC is...Ch. 12.2 - If one edge of the silicon carbide unit cell is...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 1QCh. 12.2 - Describe the unit cell of lithium (see Figure).Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 3Q
Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 4QCh. 12.3 - Prob. 1RCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 2RCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 3RCCh. 12.4 - Prob. 1RCCh. 12.5 - Prob. 1QCh. 12.5 - Prob. 2QCh. 12.5 - Prob. 3QCh. 12.5 - 1. Which of the following allotropes of carbon is...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 2RCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 1RCCh. 12.6 - Suppose you wanted to cool 100. g of water from 20...Ch. 12.7 - Prob. 1RCCh. 12.7 - How many tin atoms are contained in the tetragonal...Ch. 12.7 - Prob. 2QCh. 12.7 - Prob. 3QCh. 12.7 - Prob. 4QCh. 12 - Outline a two-dimensional unit cell for the...Ch. 12 - Outline a two-dimensional unit cell for the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3PSCh. 12 - Rutile, TiO2, crystallizes in a structure...Ch. 12 - Cuprite is a semiconductor. Oxide ions are at the...Ch. 12 - The mineral fluorite, which is composed of calcium...Ch. 12 - Calcium metal crystallizes in a face-centered...Ch. 12 - The density of copper metal is 8.95 g/cm3. If the...Ch. 12 - Potassium iodide has a face-centered cubic unit...Ch. 12 - A unit cell of cesium chloride is illustrated in...Ch. 12 - Predict the trend in lattice energy, from least...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12PSCh. 12 - To melt an ionic solid, energy must be supplied to...Ch. 12 - Which compound in each of the following pairs...Ch. 12 - Prob. 15PSCh. 12 - Prob. 16PSCh. 12 - Considering only the molecular orbitals formed by...Ch. 12 - Prob. 18PSCh. 12 - Prob. 19PSCh. 12 - Prob. 20PSCh. 12 - Prob. 21PSCh. 12 - Prob. 22PSCh. 12 - Prob. 23PSCh. 12 - Prob. 24PSCh. 12 - A diamond unit cell is shown here. Unit cell of...Ch. 12 - The structure of graphite is given in Figure...Ch. 12 - We have identified six types of solids (metallic,...Ch. 12 - Prob. 28PSCh. 12 - Classify each of the following materials as...Ch. 12 - Prob. 30PSCh. 12 - Benzene, C6H6, is an organic liquid that freezes...Ch. 12 - The specific heat capacity of silver is 0.235 J/g ...Ch. 12 - Prob. 33PSCh. 12 - Prob. 34PSCh. 12 - Prob. 35PSCh. 12 - If your air conditioner is more than several years...Ch. 12 - Sketch a phase diagram for O2 from the following...Ch. 12 - Tungsten crystallizes in the unit cell shown here....Ch. 12 - Silver crystallizes in a face-centered cubic unit...Ch. 12 - The unit cell shown here is for calcium carbide....Ch. 12 - The very dense metal iridium has a face-centered...Ch. 12 - Vanadium metal has a density of 6.11 g/cm3....Ch. 12 - Prob. 43GQCh. 12 - Prob. 44GQCh. 12 - Prob. 45GQCh. 12 - Consider the three types of cubic units cells. (a)...Ch. 12 - The solid-state structure of silicon is shown...Ch. 12 - The solid-state structure of silicon carbide is...Ch. 12 - Spinels are solids with the general formula AB2O4...Ch. 12 - Using the thermochemical data below and an...Ch. 12 - Prob. 51GQCh. 12 - Prob. 52GQCh. 12 - Prob. 53GQCh. 12 - Prob. 54GQCh. 12 - Prob. 55GQCh. 12 - Prob. 56GQCh. 12 - Like ZnS, lead(II) sulfide, PbS (commonly called...Ch. 12 - CaTiO3, a perovskite, has the structure below. (a)...Ch. 12 - Potassium bromide has the same lattice structure...Ch. 12 - Calculate the lattice energy of CaCl2 using a...Ch. 12 - Why is it not possible for a salt with the formula...Ch. 12 - Prob. 63SCQCh. 12 - Prob. 64SCQCh. 12 - Prob. 65SCQCh. 12 - Phase diagrams for materials that have allotropes...
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- Use a Born-Haber cycle (Sec. 5-13) to calculate the lattice energy of MgF2 using these thermodynamic data. Compare this lattice energy with that of SrF2, −2496 kJ/mol. Explain the difference in the values in structural terms.arrow_forwardPlease answer question 17 part A and Barrow_forwardUse the Born-Haber cycle to calculate the lattice energy of NaCl. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits. Process Heat of sublimation of Na (s) 1 Energy to dissociate Cl₂ to Cl 2 Electron affinity of Cl Ionization energy of Na Standard enthalpy of formation of NaCl kJ mol x10 X Ś Energy required 109. 121.4 - 348.6 495.8 - 411.2 kJ molarrow_forward
- MA, MD, ME, and MG are ionic compounds in which M is a metal. A, D, E, and G are monovalent non-metals of the same Group in the Periodic Table. The order of atomic numbers for these elements is E > D > G > A. With which one of the following, the metal has the most exothermic value of lattice energy? ☐A ☐D ☐E ☐G ☐The value is the same for all.arrow_forwardCalculate the lattice energy of ionic solid MX, given the following thermodynamic data: M(s) + X2(9) → MX(s) AHræn M(s) → M(g) AHrän= 88. kJ Bond energy of X2 = 196. kJ/mol lonization energy for M(s) = 485. kJ /mol Electron affinity of X = -281. kJ/mol AHrxn = -616. Enter your answer in decimal notation, rounded to the appropriate number of significant figures.arrow_forward16) ( , Using the thermochemical data below calculate the lattice energy for the formation of Na₂O. Na(s) → Na(g) 107.3 kJ/mol Na(g) → Na*(g) + 1 e 495.9 kJ/mol 2 Na(s) + O₂(g) → Na₂O(s) -418 kJ/mol 1/2 O₂(g) → O(g) 249.1 kJ/mol O(g) + 1 e→O(g) -141 kJ/mol -1484.5 kJ/mol O(g) + 1 e0²(g) s) If 115 or pressuarrow_forward
- Describe the shape Independent units or lattice Ratio of Na+ to Cl-arrow_forwardThe answer is not -101938.4 J/molarrow_forwardGiven the data below (taken from standard data tables), calculate the crystal lattice energy for sodium oxide: (remember to ALWAYS enter units as well as numerical values) ΔHf° (Na2O(s) ) = –413 kJ/mol E.A.1(O) = –133 kJ/mol E.A.2(O) = 247 kJ/mol B.D.E. (O2) = 495 kJ/mol I.E.1(Na) = 495.5 kJ/mol I.E.2(Na) = 4562 kJ/mol I.E.3(Na) = 6912 kJ/mol ΔHsub° (Na) = 105 kJ/molarrow_forward
- Use the following data to estimate AH°f for magnesium fluoride. Mg(s) + F₂(g) →→ MgF₂(s) Lattice energy = 2913 kJ/mol First ionization energy of Mg =735 kJ/mol Second ionization energy of Mg= 1445 kJ/mol Electron affinity of F= -328 kJ/mol Bond energy of F₂ =154 kJ/mol Enthalpy of sublimation for Mg =150. kJ/mol Select one or more: 167 kJ/mol -411 kJ/mol -1085 kJ/mol -292 kJarrow_forwardcalculate the lattice energy of NaCl: Na(s)----> Na(g) = 109kj Cl2--->2Cl(g) = 243kj Na(g)----> Na+(g)+ e- = 496kJ Cl(g)+e------>Cl-(g) = -349kJ Na(s) + 1/2Cl2(g)----->NaCl(s) = -411kJarrow_forwardCalculate the lattice enthalpies, ΔU (also called ΔHL), of the following group 1 fluoride compounds by using the Born–Mayer equation. The radius of Na is 102 pm and the radius of F– is 133 pm. The radius of Cs is 167 pm and the radius of F– is 133 pm.arrow_forward
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