![College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780321879721/9780321879721_largeCoverImage.gif)
Concept explainers
If you launch a projectile upward with a high enough speed, its kinetic energy is sufficient to allow it to escape the earth’s gravity—it will go up and not come back down. Given enough time, hydrogen and helium gas atoms in the earth’s atmosphere will escape, so these elements are not present in our atmosphere. Explain why hydrogen and helium atoms have the necessary speed to escape but why other elements, such as oxygen and nitrogen, do not.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution![Blurred answer](/static/blurred-answer.jpg)
Chapter 12 Solutions
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Physics (5th Edition)
An Introduction to Thermal Physics
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, Vol. 1 (Chs 1-21) (4th Edition)
The Cosmic Perspective (8th Edition)
Physics: Principles with Applications
Tutorials in Introductory Physics
- Rank the following quantities of energy from largest to smallest. State if any are equal. (a) the absolute value of the average potential energy of the SunEarth system (b) the average kinetic energy of the Earth in its orbital motion relative to the Sun (c) the absolute value of the total energy of the SunEarth systemarrow_forwardA woman expends 95 kJ of energy in walking a kilometer. The energy is supplied by the metabolic breakdown of food intake and has a 35 percent efficiency. If the woman drives a car over the same distance, how much energy is used if the car gets 8.8 km per liter of gasoline (approximately 20 mi/gal)? The density of gasoline is 0.71 g/mL, and its enthalpy of combustion is 49 kJ/g. Enter your answer in scientific notation. Compare the efficiencies of the two processes. kJ (driving)/ kJ (walking)arrow_forwardA food calorie is a unit of energy such that 1 food calorie = 4184 J. This means that a person that burns energy with a power of 4184 W would burn one food calorie every second. A more typical human power rate is 90 W (called the basal metabolic rate). At this rate, how many calories are burned per second (or alternatively, how many seconds does it take to burn 1 calorie)?arrow_forward
- The human body is not perfectly efficient. In fact, only about 20% of the Calories we consume are used for mechanical work (i.e., moving the body around). Estimate how many granola bars (150 Cal per bar) an 85 kg person will burn if they climb vertically up the side of the Empire State Building. height of Empire State Building, h = 443 m unit conversion: 1 Cal = 4184 Joulesarrow_forwardArchimedes tells us the lifting power of a balloon (how much mass it can lift) is equal to the difference between the mass of the balloon and the mass of the air it displaces. That is, if the balloon occupies the same volume as 10kg of air, but the balloon only weighs 2kg , then the balloon can lift 8kg . Airships have sometimes been filled with hydrogen ( H2 ), but hydrogen is very flammable, and after the Hindenburg caught fire and crashed in 1937 with serious loss of life airships have nearly always been filled with helium ( He ) instead. gas density H2 0.090kgm3 He 0.18kgm3 air 1.23kgm3 Suppose a new airship Star of Balogna will have the shape of a cylinder 100.m long, with a radius of 15.0m , and will weigh 9100.kg without any gas inside it. Suppose also the average passenger weighs 81kg . Calculate how many passengers the Balogna could carry if it were filled with hydrogen, and also if it were filled with…arrow_forward31 SOLUTION IS NEEDED. After the lockdown due to Covid-19, Ezekiel a 10year-old kid of mass 40kg starts to have an outdoor exercise for an hour by jogging around his place. He expends 200W of power during his jogging. If only 15% of the energy is used by the muscle and the rest of the energy is excreted by the body by sweating, determine the mass in kilograms, of his body fluid (water) lost. Round-off your answer to the nearest thousandths. Do not type the unit of your final answer. * Ly = 2.26x106/arrow_forward
- Archimedes tells us the lifting power of a balloon (how much mass it can lift) is equal to the difference between the mass of the balloon and the mass of the air it displaces. That is, if the balloon occupies the same volume as 10 kg of air, but the balloon only weighs 2 kg, then the balloon can lift 8 kg. Airships have sometimes been filled with hydrogen (H2), but hydrogen is very flammable, and after the Hindenburg caught fire and crashed in 1937 with serious loss of life airships have nearly always been filled with helium (He) instead. gas H₂ density 0.090 kg 3 m kg He 0.18 3 m kg 1.23 3 P air m Suppose a new airship Star of Balogna will have the shape of a cylinder 100. m long, with a radius of 15.0 m, and will weigh 9200. kg without any gas inside it. Suppose also the average passenger weighs 83 kg. Calculate how many passengers the Balogna could carry if it were filled with hydrogen, and also if it were filled with helium. Passengers with H₂: 0 × Passengers with He: ☐ 5arrow_forwardA 46-kg woman eats a 522 Calorie (522 kcal) jelly doughnut for breakfast. (a) How many joules of energy are the equivalent of one jelly doughnut? 2192.4 X Your response is off by a multiple of ten. J (b) How many steps must the woman climb on a very tall stairway to change the gravitational potential energy of the woman-Earth system by a value equivalent to the food energy in one jelly doughnut? Assume the height of a single stair is 15 cm. 8.67 X Your response differs significantly from the correct answer. Rework your solution from the beginning and check each step carefully. stairs (c) If the human body is only 26% efficient in converting chemical potential energy to mechanical energy, how many steps must the woman climb to work off her breakfast? 9 X Your response differs significantly from the correct answer. Rework your solution from the beginning and check each step carefully. stairsarrow_forwardA moonshiner makes the error of filling a glass jar to the brim and capping it tightly. The moonshine expands more than the glass when it warms up, in such a way that the volume increases by 0.5% (that is, ΔV/V0 = 5 10-3) relative to the space available.arrow_forward
- Please help me with this question and explain it. Thank you!arrow_forwardLarge meteors sometimes strike the Earth, converting most of their kinetic energy into thermal energy. If a 10° kg meteor moving at 25.0 km/s lands in a deep ocean and 80% of its kinetic energy goes into heating water, how many kilograms of water could it raise by 5.0°C? Select the correct answer O 8 × 1012 kg O 5 x 1013 kg O 1x 1013 kg O 4 × 1012 kg|Answer Your O 2 x 1013 kgarrow_forwardIn the extrusion of cold chocolate from a tube, work is done on the chocolate by the pressure applied by a ram forcing the chocolate through the tube. The work per unit mass of extruded chocolate is equal to p/r, where p is the difference between the applied pressure and the pressure where the chocolate emerges from the tube, and r is the density of the chocolate. Rather than increasing the temperature of the chocolate, this work melts cocoa fats in the chocolate.These fats have a heat of fusion of 150 kJ/kg.Assume that all of the work goes into that melting and that these fats make up 30% of the chocolate’s mass.What percentage of the fats melt during the extrusion if p = 5.5 MPa and r = 1200 kg/m3?arrow_forward
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781285737027Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage Learning
- College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781938168000Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger HinrichsPublisher:OpenStax CollegePhysics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781305952300Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage Learning
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781133104261/9781133104261_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305116399/9781305116399_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781285737027/9781285737027_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781938168000/9781938168000_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781133939146/9781133939146_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305952300/9781305952300_smallCoverImage.gif)