College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321879721
Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 22CQ
If you bake a cake at high elevation, where atmospheric pressure is lower than at sea level, you will need to adjust the recipe. You will need to cook the cake for a longer time, and you will need to add less baking powder. (Baking powder is a leavening agent. As it heats, it releases gas bubbles that cause the cake to rise.) Explain why those adjustments are necessary.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
The prevailing winds on the Hawaiian island of Kauai blow from the northeast. The winds cool as they go up the slope of Mt. Waialeale (elevation 1523 m), causing water vapor to condense and rain to fall. There is much more precipitation at the summit than at the base of the mountain. In fact, Mt. Waialeale is the rainiest spot on earth, averaging 11.7 m of rainfall a year. But what makes the winds cool?
You read in a popular diet blog that the author claims you can lose up to half a pound of body fat per week if, instead of drinking 1.9 liters (i.e., 1.9 kilograms) of water every day, you can eat the same amount of water in the form of ice. The reasoning is that your body must first melt the ice and then bring the ice water up to the body temperature of 37°C, which is a process that requires a significant amount of energy at the expense of “burned” body fat. Thankfully, you just finished discussing heat and phase changes in your physics class, so you can calculate exactly how much energy is expended. The specific heat and latent heat of fusion for water are 4.186 × 103 J/(kg⋅°C) and 3.34×105 J/kg, respectively
a) How many kilocalories do you expend when you eat 1.9 kg of ice at 0°C? Note that 1 kcal = 4186 J.
b) Assuming the metabolism of one pound of body fat produces 3500 kcal of energy, how many pounds of body fat could you lose in a week just by eating 1.9 kilograms of ice every…
A scuba diver has his lungs filled to half capacity (3 liters) when 10 m below the surface. If the diver holds his breath while quietly rising to the surface, what will the volume of the lungs be (in liters) at the surface? Assume the temperature is the same at all depths. (The density of water is 1.0x103 kg/m3
Chapter 12 Solutions
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 12 - Which has more mass, a mole of Ne gas or a mole of...Ch. 12 - If you launch a projectile upward with a high...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3CQCh. 12 - If you buy a sealed bag of potato chips in Miami...Ch. 12 - If you double the typical speed of the molecules...Ch. 12 - Two gases have the same number of molecules per...Ch. 12 - a. Which contains more particles, a mole of helium...Ch. 12 - If the temperature T of an ideal gas doubles, by...Ch. 12 - A bottle of helium gas and a bottle of argon gas...Ch. 12 - A gas cylinder contains 1.0 mol of helium at a...
Ch. 12 - Prob. 11CQCh. 12 - Prob. 12CQCh. 12 - What is the maximum amount of work that a gas can...Ch. 12 - You need to precisely measure the dimensions of a...Ch. 12 - A common trick for opening a stubborn lid on a jar...Ch. 12 - Your cars radiator is made of steel and is filled...Ch. 12 - Materials A and B have equal densities, but A has...Ch. 12 - Prob. 18CQCh. 12 - You need to raise the temperature of a gas by 10C....Ch. 12 - A sample of ideal gas is in a cylinder with a...Ch. 12 - A student is heating chocolate in a pan on the...Ch. 12 - If you bake a cake at high elevation, where...Ch. 12 - The specific heat of aluminum is higher than that...Ch. 12 - A student is asked to sketch a pV diagram for a...Ch. 12 - In some expensive cookware, the pot is made of...Ch. 12 - If you live somewhere with cold, clear nights, you...Ch. 12 - Prob. 27MCQCh. 12 - Prob. 28MCQCh. 12 - A gas is compressed by an isothermal process that...Ch. 12 - Prob. 30MCQCh. 12 - Prob. 31MCQCh. 12 - Prob. 32MCQCh. 12 - Prob. 33MCQCh. 12 - Prob. 34MCQCh. 12 - 100 g of ice at 0C and 100 g of steam at 100C...Ch. 12 - Suppose the 600 W of radiation emitted in a...Ch. 12 - Prob. 37MCQCh. 12 - Prob. 38MCQCh. 12 - Prob. 1PCh. 12 - How many grams of water (H2O) have the same number...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3PCh. 12 - How many cubic millimeters (mm3) are in 1 L?Ch. 12 - Prob. 5PCh. 12 - Prob. 6PCh. 12 - An ideal gas is at 20C. The gas is cooled,...Ch. 12 - An ideal gas at 0C consists of 1.0 1023 atoms. 10...Ch. 12 - An ideal gas at 20C consists of 2.2 1022 atoms....Ch. 12 - Dry ice is frozen carbon dioxide. If you have 1.0...Ch. 12 - Prob. 11PCh. 12 - Prob. 12PCh. 12 - Prob. 13PCh. 12 - When you stifle a sneeze, you can damage delicate...Ch. 12 - Prob. 15PCh. 12 - Mars has an atmosphere composed almost entirely of...Ch. 12 - 3.0 mol of gas at a temperature of 120C fills a...Ch. 12 - The lowest pressure ever obtained in a laboratory...Ch. 12 - Helium has the lowest condensation point of any...Ch. 12 - A cylinder contains 3.0 L of oxygen at 300 K and...Ch. 12 - A gas with initial conditions pi, Vi, and Ti...Ch. 12 - 0.10 mol of argon gas is admitted to an evacuated...Ch. 12 - 0.10 mol of argon gas is admitted to an evacuated...Ch. 12 - 0.10 mol of argon gas is admitted to an evacuated...Ch. 12 - 0.0040 mol of gas undergoes the process shown in...Ch. 12 - 0.0040 mol of gas follows the hyperbolic...Ch. 12 - A gas with an initial temperature of 900C...Ch. 12 - How much work is done on the gas in the process...Ch. 12 - It is possible to make a thermometer by sealing...Ch. 12 - A 1.0 cm3 air bubble is released from the sandy...Ch. 12 - A weather balloon rises through the atmosphere,...Ch. 12 - A straight rod consists of a 1.2-cm-long piece of...Ch. 12 - The length of a steel beam increases by 0.73 mm...Ch. 12 - The length of a steel beam increases by 0.73 mm...Ch. 12 - A circular hole in a steel plate is 2.000 cm in...Ch. 12 - At 20C, the hole in an aluminum ring is 2.500 cm...Ch. 12 - The temperature of an aluminum disk is increased...Ch. 12 - Prob. 38PCh. 12 - How much heat is needed to change 20 g of mercury...Ch. 12 - a. 100 J of heat energy are transferred to 20 g of...Ch. 12 - Prob. 41PCh. 12 - Prob. 42PCh. 12 - Alligators and other reptiles dont use enough...Ch. 12 - When air is inhaled, it quickly becomes saturated...Ch. 12 - Prob. 45PCh. 12 - What minimum heat is needed to bring 100 g of...Ch. 12 - 30 g of copper pellets are removed from a 300C...Ch. 12 - A copper block is removed from a 300C oven and...Ch. 12 - A 750 g aluminum pan is removed from the stove and...Ch. 12 - A 500 g metal sphere is heated to 300C, then...Ch. 12 - Brewed coffee is often too hot to drink right...Ch. 12 - Native Americans boiled water by adding very hot...Ch. 12 - Marianne really likes coffee, but on summer days...Ch. 12 - If a person has a dangerously high fever,...Ch. 12 - A container holds 1.0 g of argon at a pressure of...Ch. 12 - A container holds 1.0 g of oxygen at a pressure of...Ch. 12 - What is the temperature change of 1.0 mol of a...Ch. 12 - Prob. 58PCh. 12 - Adding 150 J of heat to 0.50 mol of a monatomic...Ch. 12 - Heating 2.5 mol of neon in a rigid container...Ch. 12 - A 1.8-cm-thick wood floor covers a 4.0 m 5.5 m...Ch. 12 - A stainless-steel-bottomed kettle, its bottom 24...Ch. 12 - What is the greatest possible rate of energy...Ch. 12 - What is the greatest possible rate of energy...Ch. 12 - Seals may cool themselves by using thermal...Ch. 12 - Electronics and inhabitants of the International...Ch. 12 - The glowing filament in a lamp is radiating energy...Ch. 12 - If you lie on the ground at night with no cover,...Ch. 12 - A college student is working on her physics...Ch. 12 - Prob. 70GPCh. 12 - A rigid container holds 2.0 mol of gas at a...Ch. 12 - A 15-cm-diameter compressed-air tank is 50 cm...Ch. 12 - Prob. 73GPCh. 12 - Prob. 74GPCh. 12 - Suppose you take and hold a deep breath on a...Ch. 12 - On average, each person in the industrialized...Ch. 12 - On a cool morning, when the temperature is 15C,...Ch. 12 - Suppose you inflate your car tires to 35 psi on a...Ch. 12 - Prob. 79GPCh. 12 - An empty flask is placed in boiling water for a...Ch. 12 - 80 J of work are done on the gas in the process...Ch. 12 - How much work is done by the gas in the process...Ch. 12 - Prob. 83GPCh. 12 - 10 g of dry ice (solid CO2) is placed in a 10,000...Ch. 12 - Prob. 85GPCh. 12 - A 5.0-m-diameter garden pond holds 5.9 103 kg of...Ch. 12 - 0.030 mol of an ideal monatomic gas undergoes an...Ch. 12 - James Joule (after whom the unit of energy is...Ch. 12 - Prob. 89GPCh. 12 - Prob. 90GPCh. 12 - A 68 kg woman cycles at a constant 15 km/h. All of...Ch. 12 - Prob. 92GPCh. 12 - Prob. 93GPCh. 12 - What is the maximum mass of lead you could melt...Ch. 12 - An experiment measures the temperature of a 200 g...Ch. 12 - 10 g of aluminum at 200C and 20 g of copper are...Ch. 12 - A 100 g ice cube at 10C is placed in an aluminum...Ch. 12 - Prob. 98GPCh. 12 - Your 300 mL cup of coffee is too hot to drink when...Ch. 12 - A gas is compressed from 600 cm3 to 200 cm3 at a...Ch. 12 - An expandable cube, initially 20 cm on each side,...Ch. 12 - 0.10 mol of a monatomic gas follows the process...Ch. 12 - A monatomic gas follows the process 123 shown in...Ch. 12 - What are (a) the heat QH extracted from the hot...Ch. 12 - Homes are often insulated with fiberglass...Ch. 12 - The top layer of your goose down sleeping bag has...Ch. 12 - Suppose you go outside in your fiber-filled jacket...Ch. 12 - The surface area of an adult human is about 1.8...Ch. 12 - MCAT-Style Passage Problems Thermal Properties of...Ch. 12 - MCAT-Style Passage Problems Thermal Properties of...Ch. 12 - MCAT-Style Passage Problems Thermal Properties of...Ch. 12 - MCAT-Style Passage Problems Thermal Properties of...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Will the light given off by Earth’s surface easily travel back through the atmosphere to space or will it be ab...
Lecture- Tutorials for Introductory Astronomy
What are the three domains of life? Which domain do we belong to?
Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
Explain all answers clearly, with complete sentences and proper essay structure, if needed. An asterisk (*) des...
The Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals (2nd Edition)
46. Light pipe. Light enters a solid tube made of plastic having an index of refraction of 1.60. The light trav...
College Physics (10th Edition)
Analyzing crystal diffraction is intimately tied to the various different geometries in which the atoms can be ...
Modern Physics
3. What is free-fall, and why does it make you weightless? Briefly describe why astronauts are weightless in th...
The Cosmic Perspective (8th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A sealed cubical container 20.0 cm on a side contains a gas with three times Avogadros number of neon atoms at a temperature of 20.0C. (a) Find the internal energy of the gas. (b) Find the total translational kinetic energy of the gas. (c) Calculate the average kinetic energy per atom, (d) Use Equation 10.13 to calculate the gas pressure. (e) Calculate the gas pressure using the ideal gas law (Eq. 10.8).arrow_forwardThe mass of a hot-air balloon and its cargo (not including the air inside) is 200 kg. The air outside is at 10.0C and 101 kPa. The volume of the balloon is 400 m3. To what temperature must the air in the balloon be warmed before the balloon will lift off? (Air density at 10.0C is 1.244 kg/m3.)arrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements is true? (a) The path on a PV diagram always goes from the smaller volume to the larger volume. (b) The path on a PV diagram always goes from the smaller pressure to the larger pressure. (c) The area under the path on a PV diagram is always equal to the work done on a gas. (d) The area under the path on a PV diagram is always equal in magnitude to the work done on a gas.arrow_forward
- If the average kinetic energy of the molecules in an ideal gas initially at 20C doubles, what is the final temperature of the gas? (5.6) (a) 10C (b) 40C (c) 313C (d) 586Carrow_forwardYour car’s radiator is made of steel and is filled with coolant. You fill the radiator to the very top with coolant, then drive off without remembering to replace the cap. As the coolant and steel radiator heats up, will the level of coolant drop or rise and overflow? why? what is a radiator is and what purpose does it serves in a car? Here is a good start: https://youtu.be/y5p31F_dVJUarrow_forwardDuring a plant visit, it was noticed that a 12-m-long section of a 10-cm-diameter steam pipe is completely exposed to the ambient air. The temperature measurements indicate that the average temperature of the outer surface of the steam pipe is 75°C when the ambient temperature is 5°C. There are also light winds in the area at 10 km/h. The emissivity of the outer surface of the pipe is 0.8, and the average temperature of the surfaces surrounding the pipe, including the sky, is estimated to be 0°C. Determine the amount of heat lost from the steam during a 10-h-long work day. Steam is supplied by a gas-fired steam generator that has an efficiency of 80 percent, and the plant pays $1.05/therm of natural gas. If the pipe is insulated and 90 percent of the heat loss is saved, determine the amount of money this facility will save a year as a result of insulating the steam pipes. Assume the plant operates every day of the year for 10 h. State your assumptions.arrow_forward
- A mountain hiker tightens the cap on a half-full plastic water bottle at a high altitude. The volume of air in the sealed bottle is 5 x 104 m°, the pressure is 64 kPa and the temperature is -8 °C. The hiker descends to a lower altitude where the pressure is 94.2 kPa and the temperature is 11 °C. What is the final volume of the sealed air inside the bottle? (this is what causes the plastic bottle to deform if you've ever experience this situation) MacBook Pro Q Search or enter website name #3 2$ 2 3 W E PRarrow_forwardQuestion: Mars is about half the size of Earth by diameter and has a much thinner atmosphere, with an average surface pressure of 610 Pa which is less than 1% of Earth's atmospheric pressure. The temperature ranges from -70 °C to near 0°C during the day. A 650 L gas collected from Mars's atmosphere at -40 °C and 610 Pa is brought to Earth. This gas sample will occupy how many liters on a city with 10 °C temperature and 640 mmHg pressure?arrow_forward1) A beachcomber finds a corked bottle containing a message. The air in the bottle is at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 30.3°C. The cork has a cross-sectional area of 2.10 cm2. The beachcomber places the bottle over a fire, figuring that the increased pressure will push out the cork. At a temperature of 99°C the cork is ejected from the bottle. (a) What was the pressure in the bottle just before the cork left it?(b) What force of friction held the cork in place? Neglect any change in the volume of the bottle. 2) A tire contains air at a gauge pressure of 5.17 104 Pa at a temperature of 25.0°C. After nightfall, the temperature drops to -10.0°C. Find the new gauge pressure in the tire. (Recall that gauge pressure is absolute pressure minus atmospheric pressure. Assume constant volume.)arrow_forward
- Q 06: Let's imagine that at the beginning of a journey a truck tire has a volume of 40,000 cm3 and an internal pressure of 180 kPa. The temperature of the tire is 16°C. By the end of the trip, the volume of the tire has increased to 45,000 cm3 and the temperature of the air inside the tire is 45°C. What is the tire pressure at the end of the journey?arrow_forwardOverall, 80% of the energy used by the body must be eliminated as excess thermal energy and needs to be dissipated. The mechanisms of elimination are radiation, evaporation of sweat (2,430 kJ/kg), evaporation from the lungs (38 kJ/h), conduction, and convection. A person working out in a gym has a metabolic rate of 2,500 kJ/h. His body temperature is 37°C, and the outside 5.6696 x 10-8 W/m2 · K4) temperature 22°C. Assume the skin has an area of 2.0 m2 and emissivity of 0.97. (o %D (a) At what rate is his excess thermal energy dissipated by radiation? (Enter your answer to at least one decimal place.) 136.7 Your response differs from the correct answer by more than 10%. Double check your calculations. W (b) If he eliminates 0.44 kg of perspiration during that hour, at what rate is thermal energy dissipated by evaporation of sweat? (Enter your answer to at least one decimal place.) W (c) At what rate is energy eliminated by evaporation from the lungs? (Enter your answer to at least one…arrow_forwardWhen you drink cold water, your body must expend metabolic energy in order to maintain normal body temperature (37° C) by warming up the water in your stomach. Could drinking ice water, then, substitute for exercise as a way to "burn calories?" Suppose you expend 422 kilocalories during a brisk hour-long walk. How many liters of ice water (0° C) would you have to drink in order to use up 422 kilocalories of metabolic energy? For comparison, the stomach can hold about 1 liter.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781305952300Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
An Introduction to Physical SciencePhysicsISBN:9781305079137Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...
Physics
ISBN:9781305116399
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
An Introduction to Physical Science
Physics
ISBN:9781305079137
Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Kinetic Molecular Theory and its Postulates; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o3f_VJ87Df0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY