University Physics Volume 2
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168161
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 1CQ
For calculating magnetic fields, what are the advantages and disadvantages of the Biot-Savart law?
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ROTATIONAL DYNAMICS
Question 01
A solid circular cylinder and a solid spherical ball of the same mass and radius are rolling
together down the same inclined. Calculate the ratio of their kinetic energy. Assume pure
rolling motion Question 02
A sphere and cylinder of the same mass and radius start from ret at the same point and more
down the same plane inclined at 30° to the horizontal
Which body gets the bottom first and what is its acceleration
b) What angle of inclination of the plane is needed to give the slower body the same
acceleration
Question 03
i)
Define the angular velocity of a rotating body and give its SI unit
A car wheel has its angular velocity changing from 2rads to 30 rads
seconds. If the radius of the wheel is 400mm. calculate
ii)
The angular acceleration
iii)
The tangential linear acceleration of a point on the rim of the wheel
Question 04
in 20
Question B3
Consider the following FLRW spacetime:
t2
ds² = -dt² +
(dx²
+ dy²+ dz²),
t2
where t is a constant.
a)
State whether this universe is spatially open, closed or flat.
[2 marks]
b) Determine the Hubble factor H(t), and represent it in a (roughly drawn) plot as a function
of time t, starting at t = 0.
[3 marks]
c) Taking galaxy A to be located at (x, y, z) = (0,0,0), determine the proper distance to galaxy
B located at (x, y, z) = (L, 0, 0). Determine the recessional velocity of galaxy B with respect
to galaxy A.
d) The Friedmann equations are
2
k
8πG
а
4πG
+
a²
(p+3p).
3
a
3
[5 marks]
Use these equations to determine the energy density p(t) and the pressure p(t) for the
FLRW spacetime specified at the top of the page.
[5 marks]
e) Given the result of question B3.d, state whether the FLRW universe in question is (i)
radiation-dominated, (ii) matter-dominated, (iii) cosmological-constant-dominated, or (iv)
none of the previous. Justify your answer.
f)
[5 marks]
A conformally…
SECTION B
Answer ONLY TWO questions in Section B
[Expect to use one single-sided A4 page for each Section-B sub question.]
Question B1
Consider the line element
where w is a constant.
ds²=-dt²+e2wt dx²,
a) Determine the components of the metric and of the inverse metric.
[2 marks]
b) Determine the Christoffel symbols. [See the Appendix of this document.]
[10 marks]
c)
Write down the geodesic equations.
[5 marks]
d) Show that e2wt it is a constant of geodesic motion.
[4 marks]
e)
Solve the geodesic equations for null geodesics.
[4 marks]
Chapter 12 Solutions
University Physics Volume 2
Ch. 12 - Check Your Understanding Using Example 12.1, at...Ch. 12 - Check Your Understanding The wire loop forms a...Ch. 12 - 12.3 Check Your Understanding Using Example 12.3,...Ch. 12 - 12.4 Check Your Understanding Two wires, both...Ch. 12 - Check Your Understanding Using Example 12.5, at...Ch. 12 - Check Your Understanding Consider using Ampere’s...Ch. 12 - 12.7 Check Your Understanding What is the ratio of...Ch. 12 - Check your Understanding Repeat the calculations...Ch. 12 - For calculating magnetic fields, what are the...Ch. 12 - Describe the magnetic field due to the current in...
Ch. 12 - How can you decide if a wire is infinite?Ch. 12 - Identical currents are carried in two circular...Ch. 12 - How would you orient two long, straight, current...Ch. 12 - Compare and contrast the electric field of an...Ch. 12 - Is B constant in magnitude for points that lie on...Ch. 12 - Is the magnetic field of a current loop uniform?Ch. 12 - What happens to the length of a suspended spring...Ch. 12 - Two concentric circular wines with different...Ch. 12 - Is Ampere’s law valid for all closed paths? Why...Ch. 12 - Is the magnetic field inside a toroid completely...Ch. 12 - Explain why B=0 inside a long, hollow copper pipe...Ch. 12 - A diamagnetic material is brought dose to a...Ch. 12 - If you cut a bar magnet into two pieces, will you...Ch. 12 - A 10-A current flows through the wire shown. What...Ch. 12 - Ten amps flow through a square loop where each...Ch. 12 - What is the magnetic field at P due to the current...Ch. 12 - The accompanying figure shows a current loop...Ch. 12 - Find the magnetic field at the center C of the...Ch. 12 - Two long wires, one of which has a semicircular...Ch. 12 - A typical currant in a lightning bolt is 104 A....Ch. 12 - The magnitude of the magnetic field 50 cm from a...Ch. 12 - A transmission line strung 7.0 m above the ground...Ch. 12 - A long, straight, horizontal wire carries a...Ch. 12 - The two long, parallel wires shown in the...Ch. 12 - The accompanying figure shows two long, straight,...Ch. 12 - Repeat the calculations of the preceding problem...Ch. 12 - Consider the area between the wires of the...Ch. 12 - Two long, straight wires are parallel and 25 cm...Ch. 12 - Two long, straight wires are parallel and 10 cm...Ch. 12 - Two long, parallel wires are hung by cords of...Ch. 12 - A circuit with current I has two long parallel...Ch. 12 - The infinite, straight wire shown in the...Ch. 12 - When the current through a circular loop is 6.0 A,...Ch. 12 - How many turns must be wound on a flat, circular...Ch. 12 - A flat, circular loop has 20 turns. The radius of...Ch. 12 - A circular loop of radius R carries a current I....Ch. 12 - Two flat, circular coils, each with a radius R and...Ch. 12 - For the coils in the preceding problem, what is...Ch. 12 - A current 1 flows around the rectangular loop...Ch. 12 - Evaluate BdI for each of the cases shown in the...Ch. 12 - The coil whose lengthwise cross section is shown...Ch. 12 - A superconducting wire of diameter 0.25 cm carries...Ch. 12 - A long, straight wire of radius R caries a current...Ch. 12 - The accompanying figure shows a cross-section of a...Ch. 12 - A long, solid, cylindrical conductor of radius 3.0...Ch. 12 - A portion of a long, cylindrical coaxial cable is...Ch. 12 - A solenoid is wound with 2000 turns pet meter....Ch. 12 - A solenoid has 12 turns per centimeter. What...Ch. 12 - If a current is 2.0 A, bow many turns per...Ch. 12 - A solenoid is 40 cm long, has a diameter of 3.0...Ch. 12 - Determine the magnetic field on the central axis...Ch. 12 - By how much is the approximation B=0nI in error at...Ch. 12 - A solenoid with 25 turns per centimeter carries a...Ch. 12 - A toroid has 250 trims of wire and carries a...Ch. 12 - A toroid with a square cross section 3.0cm3.0cm...Ch. 12 - The magnetic field in the core of an air-filled...Ch. 12 - A solenoid has a ferromagnetic core, n = 1000...Ch. 12 - A 20-A current flows through a solenoid with 2000...Ch. 12 - The magnetic dipole moment of the iron atom is...Ch. 12 - Suppose you wish to produce 1.2-T magnetic field...Ch. 12 - A current of 1.5 A flows through the windings of a...Ch. 12 - A solenoid with an iron core is 25 cm long and is...Ch. 12 - Three long, straight, parallel wires, all carrying...Ch. 12 - A current I flows around a wire bent into the...Ch. 12 - The accompanying figure shows a long, straight...Ch. 12 - Current flows along a thin, infinite sheet as...Ch. 12 - (a) Use the result of the previous problem to...Ch. 12 - We often assume that the magnetic field is uniform...Ch. 12 - How is the percentage change in the strength of...Ch. 12 - Show that the expression for the magnetic field of...Ch. 12 - A toroid with an inner radius of 20 cm and an...Ch. 12 - A wire element has dI,IdI=JAdl=Jdv , where A and...Ch. 12 - A reasonably uniform magnetic field over a limited...Ch. 12 - A charge of 4.0C .s distributed uniformly around a...Ch. 12 - A thin, nonconducting disk of radius R is free to...Ch. 12 - Consider the disk in the previous problem....Ch. 12 - Consider the axial magnetic field...Ch. 12 - The current density in the long, cylindrical wire...Ch. 12 - A long, straight, cylindrical conductor contains a...Ch. 12 - Between the two ends of a horseshoe magnet the...Ch. 12 - Show that the magnetic field of a thin wire and...Ch. 12 - An Ampere loop is chosen as shown by dashed lines...Ch. 12 - , A ray long, thick, cylindrical wire of radius R...Ch. 12 - A very long, cylindrical wire of radius a has a...Ch. 12 - Magnetic field inside a torus. Consider a torus of...Ch. 12 - Two long coaxial copper tubes, each of length L,...Ch. 12 - The accompanying figure shows a flat, infinitely...Ch. 12 - A hypothetical current flowing in the z-direction...Ch. 12 - A nonconducting hard rubber circular disk of...
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