Synthesis of the muscalure from acetylene and other required reagents is to be devised. Concept introduction: Terminal alkynes can be converted into internal alkynes by forming new C − C bond. This bond is formed by treatment of alkyne with strong base and alkyl halide . The addition of H 2 in presence of catalyst is known as catalytic hydrogenation reaction. Lindlar catalyst consists of palladium deposited on calcium carbonate which is poisoned or deactivated by lead or sulfur. In presence of Lindlar catalyst, alkyne is reduced to c i s -alkene .

Question

An expression for the root mean square velocity, vrms, of a gas was derived. Using Maxwell’s velocity distribution, one can also calculate the mean velocity and the most probable velocity (mp) of a collection of molecules. The equations used for these two quantities are vmean=(8RT/πM)1/2 and vmp=(2RT/M)1/2 These values have a fixed relationship to each other.(a) Arrange these three quantities in order of increasing magnitude.(b) Show that the relative magnitudes are independent of the molar mass of the gas.(c) Use the smallest velocity as a reference for establishing the order of magnitude and determine the relationship between the larger and smaller values.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.63P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Synthesis of the muscalure from acetylene and other required reagents is to be devised.

Concept introduction: Terminal alkynes can be converted into internal alkynes by forming new C−C bond. This bond is formed by treatment of alkyne with strong base and alkyl halide.

The addition of H2 in presence of catalyst is known as catalytic hydrogenation reaction. Lindlar catalyst consists of palladium deposited on calcium carbonate which is poisoned or deactivated by lead or sulfur. In presence of Lindlar catalyst, alkyne is reduced to cis-alkene.

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