PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS
14th Edition
ISBN: 2810015433483
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 10SCQ
Suppose a city releases 16 million gallons of raw sewage into a nearby lake. Table 12.8 shows the total costs of cleaning up the sewage to different levels, together with the total benefits of doing so. (Benefits include environmental, recreational, health, and industrial benefits.)
- Using the information in Table 12.8, calculate the marginal costs and marginal benefits of reducing sewage emissions for this city. See Production, Costs and Industry Structure if you need a refresher on how to calculate marginal costs.
- What is the optimal level of sewage for this city?
- Why not just pass a law that films can emit zero sewage? After all, the total benefits of zero emissions exceed the total costs.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
South Africa faces the triple challenge of poverty, inequality and unemployment and the national minimum wage debate has pulled on all three threads to make arguments for and against this policy. Discuss the theoretical implications of a national minimum wage, and touching on each of the three challenges South Africa faces, discuss some arguments for how this policy may affect them.
In the context of the article below, discuss the Minister’s position in light of the principles of fairness as they relate to taxation.
SA's work visa reform plans slowed by tax issues
South Africa’s plan to attract more professionals to its skills-starved economy through the introduction of a so-called nomad visa for remote workers has been slowed by the need to amend tax regulations.
The impediment comes after an initial delay when changes to the visa regime had to be temporarily withdrawn because mandatory public consultation procedures hadn’t been followed. President Cyril Ramaphosa announced his intention to introduce a remote-working visa in his 2022 state-of-the-nation address.
“There is just a tax-related matter that needs to be addressed in the regulations,” Leon Schreiber, the country’s Home Affairs Minister, said in a response to queries. “Once that is done, the department will commence with the rollout.”
South Africa’s byzantine work permit regime, which means…
Assume that an economy has an inflationary gap. Compare the use of fiscal policy with the use of monetary policy to remove the gap. Assume a closed economy. Use graphs to illustrate.
Chapter 12 Solutions
PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS
Ch. 12 - Identify the following situations as an example of...Ch. 12 - Identify whether the market supply curve will...Ch. 12 - For each of your answers to Exercise 12.2, will...Ch. 12 - Table 12.5 provides the supply and demand...Ch. 12 - Consider two approaches to reducing emissions of...Ch. 12 - Classify the following pollution-control policies...Ch. 12 - An emissions tax on a quantity of emissions from a...Ch. 12 - Four films called Elm, Maple, Oak, and (Shelly,...Ch. 12 - The rows in Table 12.7 show three market-oriented...Ch. 12 - Suppose a city releases 16 million gallons of raw...
Ch. 12 - The state of Colorado requires oil and gas...Ch. 12 - Consider the case of global environmental problems...Ch. 12 - A country called Sherwood is very heavily covered...Ch. 12 - What is an externality?Ch. 12 - Give an example of a positive externality and an...Ch. 12 - What is the difference between private costs and...Ch. 12 - In a market without environmental regulations,...Ch. 12 - What is command-and-control environmental...Ch. 12 - What are the three problems that economists have...Ch. 12 - What is a pollution charge and what incentive does...Ch. 12 - What is a marketable permit and what incentive...Ch. 12 - What are better-defined property rights and what...Ch. 12 - As the extent of environmental protection expands,...Ch. 12 - As the extent of environmental protection expands,...Ch. 12 - What are the economic tradeoffs between low-income...Ch. 12 - What arguments d0 low-income countries make in...Ch. 12 - In the tradeoff between economic output and...Ch. 12 - What does a point inside the production...Ch. 12 - Suppose you want to put a dollar value on the...Ch. 12 - Would environmentalists favor command-and-control...Ch. 12 - Consider two ways of protecting elephants from...Ch. 12 - Will a system of marketable permits work with...Ch. 12 - Is zero pollution possible under a marketable...Ch. 12 - Is zero pollution an optimal goal? Way or why not?Ch. 12 - From an economic perspective, is it sound policy...Ch. 12 - Recycling is a relatively inexpensive solution to...Ch. 12 - Can extreme levels of pollution hurt the economic...Ch. 12 - How can high-income countries benefit from...Ch. 12 - Technological innovations shift the production...Ch. 12 - Show the market for cigarettes in equilibrium,...Ch. 12 - Refer to Table 12.2. The externality created by...Ch. 12 - Table 12.12, shows the supply and demand...Ch. 12 - A city currently emits 15 million gallons (MG) of...Ch. 12 - In the Land of Purity, there is only one form of...
Additional Business Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
(NPV calculation) Calculate the NPV given the following free cash flows if the appropriate required rate of ret...
Foundations Of Finance
E6-14 Using accounting vocabulary
Learning Objective 1, 2
Match the accounting terms with the corresponding d...
Horngren's Accounting (12th Edition)
Small Business Analysis Purpose: To help you understand the importance of cash flows in the operation of a smal...
Financial Accounting, Student Value Edition (5th Edition)
1-13. Identify a product, either a good or a service, that will take advantage of this opportunity. Although yo...
Business Essentials (12th Edition) (What's New in Intro to Business)
The weaknesses of payback period method of calculation. Introduction: Every investment requires a time period t...
Gitman: Principl Manageri Finance_15 (15th Edition) (What's New in Finance)
The abandonment option can add value to a project. Introduction: Option to abandon is the withdrawal of the pro...
Corporate Finance (4th Edition) (Pearson Series in Finance) - Standalone book
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Suppose Person A is looking for a health insurance plan on Oregon's health insurance marketplace and they find one with the following details: Monthly Premium: $331 Deductible: $5,000 Primary care visit to treat injury or illness: $35 copay Imaging (CT/PET Scans MRIs): 40% coinsurance after deductible Ambulance: 40% coinsurance after deductible Inpatient hospital stay: 40% coinsurance after deductible Suppose further that Person A purchases this plan and it takes effect in January 2022. The cost Person A pays per month for this health insurance is equal to _. Person A must pay. before coinsurance kicks in. 0000 $35; $5,000 $35; $331 $331; $5,000 $331; $35 Multiple Choice 1 point Suppose Person A is looking for a health insurance plan on Oregon's health insurance marketplace and you find one with the following details: Monthly Premium: $331 Deductible: $5,000 Primary care visit to treat injury or illness: $35 copay Imaging (CT/PET Scans MRIs): 40% coinsurance after deductible Ambulance:…arrow_forwardUse the figure below to answer the following question. Point X and Y represent two non-ideal contracts that the individual is faced with buying. From this information, you can conclude that if given the option between points B and Y the individual would prefer: Utility A у в 0000 UKI) E[Bp IH point B- the actuarially fair and full contract point Y-the actuarially unfair but full contract point Y- the actuarially fair, but partial contract point B- the actuarially fair, but partial contract incomearrow_forward2. Another issue facing millennials is the growing income and wealth inequality. We will use our model to understand the implications of this issue. A. Begin from the baseline preferences and endowments. Assume Xavier is wealthier than Yuri. Xavier has an endowment of 1100 pounds for each period (E1=E2=1100). Yuri has an endowment of only 900 pounds in each period (E1=E2=900). Note that each period's market supply is unchanged (1100 + 900 = 1000 + 1000 = = 2000). Determine the equilibrium interest rate. r = % B. Begin from the baseline preferences and endowments. Assume Yuri is wealthier than Xavier. Xavier has an endowment of only 900 pounds in each period (E1=E2=900). Yuri has an endowment of 1100 pounds for each period (E1=E2=1100). Note that each period's market supply is unchanged (1100 + 900 = 1000 + 1000 = 2000). Determine the equilibrium interest rate. r = % C. Begin from the baseline preferences and endowments. A third person named Zena joins our economy. Zena is very…arrow_forward
- Use the figure below to answer the following question. Let I represent Income when health, let Is represent income when ill. Let E[I] represent expected income. Point D represents Utility 100000 B у いいつ income есва Ін Is the expected utility from income with no insurance an actuarially fair and partial contract an actuarially fair and full contract an actuarially unfair and full contract an actuarially unfair and partial contractarrow_forwardOutline the principles of opportunity cost and comparative advantage. Describe how these principles can be applied to address the scarcity of resources in a real-world scenario involving a company or industry.arrow_forwardNot use ai pleasearrow_forward
- 3. Consider the case of everyone being wealthier in the future, such as from a positive productivity shock (computers, internet, robotics, AI). A. Begin from the baseline preferences and endowments. Give both people an endowment of 1000 pounds for the first period and 1100 pounds for the second. AI increases the supply of second period goods by 10%. Note that there is now a total of 2000 pounds in the first period and 2200 pounds in the second. Determine the equilibrium interest rate. r = % B. Begin from the baseline preferences and endowments. Give both people an endowment of 1100 pounds for the first and 1100 pounds for the second periods. AI increases the supply in all periods by 10%. Note that there are now 2200 pounds in the first period and 2200 pounds in the second. Determine the equilibrium interest rate. r = % C. Explain how productivity and the real rate are connected. Write at least five sentences.arrow_forwardNot use ai pleasearrow_forwardNot use ai pleasearrow_forward
- Not use ai pleasearrow_forwardJim's Bank Account for the Year to 30 April 2008: We will start by calculating the balance of the business bank account, using the transactions provided. Opening Balance: Jim initially deposited €150,000 into his business bank account on 1 May 2007. Transactions: Receipts: Cash Sales (May 2007 to April 2008): €96,000 Credit Sales (Business customers): €19,600 (Note: This amount is not yet received as it is on credit, but it will be included in the Income Statement and not the bank balance at this stage.) Bank receipts from credit customers (amount owed at 30 April 2008): €6,800 Total Receipts:€96,000 (Cash Sales) + €6,800 (credit customer payments) = €102,800 Payments/Expenditures: Lease Payment (Paid in advance for five years): €50,000 Shop Fitting: €10,000 Assistant’s Wages: €250 per month × 12 months = €3,000 Telephone expenses: €800 Heat & Light expenses: €1,000 Jim’s withdrawals for personal expenditure: €1,000 × 12 months = €12,000 Accounting Fee (after the year-end):…arrow_forwardSolve the problemarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Essentials of Economics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781337091992Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Economics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781305585126Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Microeconomics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781305971493Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Economics, 7th Edition (MindTap Cou...EconomicsISBN:9781285165875Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage Learning
Essentials of Economics (MindTap Course List)
Economics
ISBN:9781337091992
Author:N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Economics (MindTap Course List)
Economics
ISBN:9781305585126
Author:N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Microeconomics (MindTap Course List)
Economics
ISBN:9781305971493
Author:N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Economics, 7th Edition (MindTap Cou...
Economics
ISBN:9781285165875
Author:N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher:Cengage Learning