(a)
Interpretation: For the given set of compounds, the net molecular dipole moment has to be indicated.
Concept Introduction: Dipole moment is the measure of net molecular polarity. Dipole moment can be determined experimentally and its value can give an idea of the polar character of a molecule. It is a vector quantity as it has a direction as well as magnitude.
The direction of dipole moment is usually represented by an arrow pointing from positive end towards the negative end. The sum of all vectors in a compound is called the molecular dipole moment. It can be given by considering both magnitude and the direction of each individual dipole moment involved in that compound.
If dipole moments of the individual bonds are equal in magnitude but in opposite direction, there is no net molecular dipole moment. If dipole moments of the individual bonds aren’t in opposite direction, there is a net molecular dipole moment.
According to VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, each molecule gets a unique structure. That structure is explained by considering steric number of that molecule. The steric number is the combination of both number of σ-bonds and number of lone pairs involved in a particular molecule.
σ-bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the two atoms. As a result, bond between two atoms is formed. This type of bond is called covalent bond. In this process, bonding electron pairs are involved. Non-bonding electrons are not involved in the bond formation. They are called lone pairs.
The geometry of the central atom will be determined by counting the steric number followed by the hybridization state of that central atom and finally electronic arrangement of atoms in space.
If the steric number is 4, the central atom has sp3 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be tetrahedral. If the steric number is 3, the central atom has sp2 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be trigonal planar. If the steric number is 2, the central atom has sp hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be linear.
To find: Indicate the direction of the net molecular dipole moment for the compound CHCl3
(b)
Interpretation: For the given set of compounds, the net molecular dipole moment has to be indicated.
Concept Introduction: Dipole moment is the measure of net molecular polarity. Dipole moment can be determined experimentally and its value can give an idea of the polar character of a molecule. It is a vector quantity as it has a direction as well as magnitude.
The direction of dipole moment is usually represented by an arrow pointing from positive end towards the negative end. The sum of all vectors in a compound is called the molecular dipole moment. It can be given by considering both magnitude and the direction of each individual dipole moment involved in that compound.
If dipole moments of the individual bonds are equal in magnitude but in opposite direction, there is no net molecular dipole moment. If dipole moments of the individual bonds aren’t in opposite direction, there is a net molecular dipole moment.
According to VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, each molecule gets a unique structure. That structure is explained by considering steric number of that molecule. The steric number is the combination of both number of σ-bonds and number of lone pairs involved in a particular molecule.
σ-bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the two atoms. As a result, bond between two atoms is formed. This type of bond is called covalent bond. In this process, bonding electron pairs are involved. Non-bonding electrons are not involved in the bond formation. They are called lone pairs.
The geometry of the central atom will be determined by counting the steric number followed by the hybridization state of that central atom and finally electronic arrangement of atoms in space.
If the steric number is 4, the central atom has sp3 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be tetrahedral. If the steric number is 3, the central atom has sp2 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be trigonal planar. If the steric number is 2, the central atom has sp hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be linear.
To find: Indicate the direction of the net molecular dipole moment for the compound (b)
(c)
Interpretation: For the given set of compounds, the net molecular dipole moment has to be indicated.
Concept Introduction: Dipole moment is the measure of net molecular polarity. Dipole moment can be determined experimentally and its value can give an idea of the polar character of a molecule. It is a vector quantity as it has a direction as well as magnitude.
The direction of dipole moment is usually represented by an arrow pointing from positive end towards the negative end. The sum of all vectors in a compound is called the molecular dipole moment. It can be given by considering both magnitude and the direction of each individual dipole moment involved in that compound.
If dipole moments of the individual bonds are equal in magnitude but in opposite direction, there is no net molecular dipole moment. If dipole moments of the individual bonds aren’t in opposite direction, there is a net molecular dipole moment.
According to VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, each molecule gets a unique structure. That structure is explained by considering steric number of that molecule. The steric number is the combination of both number of σ-bonds and number of lone pairs involved in a particular molecule.
σ-bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the two atoms. As a result, bond between two atoms is formed. This type of bond is called covalent bond. In this process, bonding electron pairs are involved. Non-bonding electrons are not involved in the bond formation. They are called lone pairs.
The geometry of the central atom will be determined by counting the steric number followed by the hybridization state of that central atom and finally electronic arrangement of atoms in space.
If the steric number is 4, the central atom has sp3 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be tetrahedral. If the steric number is 3, the central atom has sp2 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be trigonal planar. If the steric number is 2, the central atom has sp hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be linear.
To find: Indicate the direction of the net molecular dipole moment for the compound (c)
(d)
Interpretation: For the given set of compounds, the net molecular dipole moment has to be indicated.
Concept Introduction: Dipole moment is the measure of net molecular polarity. Dipole moment can be determined experimentally and its value can give an idea of the polar character of a molecule. It is a vector quantity as it has a direction as well as magnitude.
The direction of dipole moment is usually represented by an arrow pointing from positive end towards the negative end. The sum of all vectors in a compound is called the molecular dipole moment. It can be given by considering both magnitude and the direction of each individual dipole moment involved in that compound.
If dipole moments of the individual bonds are equal in magnitude but in opposite direction, there is no net molecular dipole moment. If dipole moments of the individual bonds aren’t in opposite direction, there is a net molecular dipole moment.
According to VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, each molecule gets a unique structure. That structure is explained by considering steric number of that molecule. The steric number is the combination of both number of σ-bonds and number of lone pairs involved in a particular molecule.
σ-bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the two atoms. As a result, bond between two atoms is formed. This type of bond is called covalent bond. In this process, bonding electron pairs are involved. Non-bonding electrons are not involved in the bond formation. They are called lone pairs.
The geometry of the central atom will be determined by counting the steric number followed by the hybridization state of that central atom and finally electronic arrangement of atoms in space.
If the steric number is 4, the central atom has sp3 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be tetrahedral. If the steric number is 3, the central atom has sp2 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be trigonal planar. If the steric number is 2, the central atom has sp hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be linear.
To find: Indicate the direction of the net molecular dipole moment for the compound (d)
(e)
Interpretation: For the given set of compounds, the net molecular dipole moment has to be indicated.
Concept Introduction: Dipole moment is the measure of net molecular polarity. Dipole moment can be determined experimentally and its value can give an idea of the polar character of a molecule. It is a vector quantity as it has a direction as well as magnitude.
The direction of dipole moment is usually represented by an arrow pointing from positive end towards the negative end. The sum of all vectors in a compound is called the molecular dipole moment. It can be given by considering both magnitude and the direction of each individual dipole moment involved in that compound.
If dipole moments of the individual bonds are equal in magnitude but in opposite direction, there is no net molecular dipole moment. If dipole moments of the individual bonds aren’t in opposite direction, there is a net molecular dipole moment.
According to VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, each molecule gets a unique structure. That structure is explained by considering steric number of that molecule. The steric number is the combination of both number of σ-bonds and number of lone pairs involved in a particular molecule.
σ-bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the two atoms. As a result, bond between two atoms is formed. This type of bond is called covalent bond. In this process, bonding electron pairs are involved. Non-bonding electrons are not involved in the bond formation. They are called lone pairs.
The geometry of the central atom will be determined by counting the steric number followed by the hybridization state of that central atom and finally electronic arrangement of atoms in space.
If the steric number is 4, the central atom has sp3 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be tetrahedral. If the steric number is 3, the central atom has sp2 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be trigonal planar. If the steric number is 2, the central atom has sp hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be linear.
To find: Indicate the direction of the net molecular dipole moment for the compound (e)
(f)
Interpretation: For the given set of compounds, the net molecular dipole moment has to be indicated.
Concept Introduction: Dipole moment is the measure of net molecular polarity. Dipole moment can be determined experimentally and its value can give an idea of the polar character of a molecule. It is a vector quantity as it has a direction as well as magnitude.
The direction of dipole moment is usually represented by an arrow pointing from positive end towards the negative end. The sum of all vectors in a compound is called the molecular dipole moment. It can be given by considering both magnitude and the direction of each individual dipole moment involved in that compound.
If dipole moments of the individual bonds are equal in magnitude but in opposite direction, there is no net molecular dipole moment. If dipole moments of the individual bonds aren’t in opposite direction, there is a net molecular dipole moment.
According to VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, each molecule gets a unique structure. That structure is explained by considering steric number of that molecule. The steric number is the combination of both number of σ-bonds and number of lone pairs involved in a particular molecule.
σ-bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the two atoms. As a result, bond between two atoms is formed. This type of bond is called covalent bond. In this process, bonding electron pairs are involved. Non-bonding electrons are not involved in the bond formation. They are called lone pairs.
The geometry of the central atom will be determined by counting the steric number followed by the hybridization state of that central atom and finally electronic arrangement of atoms in space.
If the steric number is 4, the central atom has sp3 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be tetrahedral. If the steric number is 3, the central atom has sp2 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be trigonal planar. If the steric number is 2, the central atom has sp hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be linear.
To find: Indicate the direction of the net molecular dipole moment for the compound (f)
(g)
Interpretation: For the given set of compounds, the net molecular dipole moment has to be indicated.
Concept Introduction: Dipole moment is the measure of net molecular polarity. Dipole moment can be determined experimentally and its value can give an idea of the polar character of a molecule. It is a vector quantity as it has a direction as well as magnitude.
The direction of dipole moment is usually represented by an arrow pointing from positive end towards the negative end. The sum of all vectors in a compound is called the molecular dipole moment. It can be given by considering both magnitude and the direction of each individual dipole moment involved in that compound.
If dipole moments of the individual bonds are equal in magnitude but in opposite direction, there is no net molecular dipole moment. If dipole moments of the individual bonds aren’t in opposite direction, there is a net molecular dipole moment.
According to VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, each molecule gets a unique structure. That structure is explained by considering steric number of that molecule. The steric number is the combination of both number of σ-bonds and number of lone pairs involved in a particular molecule.
σ-bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the two atoms. As a result, bond between two atoms is formed. This type of bond is called covalent bond. In this process, bonding electron pairs are involved. Non-bonding electrons are not involved in the bond formation. They are called lone pairs.
The geometry of the central atom will be determined by counting the steric number followed by the hybridization state of that central atom and finally electronic arrangement of atoms in space.
If the steric number is 4, the central atom has sp3 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be tetrahedral. If the steric number is 3, the central atom has sp2 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be trigonal planar. If the steric number is 2, the central atom has sp hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be linear.
To find: Indicate the direction of the net molecular dipole moment for the compound (g)
(h)
Interpretation: For the given set of compounds, the net molecular dipole moment has to be indicated.
Concept Introduction: Dipole moment is the measure of net molecular polarity. Dipole moment can be determined experimentally and its value can give an idea of the polar character of a molecule. It is a vector quantity as it has a direction as well as magnitude.
The direction of dipole moment is usually represented by an arrow pointing from positive end towards the negative end. The sum of all vectors in a compound is called the molecular dipole moment. It can be given by considering both magnitude and the direction of each individual dipole moment involved in that compound.
If dipole moments of the individual bonds are equal in magnitude but in opposite direction, there is no net molecular dipole moment. If dipole moments of the individual bonds aren’t in opposite direction, there is a net molecular dipole moment.
According to VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, each molecule gets a unique structure. That structure is explained by considering steric number of that molecule. The steric number is the combination of both number of σ-bonds and number of lone pairs involved in a particular molecule.
σ-bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the two atoms. As a result, bond between two atoms is formed. This type of bond is called covalent bond. In this process, bonding electron pairs are involved. Non-bonding electrons are not involved in the bond formation. They are called lone pairs.
The geometry of the central atom will be determined by counting the steric number followed by the hybridization state of that central atom and finally electronic arrangement of atoms in space.
If the steric number is 4, the central atom has sp3 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be tetrahedral. If the steric number is 3, the central atom has sp2 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be trigonal planar. If the steric number is 2, the central atom has sp hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be linear.
To find: Indicate the direction of the net molecular dipole moment for the compound (h)
(i)
Interpretation: For the given set of compounds, the net molecular dipole moment has to be indicated.
Concept Introduction: Dipole moment is the measure of net molecular polarity. Dipole moment can be determined experimentally and its value can give an idea of the polar character of a molecule. It is a vector quantity as it has a direction as well as magnitude.
The direction of dipole moment is usually represented by an arrow pointing from positive end towards the negative end. The sum of all vectors in a compound is called the molecular dipole moment. It can be given by considering both magnitude and the direction of each individual dipole moment involved in that compound.
If dipole moments of the individual bonds are equal in magnitude but in opposite direction, there is no net molecular dipole moment. If dipole moments of the individual bonds aren’t in opposite direction, there is a net molecular dipole moment.
According to VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, each molecule gets a unique structure. That structure is explained by considering steric number of that molecule. The steric number is the combination of both number of σ-bonds and number of lone pairs involved in a particular molecule.
σ-bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the two atoms. As a result, bond between two atoms is formed. This type of bond is called covalent bond. In this process, bonding electron pairs are involved. Non-bonding electrons are not involved in the bond formation. They are called lone pairs.
The geometry of the central atom will be determined by counting the steric number followed by the hybridization state of that central atom and finally electronic arrangement of atoms in space.
If the steric number is 4, the central atom has sp3 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be tetrahedral. If the steric number is 3, the central atom has sp2 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be trigonal planar. If the steric number is 2, the central atom has sp hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be linear.
To find: Indicate the direction of the net molecular dipole moment for the compound (i)
(j)
Interpretation: For the given set of compounds, the net molecular dipole moment has to be indicated.
Concept Introduction: Dipole moment is the measure of net molecular polarity. Dipole moment can be determined experimentally and its value can give an idea of the polar character of a molecule. It is a vector quantity as it has a direction as well as magnitude.
The direction of dipole moment is usually represented by an arrow pointing from positive end towards the negative end. The sum of all vectors in a compound is called the molecular dipole moment. It can be given by considering both magnitude and the direction of each individual dipole moment involved in that compound.
If dipole moments of the individual bonds are equal in magnitude but in opposite direction, there is no net molecular dipole moment. If dipole moments of the individual bonds aren’t in opposite direction, there is a net molecular dipole moment.
According to VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, each molecule gets a unique structure. That structure is explained by considering steric number of that molecule. The steric number is the combination of both number of σ-bonds and number of lone pairs involved in a particular molecule.
σ-bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the two atoms. As a result, bond between two atoms is formed. This type of bond is called covalent bond. In this process, bonding electron pairs are involved. Non-bonding electrons are not involved in the bond formation. They are called lone pairs.
The geometry of the central atom will be determined by counting the steric number followed by the hybridization state of that central atom and finally electronic arrangement of atoms in space.
If the steric number is 4, the central atom has sp3 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be tetrahedral. If the steric number is 3, the central atom has sp2 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be trigonal planar. If the steric number is 2, the central atom has sp hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be linear.
To find: Indicate the direction of the net molecular dipole moment for the compound (j)
(k)
Interpretation: For the given set of compounds, the net molecular dipole moment has to be indicated.
Concept Introduction: Dipole moment is the measure of net molecular polarity. Dipole moment can be determined experimentally and its value can give an idea of the polar character of a molecule. It is a vector quantity as it has a direction as well as magnitude.
The direction of dipole moment is usually represented by an arrow pointing from positive end towards the negative end. The sum of all vectors in a compound is called the molecular dipole moment. It can be given by considering both magnitude and the direction of each individual dipole moment involved in that compound.
If dipole moments of the individual bonds are equal in magnitude but in opposite direction, there is no net molecular dipole moment. If dipole moments of the individual bonds aren’t in opposite direction, there is a net molecular dipole moment.
According to VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, each molecule gets a unique structure. That structure is explained by considering steric number of that molecule. The steric number is the combination of both number of σ-bonds and number of lone pairs involved in a particular molecule.
σ-bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the two atoms. As a result, bond between two atoms is formed. This type of bond is called covalent bond. In this process, bonding electron pairs are involved. Non-bonding electrons are not involved in the bond formation. They are called lone pairs.
The geometry of the central atom will be determined by counting the steric number followed by the hybridization state of that central atom and finally electronic arrangement of atoms in space.
If the steric number is 4, the central atom has sp3 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be tetrahedral. If the steric number is 3, the central atom has sp2 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be trigonal planar. If the steric number is 2, the central atom has sp hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be linear.
To find: Indicate the direction of the net molecular dipole moment for the compound (k)
(l)
Interpretation: For the given set of compounds, the net molecular dipole moment has to be indicated.
Concept Introduction: Dipole moment is the measure of net molecular polarity. Dipole moment can be determined experimentally and its value can give an idea of the polar character of a molecule. It is a vector quantity as it has a direction as well as magnitude.
The direction of dipole moment is usually represented by an arrow pointing from positive end towards the negative end. The sum of all vectors in a compound is called the molecular dipole moment. It can be given by considering both magnitude and the direction of each individual dipole moment involved in that compound.
If dipole moments of the individual bonds are equal in magnitude but in opposite direction, there is no net molecular dipole moment. If dipole moments of the individual bonds aren’t in opposite direction, there is a net molecular dipole moment.
According to VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, each molecule gets a unique structure. That structure is explained by considering steric number of that molecule. The steric number is the combination of both number of σ-bonds and number of lone pairs involved in a particular molecule.
σ-bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the two atoms. As a result, bond between two atoms is formed. This type of bond is called covalent bond. In this process, bonding electron pairs are involved. Non-bonding electrons are not involved in the bond formation. They are called lone pairs.
The geometry of the central atom will be determined by counting the steric number followed by the hybridization state of that central atom and finally electronic arrangement of atoms in space.
If the steric number is 4, the central atom has sp3 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be tetrahedral. If the steric number is 3, the central atom has sp2 hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be trigonal planar. If the steric number is 2, the central atom has sp hybridized and the electronic arrangement of atoms in space (i.e. geometry) will be linear.
To find: Indicate the direction of the net molecular dipole moment for the compound (l)

Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Chapter 1 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- please provide the structure for this problem, thank youarrow_forwardpresented by Morallen Lig Intermine the hand product for the given mution by adding atoms, bonds, nonhonding diarion panda скуль Step 3: Comp the draw the product Step 2: Agama workup Compithe 429 ملولةarrow_forwardReaction A 0,0arrow_forward
- presented by Morillon Leaning Predict the organic product for the min кусур HSC Adithane carved arnown to come than that to the condon slchroruis in acid in in aquishri with ноюarrow_forward6.15PM Sun Mar 30 K Draw the major product of this reaction. Include any relevant stereochemistry. Ignore inorganic byproducts. Problem 1 of O H [PhзPCH2CH3]*C|¯ NaH Drawing > Q Atoms, Bonds and Draw or tap a nearrow_forward8:17 PM Sun Mar 30 Draw the major product of this reaction. Ignore inorganic byproducts. HSCH2CH2CH2SH, BF3 Probler Drawing Ato Bonds Clarrow_forward
- Name the major organic product of the following action of 4-chloro-4-methyl-1-pentanol in neutral pollution 10+ Now the product. The product has a molecular formula f b. In a singly hain, the starting, material again converts into a secule with the molecular kormula CIO. but with comply Draw the major organic structure inhalationarrow_forwardMacmillan Learning Alcohols can be oxidized by chromic acid derivatives. One such reagent is pyridinium chlorochromate, (C,H,NH*)(CICTO3), commonly known as PCC. Draw the proposed (neutral) intermediate and the organic product in the oxidation of 1-butanol by PCC when carried out in an anhydrous solvent such as CH₂C₁₂. PCC Intermediate OH CH2Cl2 Draw the intermediate. Select Draw Templates More с H Cr о Product Draw the product. Erase Select Draw Templates More H о Erasearrow_forwardIf I have 1-bromopropene, to obtain compound A, I have to add NaOH and another compound. Indicate which compound that would be. A C6H5 CH3arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY





