Bruce Ames and his colleagues have pointed out that although detailed toxicological analysis has been conducted on synthetic chemicals, almost no information is available about the mutagenic or carcinogenic effects of the toxins produced by plants as a natural defense against
- a. With the introduction of new foods into the U.S. diet over the last 200 years (mangoes, kiwi fruit, tomatoes, and so forth), has there been enough time for humans to develop resistance to the mutagenic effects of the toxins present in those foods?
- b. The natural pesticides present in plants constitute more than 99% of the toxins we eat. Should diet planning, especially for vegetarians, take into account the doses of toxins present in the diet?
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
- A unique aquatic plant was discovered from a lagoon in El Nido, Palawan. To determine the protein content of the plant, an adequate amount of the plant extract was acquired, and Bradford assay was performed. Determine the total protein concentration, in µg/mL, of the acquired plant extract. A bovine serum albumin (BSA) stock solution with a concentration of 250 µg/mL was used and mixtures with the following compositions and absorbance readings were prepared: Volume of BSA (mL) Volume of water (mL) Absorbance Tube # at 595 nm 1 0.00 2.00 0.000 2 0.20 1.80 0.112 3 0.40 1.60 0.225 4 0.60 1.40 0.318 5 0.80 1.20 0.432 6 1.00 1.00 0.551 The absorbance reading of the plant extract is 0.275.arrow_forwardThe questions are on the image.arrow_forwardGenetically modified organisms (GMOs) are used to create human growth hormone, insulin and clotting factor proteins that are used to treat dwarfism, diabetes and hemophilia respectively. Several crops such as corn and soybean have also been genetically modified in order to facilitate either the management or growth of these crops. Why do you think there is push back or opposition against the use of GM food crops but not in the use of products such as insulin, which is also created using GMOs?arrow_forward
- a. Why does a shift from grain to meat diets create more demand for cereals? b. What is the name of this emerging area of research where a 250kg cow produces 200g of protein every day but 250g of Methylophillus methylotrophus can produce 25 tonnes of protein? State the advantages of this area of research.arrow_forwardBriefly discuss the following concerns of Biotechnology;(i) Monoclonal antibodies technology versus gene technology for cancer treatment.(ii) Traditional plant breeding versus Gene technology: Which is the more efficient way for pesticide resistant crop production?(iii) Chemical technology versus Enzyme technology in industrial application.(iv) Are genetically modified organisms (GMOs) a threat to the environment?arrow_forwardDespite the introduction of many pest-resistant GM crops using molecular biolog and resistant genes, the usage of glyphosate has not been decreasing on conventional agriculture crops from the year 2000 to 2011. True Falsearrow_forward
- Discuss either (a) how allelopathy contributes to the invasiveness of spotted knapweed or (b) the difference between choice and non-choice experiments and how it relates to experiments on hyperaccumulating plants.arrow_forwardAgrobacterium tumefaciens is ... Question 61 options: a family of transposable elements found in maize (corn) that has been introduced into soybeans to improve yields. a naturally occurring bacterium that transfers DNA into plant cells, which researchers have modified into a tool for creating transgenic plants. a genetically modified tomato that has an increased shelf life. a bacteriophage (virus that infects bacteria) that can be used to silence the expression of specific target genes.arrow_forwardBovine somatotropin (BST) Is a growth hormone approved to use in the United States to increase milk production in dairy cattle. Currently, It's use is banned in Canada. Independent studies completed by the FDA and world health organization have concluded that milk and meat from cows treated with BST are safe for human consumption. Researchers have shown the trace amount of BST can be found in milk and meat produced by BST-treated cows. BST can also be found in milk from untreated cows as it is naturally produced in the Kouse pituitary gland. BST has the same function and cows as a human growth hormone does in humans. Charlie, and animal rights activist, was concerned with the use of BST and dairy cows. She argued that BST increases the likelihood of cancer and diabetes mellitus in cattle. Do you agree or disagree with her? Explain why you agree or disagree with Charlie.arrow_forward
- #23arrow_forwardWhat are the applications of nutritional genomics in nutraceutical industry to promote the development of functionally enhanced foods (eggs enhanced with omega-3 fatty acids) to improve health?arrow_forwardBt eggplant is a genetically-modified eggplant developed by Filipino scientists. It was developed to become pest-resistance containing the gene of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis which contains toxins that are lethal to some insects including the pest bollworm. Currently, it is under controversy because of a legal battle between its supporters and those who are against it. Should the government ban the production, commercialization and consumption of the said Product?arrow_forward
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning