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- A dolphin (Fig. P17.7) in seawater at a temperature of 25C emits a sound wave directed toward the ocean floor 150 m below. How much time passes before it hears an echo?arrow_forwardA sound wave is modeled with the wave function P=1.20Pasin(kx6.28104s1t) and the sound wave travels in air at a speed of v=343.00 m/s. (a) What is the wave number of the sound wave? (b) What is the value for P(3.00 m, 20.00 s)?arrow_forwardThe area of a typical eardrum is about 5.00 X 10-5 m2. (a) (Calculate the average sound power incident on an eardrum at the threshold of pain, which corresponds to an intensity of 1.00 W/m2. (b) How much energy is transferred to the eardrum exposed to this sound lor 1.00 mill?arrow_forward
- Suppose a bat uses sound echoes to locate its insect prey, 3.00 m away. (See Figure 17.10.) (a) Calculate the echo times for temperatures of 5.00°C and 35.0°C. (b) What percent uncertainty does this cause for the bat in locating the insect? (c) Discuss the significance of this uncertainty and whether it could cause difficulties for the bat. (In practice, the hat continues to use sound as it closes in, eliminating most of any dif?culties imposed by this and other effects, such as motion of the prey.) Figure 17.10 A bat uses sound echoes to find its way about and to catch prey. The time for the echo to return is directly proportional to the distance.arrow_forwardA pulse can be described as a single wave disturbance that moves through a medium. Consider a pulse that is defined at time t=0.00s by the equation y(s)=6.00m3x2+2.00m2 centered around x=0.00m . The pulse moves with a velocity of v=3.00m/s in the positive x-direction. (a) What is the amplitude of the pulse? (b) What is the equation of the pulse as a function of position and time? (c) Where is the pulse centered at time t=5.00s ?arrow_forwardThe displacement of the air molecules in sound wave is modeled with the wave function s(x,t)=5.00nmcos(91.54m1x3.14104s1t) . (a) What is the wave speed of the sound wave? (b) What is the maximum speed of the air molecules as they oscillate in simple harmonic motion? (c) What is the magnitude of the maximum acceleration of the air molecules as they oscillate in simple harmonic motion?arrow_forward
- Consider the following wave function in SI units: P(r,t)=(25.0r)sin(1.36r2030t) Explain how this wave function can apply to a wave radiating from a small source, with r being the radial distance from the center of the source to any point outside the source. Give the most detailed description of the wave that you can. Include answers to such questions as the following and give representative values for any quantities that can be evaluated. (a) Does the wave move more toward the right or the left? (b) As it moves away from the source, what happens to its amplitude? (c) Its speed? (d) Its frequency? (e) Its wavelength? (f) Its power? (g) Its intensity?arrow_forwardA pulse moving along the x axis can be modeled as the wave function y(x,t)=4.00me( x+( 2.00m/s )t 1.00m)2 . (a)What are the direction and propagation speed of the pulse? (b) How far has the wave moved in 3.00 s? (c) Plot the pulse using a spreadsheet at time t=0.00 s and t=3.00 s to verify your answer in part (b).arrow_forwardReview. A 150-g glider moves at v1 = 2.30 m/s on an air track toward an originally stationary 200-g glider as shown in Figure P16.53. The gliders undergo a completely inelastic collision and latch together over a time interval of 7.00 ms. A student suggests roughly half the decrease in mechanical energy of the two-glider system is transferred to the environment by sound. Is this suggestion reasonable? To evaluate the idea, find the implied sound level at a position 0.800 m from the gliders. If the students idea is unreasonable, suggest a better idea. Figure P16 53arrow_forward
- A physicist a1 a fireworks display times the lag between seeing an explosion and hearing its sound, and finds it to be 0.400 s. (a) How far away is the explosion if air temperature is 24.0°C and if you neglect the time taken for light to reach the physicist? (b) Calculate the distance to the explosion taking the speed of light into account. Note that this distance is negligibly greater.arrow_forwardA string on the violin has a length of 23.00 cm and a mass of 0.900 grams. The tension in the string 850.00 N. The temperature in the room is TC=24.00C . The string is plucked and oscillates in the n=9 mode. (a) What is the speed of the wave on the string? (b) What is the wavelength of the sounding wave produced? (c) What is the frequency of the oscillating string? (d) What is the frequency of the sound produced? (e) What is the wavelength of the sound produced?arrow_forwardEquation 16.40 states that at distance r away from a point source with power (Power)avg, the wave intensity is I=(Power)avg4r2 Study Figure 16.25 and prove that at distance r straight in front of a point source with power (Power)avg moving with constant speed vS the wave intensity is I=(Power)avg4r2(vvSv)arrow_forward
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