Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
It should be determine that what type of intermolecular forces must be overcome in converting from a liquid to a gas given carbon dioxide molecule.
Concept Introduction:
London dispersion force also called an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction is a temporary attractive force that results when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles.
Dipole-dipole interaction results when two dipolar molecules interact with each other through space, there occurs a partially negative charge of one of the polar molecules is attracted to the partially positive charge of the second polar molecule.
Ion-dipole interaction results of an electrostatic interaction between a charged ion and a molecule that has a dipole.
A hydrogen bonding is partially an electrostatic attraction between
(b).
Interpretation:
It should be determine that what type of intermolecular forces must be overcome in converting from a liquid to a gas given ammonia molecule.
Concept Introduction:
London dispersion force also called an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction is a temporary attractive force that results when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles.
Dipole-dipole interaction results when two dipolar molecules interact with each other through space, there occurs a partially negative charge of one of the polar molecules is attracted to the partially positive charge of the second polar molecule.
Ion-dipole interaction results of an electrostatic interaction between a charged ion and a molecule that has a dipole.
A hydrogen bonding is partially an electrostatic attraction between
(c).
Interpretation:
It should be determine that what type of intermolecular forces must be overcome in converting from a liquid to a gas given
Concept Introduction:
London dispersion force also called an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction is a temporary attractive force that results when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles.
Dipole-dipole interaction results when two dipolar molecules interact with each other through space, there occurs a partially negative charge of one of the polar molecules is attracted to the partially positive charge of the second polar molecule.
Ion-dipole interaction results of an electrostatic interaction between a charged ion and a molecule that has a dipole.
A hydrogen bonding is partially an electrostatic attraction between
(d).
Interpretation:
It should be determine that what type of intermolecular forces must be overcome in converting from a liquid to a gas given
Concept Introduction:
London dispersion force also called an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction is a temporary attractive force that results when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles.
Dipole-dipole interaction results when two dipolar molecules interact with each other through space, there occurs a partially negative charge of one of the polar molecules is attracted to the partially positive charge of the second polar molecule.
Ion-dipole interaction results of an electrostatic interaction between a charged ion and a molecule that has a dipole.
A hydrogen bonding is partially an electrostatic attraction between
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Chapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
- HF and HNO2 are both considered weak acids. Given the following K values for their dissociationequations, which is the weaker of these two weak acids?HF (aq) ⇌ H+(aq) + F –(aq) K=6.6 x10-4 HNO2 (aq) ⇌ H+(aq) + NO2–(aq) K=7.2 X 10-4arrow_forwardThe equilibrium constant for this reaction is 5.88 x 104. If concentration of the lead ion is 5.24 M, whatis the concentration of the chloride ion?Pb2+(aq) + 2 Cl- (aq) ⇌ PbCl2(s)arrow_forwardc. 1-propanoi 4. If you add chromate, an oxidizing agent, to each of the following, would a green Cr3+ solution be formed? a. 3-pentanol b. 2-methyl-2-butanol c. 1-propanol 5. If an alcohol solution has a pH of 5, would it be a primary alcohol, a secondary alcohol, a tertiary alcohol, or a phenol?arrow_forward
- Given the reaction: A(aq) + B(aq) ⇌ 2C(aq) + D(aq). 2.00 moles of each reactant were dissolved into 1.00 literof water. The reaction reached equilibrium, and at equilibrium the concentration of A was 1.60 M.A) Calculate the equilibrium concentrations for each substance. B) Write the equilibrium constant expression. C) Calculate the value for the equilibrium constant, Keq.arrow_forward1) Draw the structures of D-lysine and L-lysine and assign R/S configuration (showing your workings). 2) Draw the predominant ionisation forms of the free amino acid lysine, at pH 1.0, 8.0, and 11.0. pKa values: 2.2 (-COOH), 9.0 (α-NH3+), 10.5 (side-chain). 3) Calculate (showing your workings) the % of the different ionized species that are present in a 1.00 M solution of L-proline at pH = 10.0. pKa values: 1.95 (- COOH), 10.64 (α-NH3*). 4) a) Draw the tripeptide Tyr-Pro-Lys once with a trans peptide bond between Tyr and Pro and once with a cis peptide bond between Tyr and Pro. b) The electrospray ionization mass spectrum (ESI-MS) of the tripeptide you designed in part (a) shows peaks indicative of mono-protonation and di- protonation of the tripeptide. At what values of m/z would these peaks be expected (no fragmentation)? Briefly explain your answer (showing your workings). 5) How could the sequence of Ala-Met-Thr be distinguished from that of Thr-Ala- Met by tandem ESI-MS-MS?…arrow_forwardLABORATORY REPORT FORM Part I. Determination of the Formula of a Known Hydrate 1. Mass of empty evaporating dish 3. Mass of hydrate Using subtraction or mass by difference, find the mass of the hydrate 76.96 -75.40 75.40g 76.968 1.568 01.56 76.90 g 2. Mass of evaporating dish + hydrate 4. Mass of evaporating dish + hydrate (after heating) First 76.98 g Third 76.66g Second Fourth (if necessary) 76.60g 5. Mass of anhydrate 6. Mass of water lost by the hydrate 7. Percent of water of hydration (Show Calculations) 8. Moles of water (Show Calculations) mol mass of water = MM of water (g/m) 9. Moles of anhydrate (Show Calculations) 10. Ratio of moles of water to moles of anhydrate 11 F(Show Calculations) 11. Formula of hydrate - Mass of water (g) x 100 % water hydration g g % Mass of hydrate (9) x IC % = (Mass of hydrate- mass of an) mass of hydrate (g) % = (1.569- × 100= mol 1.569 mol Mol Mass of anhydrate/MM of anhydrate 12. What was the color of the hydrate? blue What was the color of the…arrow_forward
- compared t-critical with t-calculated and 95% confidence interval to answer this questionarrow_forwardComparing two means. Horvat and co-workers used atomic absorption spectroscopy to determine the concentration of Hg in coal fly ash. Of particular interest to the authors was developing an appropriate procedure for digesting samples and releasing the Hg for analysis. As part of their study they tested several reagents for digesting samples. Their results using HNO3 and using a 1+3 mixture of HNO3 and HCl are shown here. All concentrations are given as ppb Hg sample. HNO3: 161, 165, 160, 167, 166 1+3 HNO3–HCl: 159, 145, 140, 147, 143, 156 Determine whether there is a significant difference between these methods at the 95% confidence interval.arrow_forwardComparison of experimental data to “known” value. Monna and co-workers used radioactive isotopes to date sediments from lakes and estuaries.21 To verify this method they analyzed a 208Po standard known to have an activity of 77.5 decays/min, obtaining the following results. 77.09, 75.37, 72.42, 76.84, 77.84, 76.69, 78.03, 74.96, 77.54, 76.09, 81.12, 75.75 Do the results differ from the expected results at the 95% confidence interval?arrow_forward
- Explain the difference between the propagated uncertainty and the standard deviation. Which number would you use to describe the uncertainty in the measurement? if the standard deviation is 0.01 and the propagated uncertainty is 0.03arrow_forwardPropagation of uncertainty. Find the absolute and percent relative uncertainty assuming the ±-values are random error. 7.65±0.04 + 5.28±0.02 – 1.12±0.01 85.6±0.9 × 50.2±0.7 ÷ 13.8±0.5 [4.88±0.07 + 3.22±0.05] / 1.53±0.02arrow_forwardExplain the difference between the propagated uncertainty and the standard deviation. Which number would you use to describe the uncertainty in the measurement?arrow_forward
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning