Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781133939146
Author: Katz, Debora M.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 11, Problem 48PQ
To determine
The kinetic energy of the Jupiter and speed of the gravitational slingshot of the Jupiter planet.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Consider the observation that the acceleration due to the gravitational force acting on a mass around a host planet decreases with the square of the separation between the objects. We can ask ourselves: why is it still accurate to consider a gravitational acceleration value of 9.8\frac{m}{s^2}9.8s2m for all of our projectile motion problems and all of our gravitational potential energy from prior modules?
Let's analyze a situation and justify this analysis method: consider an object being launched from ground level to an altitude of 10,000 meters, roughly the cruising altitude of most jet liners, and far above our everyday experiences on Earth's surface. Compare the gravitational acceleration of the object at Earth's surface (the radius of Earth is about r_E=6.37\times10^6mrE=6.37×106m) to the acceleration value at the 10,000 meter altitude by determining the following ratio: g10,000m/gsurface
A comet orbits a star of mass M = 10^30 kg on an elliptical orbit. At apoapsis(furthest point from the star), the comet is d = 10^15 m from the star, and travels with a speed of v = 10 km/s. What is the comet’s speed at periapsis (closest point to the star) where it is at a distance of d = 10^12 m. Derive a general equation for the comet’s speed, v, before calculating the specific value
I keep getting this wrong despite working it out many times. Can I please get some insight on the right approach?
A team of astronauts is on a mission to land on and explore a large asteroid. In addition to collecting samples and performing experiments, one of their tasks is to demonstrate the concept of the escape speed by throwing rocks straight up at various initial speeds. With what minimum initial speed ?esc will the rocks need to be thrown in order for them never to "fall" back to the asteroid? Assume that the asteroid is approximately spherical, with an average density ?=3.32×106 g/m3 and volume ?=2.40×1012 m3 . Recall that the universal gravitational constant is ?=6.67×10−11 N·m2/kg2 .
Answer in m/s
Chapter 11 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
Ch. 11.1 - Forensic Science Forensic science is the...Ch. 11.2 - Why does a coach instruct a gymnast to bend her...Ch. 11.3 - When two objects collide, the impulse exerted on...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 11.4CECh. 11.5 - If a spacecraft is headed for the outer solar...Ch. 11.6 - The cue ball hits the eight-ball in a game of pool...Ch. 11 - When a spacecraft collides with a planet, it is...Ch. 11 - When a person feels that he is about to fall, he...Ch. 11 - A tall man walking at 1.25 m/s accidentally bumps...Ch. 11 - Prob. 4PQ
Ch. 11 - A basketball of mass m = 625 g rolls off the hoops...Ch. 11 - Prob. 6PQCh. 11 - Sven hits a baseball (m = 0.15 kg). He applies an...Ch. 11 - Prob. 8PQCh. 11 - Prob. 9PQCh. 11 - In a laboratory, a cart collides with a wall and...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11PQCh. 11 - A Show that Equation 11.4 (the impulsemomentum...Ch. 11 - A crate of mass M is initially at rest on a level,...Ch. 11 - Prob. 14PQCh. 11 - Two pucks in a laboratory are placed on an air...Ch. 11 - A truck collides with a small, empty parked car....Ch. 11 - Prob. 17PQCh. 11 - Prob. 18PQCh. 11 - A skater of mass m standing on ice throws a stone...Ch. 11 - A skater of mass 45.0 kg standing on ice throws a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 21PQCh. 11 - In a laboratory experiment, 1 a block of mass M is...Ch. 11 - Ezra (m = 25.0 kg) has a tire swing and wants to...Ch. 11 - A suspicious physics student watches a stunt...Ch. 11 - A 2.45-kg ball is shot into a 0.450-kg box that is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 26PQCh. 11 - Prob. 27PQCh. 11 - Prob. 28PQCh. 11 - A dart of mass m is fired at and sticks into a...Ch. 11 - A dart of mass m = 10.0 g is fired at and sticks...Ch. 11 - A bullet of mass m = 8.00 g is fired into and...Ch. 11 - Prob. 32PQCh. 11 - A bullet of mass m is fired into a ballistic...Ch. 11 - Prob. 34PQCh. 11 - One object (m1 = 0.200 kg) is moving to the right...Ch. 11 - Prob. 36PQCh. 11 - Prob. 37PQCh. 11 - Prob. 38PQCh. 11 - Two objects collide head-on (Fig. P11.39). The...Ch. 11 - Initially, ball 1 rests on an incline of height h,...Ch. 11 - Initially, ball 1 rests on an incline of height h,...Ch. 11 - In an attempt to produce exotic new particles, a...Ch. 11 - Pendulum bob 1 has mass m1. It is displaced to...Ch. 11 - Prob. 44PQCh. 11 - Prob. 45PQCh. 11 - Prob. 46PQCh. 11 - Prob. 47PQCh. 11 - Prob. 48PQCh. 11 - Two skateboarders, with masses m1 = 75.0 kg and m2...Ch. 11 - In a laboratory experiment, an electron with a...Ch. 11 - In Figure P11.51, a cue ball is shot toward the...Ch. 11 - A proton with an initial speed of 2.00 108 m/s in...Ch. 11 - A football player of mass 95 kg is running at a...Ch. 11 - Two bumper cars at the county fair are sliding...Ch. 11 - Two bumper cars at the county fair are sliding...Ch. 11 - Prob. 56PQCh. 11 - N A bomb explodes into three pieces A, B, and C of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 58PQCh. 11 - An object of mass m = 4.00 kg that is moving with...Ch. 11 - A wooden block of mass M is initially at rest at...Ch. 11 - Prob. 61PQCh. 11 - Prob. 62PQCh. 11 - In an experiment designed to determine the...Ch. 11 - From what might be a possible scene in the comic...Ch. 11 - Prob. 65PQCh. 11 - Two pucks in a laboratory are placed on an air...Ch. 11 - Assume the pucks in Figure P11.66 stick together...Ch. 11 - Prob. 68PQCh. 11 - Prob. 69PQCh. 11 - A ball of mass 50.0 g is dropped from a height of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 71PQCh. 11 - A pendulum consists of a wooden bob of mass M...Ch. 11 - Three runaway train cars are moving on a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 74PQCh. 11 - Rutherford fired a beam of alpha particles (helium...Ch. 11 - Prob. 76PQCh. 11 - Prob. 77PQCh. 11 - February 3, 2009, was a very snowy day along...Ch. 11 - A cart filled with sand rolls at a speed of 1.0...Ch. 11 - Prob. 80PQCh. 11 - Prob. 81PQCh. 11 - Prob. 82PQCh. 11 - Prob. 83PQCh. 11 - Prob. 84PQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Consider a spherical planet of mass M and radius R. How much energy is required to take a rocket of mass m from rest on the surface of the planet to a circular orbit a height h above the surface? (You may not assume h is small).arrow_forwardA spaceship needs a lot of fuel to reach the geostationary orbit. Compute the required height for a geostationary orbit and the potential energy for one kilogram (the potential of the geostationary orbit). Compare that value to the energy content of rocket fuels, i.e. energy per kilogram. What is the potential to leave our planet completely?arrow_forwardA rocket is fired ‘vertically’ from the surface of mars with a speed of 2 km s-1. If 20% of its initial energy is lost due to martian atmospheric resistance, how far will the rocket go from the surface of mars before returning to it ? Mass of mars = 6.4×1023 kg; radius of mars = 3395 km; G = 6.67×10-11 N m2 kg-2.arrow_forward
- A satellite is traveling around a planet in a circular orbit with radius R. It moves in a constant speed of v = 1.1 × 104 m/s. The mass of the planet is M = 6.04 × 1024 kg. The mass of the satellite is m = 1.2 × 103 kg. First, find an expression for the gravitational potential energy PE in terms of G, M, m, and R. a)Calculate the value of PE in joules. b)Enter an expression for the total energy E of the satellite in terms of m and v. c)Calculate the value of the total energy E in joules.arrow_forwardOne way astrophysicists have identifi ed “extrasolar” planets orbiting distant stars is by observing redshifts or blueshifts in the star’s spectrum due to the fact that he star and planet each revolve around their common center of mass. Consider a star the size of our sun (mass 1.99 x 1030 kg), with a planet the size of Jupiter(1.90 x 1027 kg) in a circular orbit of radius 7.79 x 1011 m and a period of 11.9 years. (a) Find the speed of the star revolving around the system’s center of mass. (b) Assume that Earth is in the planet’s orbital plane, so that at one point in its orbit the star is moving directly toward Earth, and at the opposite point it moves directly away from Earth. How much is 550-nm light redshifted and blueshifted at those two extreme points?arrow_forwardYou are out on a date, eating dinner in a restaurant that has several television screens. Most of the screens are showing sports events, but one near you and your date is showing a discussion of an upcoming voyage to Mars. (a) Your date says, “I wonder how long it takes to get to Mars?” Wanting to impress your date, you grab a napkin and draw as shownon it. Even more impressively, you tell your date that the minimum-energy transfer orbit from Earth to Mars is an elliptical trajectory with the departure planet corresponding to the perihelion of the ellipse and the arrival planet at the aphelion. You pull out your smartphone, activate the calculator feature, and perform a calculation on another napkin to answer the question above that your date asked about the transfer time interval to Mars on this particular trajectory. (b) What If? Your date is impressed, but then asks you to determine the transit time to an inner planet, like Venus.arrow_forward
- A 5000 kg spacecraft is in a circular orbit 2000 km above the surface of Mars. How much work must the spacecraft engines perform to move the spacecraft to a circular orbit that is 4000 km above the surface?arrow_forwardA satellite is traveling around a planet in a circular orbit with radius R. It moves in a constant speed of v = 1.1 × 104 m/s. The mass of the planet is M = 6.04 × 1024 kg. The mass of the satellite is m = 1.2 × 103 kg. a)Enter an expression for the kinetic energy KE of the satellite in terms of m and v. Calculate the value of KE in joules. b)Enter an expression for the magnitude of the gravitational force F in terms of M, R, m and the gravitational constant G. c)Enter an expression for the centripetal acceleration of the satellite ac in terms of the speed of the satellite, v, and R.arrow_forwardA 5.00 kg satellite is launched from the north pole into a circular orbit 800 km above the surface of the earth. How much energy is required to achieve this orbit? (The following set of questions will guide you to the answer.) Me = 5.98x1024 kg; Re = 6.37x106 m. G = 6.67x10-11 N m2/ kg2. Note: The problem specifies that the satellite is being launched from the north pole so that we can ignore the initial circular motion and initial kinetic energy as it rotates once every day. In reality, space agencies choose to launch rockets from southern latitudes to take advantage of the initial velocity they have due to this motion. a. calculate the change in gravitational potential energy. (Give your answer in MJ.) b. What is the gravitational force on the satellite? (Give your answer in N.) c. What is the velocity of the satellite? (Give your answer in m/s.) Note: The weight force is equal to m v2/R. d. What is the kinetic energy in this orbit? (Give your answer in MJ.) e. how much total energy…arrow_forward
- (D Page view A Read aloud V Draw y Highlight Erasearrow_forwardTwo Martian satellites, A and B, are in circular orbits around Mars’ center. Satellite A orbits at an altitude of 4200 km, and satellite B orbits at an altitude of 12,600 km. The mass of each satellite is 950kg. a. What are the potential energies of the two satellites? (Note, altitude is measured from the surface of a planet, but the distances in the expressions for force/energy/field are measured from the center of the planet.) b.What are the kinetic energies of the two satellites? c. How much work would be required to move satellite A to the orbit of satellite B?arrow_forwardThe star Sirus A has a mass of 2.06 MO and a radius of 1.71 RO, where M0 is the mass of the Sun (1.988 x 1030 kg) and RO is the radius of the Sun (6.96 x 105 km). (a) Sketch the gravitational potential of Sirus A, which a hydrogen particle would experience at distances where r is greater than the radius of Sirus A. (b) Calculate the gravitational potential energy of the particle-star system when the hydrogen particle has reached a distance of 10 RO. Note the atomic mass of hydrogen is 1.0079 amu.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Physics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...
Physics
ISBN:9781337553292
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning