The given true statement has to be identified and false statements are to be corrected. Concept Introduction: Colligative properties of a substance include the depression in the freezing point, elevation of boiling-point and osmotic pressure. These are dependant only on the number present and not based on the solute particles present in an ideal solution. These properties have a direct relationship to the solute particles, and therefore the colligative properties are useful for identifying the nature of solute particles and also calculating the molar masses of substances.

Question

Hydrogen bonding in water plays a key role in its physical properties. Assume that the energy required to break a hydrogen bond is approximately 8 kJ/mol. Consider a simplified two-state model where a "formed" hydrogen bond is in the ground state and a "broken" bond is in the excited state. Using this model: • Calculate the fraction of broken hydrogen bonds at T = 300 K, and also at T = 273 K and T = 373 K. • At what temperature would approximately 50% of the hydrogen bonds be broken? • What does your result imply about the accuracy or limitations of the two-state model in describing hydrogen bonding in water? Finally, applying your understanding: • Would you expect it to be easier or harder to vaporize water at higher temperatures? Why? If you were to hang wet laundry outside, would it dry more quickly on a warm summer day or on a cold winter day, assuming humidity is constant?

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Question

Chapter 11, Problem 27Q

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given true statement has to be identified and false statements are to be corrected.

Concept Introduction:

Colligative properties of a substance include the depression in the freezing point, elevation of boiling-point and osmotic pressure. These are dependant only on the number present and not based on the solute particles present in an ideal solution. These properties have a direct relationship to the solute particles, and therefore the colligative properties are useful for identifying the nature of solute particles and also calculating the molar masses of substances.

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