Chapter 11, Problem 24E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The potential of the galvanic cell containing a saturated calomel electrode and the given half-cell components at standard condition need to be determined.

Concept Introduction:Standard calomel electrode is a reference electrode. Reference electrode has a standard electrode potential. Reference electrode is often used in an electrochemical cell as a half-cell.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The potential of the galvanic cell containing a saturated calomel electrode and the given half-cell components at standard condition need to be determined.

Concept Introduction:A chemical cell converts the chemical energy into the potential energy. Here, certain chemical reaction takes place that allows current to flow. Two such important cells are galvanic cell and electrolytic cell.

A Galvanic cell converts chemical energy to electrical energy. It provides electrical current through a redox reaction to the transfer of electron.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The potential of the galvanic cell containing a saturated calomel electrode and the given half-cell components at standard condition need to be determined.

Concept Introduction:Cell potential is the difference in potential between its cathode and anode.

The overall cell potential can be calculated by using the equation,

  ${\text{E}}^{\text{0}}{}_{\text{Cell}}{\text{= E}}^{\text{0}}{}_{\text{reduced}}-{\text{ E}}^{\text{0}}{}_{\text{oxidised}}$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The potential of the galvanic cell containing a saturated calomel electrode and the given half-cell components at standard condition need to be determined.

Concept Introduction:Cell potential I is defined as the electrical work that can be obtained from the electrochemical cell given by the $\Delta \text{G}$ (Gibbs Free Energy)

Process is spontaneous if ${\text{E}}^{\text{0}}{}_{\text{cell}}>0$

Process is non-spontaneous if ${\text{E}}^{\text{0}}{}_{\text{cell}}<0$

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The potential of the galvanic cell containing a saturated calomel electrode and the given half-cell components at standard condition need to be determined.

Concept Introduction:The overall cell potential can be calculated by using the equation,

  ${\text{E}}^{\text{0}}{}_{\text{Cell}}{\text{= E}}^{\text{0}}{}_{\text{reduced}}-{\text{ E}}^{\text{0}}{}_{\text{oxidised}}$

In order for an electrochemical cell to operate simultaneously, the cell potential must be a positive value.