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What are the adverse health and environmental effects associated with each of the following?
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Chemistry In Focus
- Why does ozone deplete severely over Antarctica each October, but not over other areas of the planet?arrow_forwardPropane, C3H8, is a hydrocarbon that is commonly used as a fuel. (a) Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of propane gas. (b) Calculate the volume of air at 25 C and 1.00 atmosphere that is needed to completely combust 25.0 grams of propane. Assume that air is 21.0 percent O2 by volume. (Hint: we will see how to do this calculation in a later chapter on gasesfor now use the information that 1.00 L of air at 25 C and 1.00 atm contains 0.275 g of 2 per liter.) (c) The heat of combustion of propane is 2,219.2 kJ/mol. Calculate the heat of formation, Hf of propane given that Hf of H2O(l)=285.8 kJ/mol and Hf of CO2(g)=393.5 kJ/mol. (d) Assuming that all of the heat released in burning 25.0 grams of propane is transferred to 4.00 kilograms of water, calculate the increase in temperature of the water.arrow_forwardWhat is the biological importance of stratospheric ozone? Explain.arrow_forward
- Dinitrogen monoxide, N2O (commonly called nitrous oxide), is prepared by the careful decomposition of ammonium nitrate and is used as an oxidizing agent in rocket engines as well as a weak general anesthetic (where you may know it as laughing gas). However, it is also known to be a powerful greenhouse gas. In a Science magazine article, it was stated that Human activities may be causing an unprecedented rise in the terrestrial N2O source. Marine N2O production may also rise substantially as result of eutrophication, warming and ocean acidification. [L. A. Codispoti, Science, Vol. 327, pp. 1339-1340, 2010.] The powerful greenhouse gas N2O is used as a propellant in cans of instant whipped cream. (a) Draw a Lewis electron dot structure for N2O, and specify the formal charge on each atom and the molecular geometry. (b) The atom connections are NNO. Why is the connection NON not likely? The highest N2O concentration observed in the ocean is about 800 nM (nanomolar). At this concentration, what is the mass of N2O per liter?arrow_forwardWarming of the atmosphere is due to the greenhouse effect. What is responsible for this phenomenon? a. The CO2 level in the atmosphere is increased b. The global temperature is decreased tremendously c. There is a widespread destruction on the green color of plants. d. The amount of oxygen in the atmosphere is greatly affected.arrow_forwardM 16 16 16 16 TTTTT 10 Chemical bond that forms between nonmetal atom and a metalloid atom. A. Ionic bond B. Covalent bond 11 Which element is the best conductor of electricity? A. Copper B. Gold C. Silver A. Tensile strength B. Malleability 12 Metals can be stretched or spun into thin wire. What is this property called? C. Conductivity D. Ductility A. Tensile strength B. Malleability C. Metallic bond D. Hydrogen bond Metals can be flattened and shaped by pounding or molding. What is this property 13 called? A. Flammability B. Silvery color 14 Which is NOT a property of most transition metals? A. Hydrogen B. Boron C. Conductivity D. Ductility A. Hydrogen B. Boron Which element's atoms will not form an octet, but will be stable in a covalent 15 compound with six valence electrons. D. Lead C. High density D. High melting point temperature C. Lithium D. Nitrogen Which element's atoms will not form an octet, but will be stable in a covalent 16 compound with two valence electrons. A. 4…arrow_forward
- The ozone concentration at a monitoring site is measured as 0,11 ppm, at 25 °C and 1 atm. What is the concentration (in pg/m3) at 25 °C and 1 atm? (MW of ozone is 48)a. 155 pg/m3b. 190 pg/m3c. 215 pg/m3d. 260 pg/m3arrow_forwardThe possible product, which results during burning of Mg in air is: a. NH3 b. MgO с. Mg(ОН)2 o d. M92N3 e. MgN2arrow_forward15. The risk due to hazardous substance like DDT is a function of: Select one: A. The exposure to the substance B. The hazard level of the substance C. The exposure to and the hazard level of the substance D. The exposure to, the hazard level of the substance and DDT concentration E. None of the suggested answersarrow_forward
- Select the combination which can cause a fire or explosion O a. High concentration of Methane (CH4) in the area + impact of two hard metals which can cause a spark + sufficient oxygen O b. No oxygen in the area + spark O . Olive oil + water O d. Plastics + rain O e. Gasoline + H20arrow_forwardWhich of the following combinations of chemicals will result in a potentially explosive mixture? Select one: a. SiO2 and CH4(g) b. Sc(NO3)3 and Mg(ClO4)2 c. Ga and O3 d. HF(aq) and Ca3(PO4)2arrow_forward24arrow_forward
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