Statistics: The Art and Science of Learning from Data (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780321997838
Author: Alan Agresti, Christine A. Franklin, Bernhard Klingenberg
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 1.1, Problem 1PB
Aspirin and heart attacks The Harvard Medical School study mentioned in Scenario 2 included about 22,000 male physicians. Whether a given individual would be assigned to take aspirin or the placebo was determined by flipping a coin. As a result, about 11,000 physicians were assigned to take aspirin and about 11,000 to take the placebo. The researchers summarized the results of the experiment by using percentages. Of the physicians taking aspirin, 0.9% had a heart attack, compared to 1.7% of those taking the placebo. Based on the observed results, the study authors concluded that taking aspirin reduces the risk of having a heart attack. Specify the aspect of this study that pertains to (a) design, (b) description, and (c) inference.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
An education researcher is interested in the effect of violent television programs on a child’s aggression. Forty children were recruited and were divided into two groups. Half of the children watched a violent television program while the other half watched a non-violent program. The children were then placed in a small group and the researcher rated the level of aggressiveness of each child. Which statistical test would be best to determine if there is a significant difference between groups?
Sample surveys on sensitive issues can give different results depending on how the question is asked. A University of Wisconsin study randomly divided 2400 respondents into three groups. All participants were asked if they had ever used cocaine. One group of 800 was interviewed by phone; 21% said they had used cocaine. Another 800 people were asked the question in a one-on-one personal interview; 25% said “Yes.” The remaining 800 were allowed to make an anonymous written response; 28% said “Yes.”101. Was this an experiment or an observational study? Justify your answer.2. Make a two-way table of responses about cocaine use by how the survey was administered.3. Are the differences between the three groups statistically significant? Give appropriate evidence to support your answer
Four scenarios of statistical studies are given below. Decide which study uses a sample
statistic.
A) An estimated 15% of Americans don't use the internet.
B) Parkland Hospital performs 15,000 births a year. Of 1000 subjects in a study on
multiple births, 38 gave birth to twins.
). A poll of the entire student body found that 32% of students at Wilson Abner
College voted in the last presidential election.
D) In 2001, 78% of children diagnosed with cancer were in remission after five years,
and this number is improving.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Statistics: The Art and Science of Learning from Data (4th Edition)
Ch. 1.1 - Aspirin and heart attacks The Harvard Medical...Ch. 1.1 - Poverty and race The Current Population Survey...Ch. 1.1 - GSS and heaven Go to the General Social Survey...Ch. 1.1 - GSS and heaven and hell Refer to the previous...Ch. 1.1 - GSS for subject you pick At the GSS website, click...Ch. 1.2 - Description and inference a. Distinguish between...Ch. 1.2 - Censorship The General Social Survey in 2012 asked...Ch. 1.2 - Concerned about global warming? The Institute for...Ch. 1.2 - Graduate school information Suppose a liberal arts...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 10PB
Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 11PBCh. 1.2 - At what age did women marry? A historian wants to...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 13PBCh. 1.2 - National service Consider the population of all...Ch. 1.2 - Samples vary less with more data Well see that the...Ch. 1.2 - Comparing polls The following table shows the...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 18PBCh. 1.2 - Smoking cessation A study published in 2010 in The...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 20PBCh. 1.3 - Shopping sales data file Construct a data file...Ch. 1.3 - Sample with caution Individuals with children who...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 23PBCh. 1.3 - Use a data file with software You may need to...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 25PBCh. 1.3 - Ebola outbreaks Ebola virus disease outbreaks have...Ch. 1 - UW Student survey In a University of Wisconsin...Ch. 1 - Euthanasia The General Social Survey asked, in...Ch. 1 - Prob. 30CPCh. 1 - Breaking down Brown versus Whitman Example 2 of...Ch. 1 - Online learning Your university is interested in...Ch. 1 - Prob. 33CPCh. 1 - Prob. 34CPCh. 1 - Prob. 35CPCh. 1 - True or false? In a particular study, you could...Ch. 1 - Prob. 39CPCh. 1 - Prob. 40CP
Additional Math Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Four different beverages are sold at a fast-food restaurant: soft drinks, tea, coffee, and bottled water. a. Ex...
Basic Business Statistics, Student Value Edition
In Exercises 5-36, express all probabilities as fractions.
23. Combination Lock The typical combination lock us...
Elementary Statistics
The manufacturer of a nationally distributed brand of potato chips wants to determine the feasibility of changi...
Basic Business Statistics, Student Value Edition (13th Edition)
Alvie Singer lives at 0 in the accompanying diagram and has four friends who live at A, B, C, and D. One day Al...
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences
In Exercises 9-20, use the data in the following table, which lists drive-thru order accuracy at popular fast f...
Elementary Statistics (13th Edition)
(a) For each data set, find the mean, median, and mode. (b) Discuss anything about the data that affects the us...
APPLIED STAT.IN BUS.+ECONOMICS
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- List the sample space of each experiment. Picking a one-digit numberarrow_forwardDr. Ngo would like to know whether there is a relationship between the number of minutes per day that a person spends in prayer or quiet meditation and the degree of conflict that they have in their interpersonal relationships. He asks participants to complete an assessment of interpersonal conflict, with scores ranging from 1 (very low interpersonal conflict) to 50 (very high interpersonal conflict). He collects data from a random sample of 10 participants. The data is as follows: Participant Minutes in Prayer/Meditation Conflict in Relationships 1 3 25 2 30 14 3 0 29 4 23 21 5 5 32 6 16 6 7 0 43 8 18 12 9 7 37 10 27 19 Using SPSS, conduct the appropriate analysis. Interpret and report the results of your analysis in APA style.arrow_forwardWhat is the variable of interest? Whether or not a patient is satisfied with the level of care. Whether or not all the patients like the doctor. The sample proportion of patients satisfied with the service Whether or not a patient likes the doctor. The number of patients that are satisfied with the servisearrow_forward
- If conducting an experiment, how important is having a representative sample of subjects? Will college students suffice?arrow_forwardIn 1945, an organization surveyed 1100 adults and asked, "Are you a total abstainer from, or do you on occasion consume, alcoholic beverages?" Of the 1100 adults surveyed, 352 indicated that they were total abstainers. In a recent survey, the same question was asked of 1100 adults and 275 indicated that they were total abstainers. Complete parts (a) and (b) below. A. The samples are independent. B. The sample size is less than 5% of the population size for each sample. C. The sample size is more than 5% of the population size for each sample. D. The data come from a population that is normally distributed. YE nipi (1-P1) 2 10 and ngi2 (1-P2) 2 10 1-p. F. The samples are dependent. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses for this test. Let p, represent the population proportion of 1945 adults who were total abstainers and p2 represent the population proportion of recent adults who were total abstainers. Determine the null and alternative hypotheses. Но Р1 = P2 H1: P1 # P2 Find the…arrow_forwardA newspaper reported on the results of an opinion poll in which adults were asked what one thing they are most likely to do when they are home sick with a cold or the flu. In the survey, 62% said that they are most likely to sleep and 13% said that they would watch television. Although the sample size was not reported, typically opinion polls include approximately 1,000 randomly selected respondents. Question content area bottom Part 1 a. Assuming a sample size of 1,000 for this poll, construct a 90% confidence interval for the true percentage of all adults who would choose to sleep when they are at home sick. The 90% confidence interval is (enter your response here,enter your response here).arrow_forward
- Mrs. Torres wants to know how many students wear their uniforms. In order to gather data, she stands by the front door and records each student. Identify the data-gathering technique described above: a. Observational Study b. Randomized Experiment c. Survey d. All of the abovearrow_forwardPeople with headaches are randomly divided into two groups. One group gets pain medication, and the other does not. One hour later, the participants are asked about their pain. Is it an experimental study or an observational study?arrow_forwardThe recidivism rate for convicted sex offenders is 16%. A warden suspects that this percent is higher if the sex offender is also a drug addict. Of the 378 convicted sex offenders who were also drug addicts, 72 of them became repeat offenders. What can be concluded at the a = 0.10 level of significance? a. For this study, we should use Select an answer b. The null and alternative hypotheses would be: Ho: ? v Select an answer (please enter a decimal) H1:? v Select an answer (Please enter a decimal) c. The test statistic ? v = (please show your answer to 3 decimal places.) d. The p-value (Please show your answer to 4 decimal places.) e. The p-value is ? v a f. Based on this, we should Select an answer v the null hypothesis. g. Thus, the final conclusion is that ... O The data suggest the population proportion is not significantly higher than 16% at a = 0.10, so there is statistically significant evidence to conclude that the population proportion of convicted sex offender drug addicts…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...AlgebraISBN:9780079039897Author:CarterPublisher:McGraw Hill
Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition...AlgebraISBN:9780547587776Author:HOLT MCDOUGALPublisher:HOLT MCDOUGAL
College Algebra (MindTap Course List)AlgebraISBN:9781305652231Author:R. David Gustafson, Jeff HughesPublisher:Cengage Learning
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...
Algebra
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:McGraw Hill
Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition...
Algebra
ISBN:9780547587776
Author:HOLT MCDOUGAL
Publisher:HOLT MCDOUGAL
College Algebra (MindTap Course List)
Algebra
ISBN:9781305652231
Author:R. David Gustafson, Jeff Hughes
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics 4.1 Point Estimators; Author: Dr. Jack L. Jackson II;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2MrI0J8XCEE;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Statistics 101: Point Estimators; Author: Brandon Foltz;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4v41z3HwLaM;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Central limit theorem; Author: 365 Data Science;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b5xQmk9veZ4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Point Estimate Definition & Example; Author: Prof. Essa;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OTVwtvQmSn0;License: Standard Youtube License
Point Estimation; Author: Vamsidhar Ambatipudi;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=flqhlM2bZWc;License: Standard Youtube License