Math instruction: Math instructions refer to all output instructions that uses the data of two words or registers and perform the desired function. Math instructions are programmed depending on the type of processor used. The data manipulation instructions are almost similar to math instructions. Math instructions are normally used to perform arithmetic functions on the values stored in memory words or registers. Math functions: The basic math functions performed by PLCs are as follows: Addition This function is used to add one piece of data to another. It is also called as ADD. Subtraction This function is used to subtract one piece of data from another. It is also called as SUB. Multiplication This function is used to multiply one piece of data by another. It is also called as MUL. Division This function is used to divide one piece of data from another. It is also called as DIV. Terms used: The following terms are used in the instruction. Source A Source A refers to the address of the first piece of data that is used in the instruction. Source B: Source B refers to the address of the second piece of data that is used in the instruction. Destination Destination refers to the address where the results of the instruction are stored. Given: In the given figure, the instruction ADD is executed to add the values accumulated at “C5:0” and “C5:1” and the result will be stored at the address “N7:1”. The instruction GREATER THAN OR EQUAL (GEQ) is executed to activate the PL1 output. Here, the instruction will become true when the value accumulated at the address “N7:1” is greater than or equal to the constant value “350”.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 1P

Program Plan Intro

Math instruction:

Math instructions refer to all output instructions that uses the data of two words or registers and perform the desired function.

Math instructions are programmed depending on the type of processor used.

The data manipulation instructions are almost similar to math instructions.

Math instructions are normally used to perform arithmetic functions on the values stored in memory words or registers.

Math functions:

The basic math functions performed by PLCs are as follows:

Addition

This function is used to add one piece of data to another.

It is also called as ADD.

Subtraction

This function is used to subtract one piece of data from another.

It is also called as SUB.

Multiplication

This function is used to multiply one piece of data by another.

It is also called as MUL.

Division

This function is used to divide one piece of data from another.

It is also called as DIV.

Terms used:

The following terms are used in the instruction.

Source A

Source A refers to the address of the first piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Source B:

Source B refers to the address of the second piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Destination

Destination refers to the address where the results of the instruction are stored.

Given:

In the given figure, the instruction ADD is executed to add the values accumulated at “C5:0” and “C5:1” and the result will be stored at the address “N7:1”.

The instruction GREATER THAN OR EQUAL (GEQ) is executed to activate the PL1 output.

Here, the instruction will become true when the value accumulated at the address “N7:1” is greater than or equal to the constant value “350”.

Explanation of Solution

b.

Status of output PL1:

“No”, the output PL1 will not be energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “148” and “36” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “148” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “36”...

Explanation of Solution

c.

Value of the numbers stored:

Assume that the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”.

(1)

Value stored in “C5:0.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:0”, the “C5:0.ACC” contains the value of the number “250”.

(2)

Value stored in “C5:1.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:1”, the “C5:1.ACC”contains the value of the number “175”...

Explanation of Solution

d.

Status of output PL1:

“Yes”, the output PL1 will get energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “175” and “250” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”...

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2. Signed Integers Unsigned binary numbers work for natural numbers, but many calculations use negative numbers as well. To deal with this, a number of different methods have been used to represent signed numbers, but we will focus on two's complement, as it is the standard solution for representing signed integers. 2.1 Two's complement • Most significant bit has a negative value, all others are positive. So, the value of an n-digit -2 two's complement number can be written as: Σ2 2¹ di 2n-1 dn • Otherwise exactly the same as unsigned integers. i=0 - • A neat trick for flipping the sign of a two's complement number: flip all the bits (0 becomes 1, or 1 becomes 0) and then add 1 to the least significant bit. • Addition is exactly the same as with an unsigned number. 2.2 Exercises For questions 1-3, answer each one for the case of a two's complement number and an unsigned number, indicating if it cannot be answered with a specific representation. 1. (15 pts) What is the largest integer…

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1. Unsigned Integers If we have an n-digit unsigned numeral dn-1d n-2...do in radix (or base) r, then the value of that numeral is n−1 r² di Σi=0 which is basically saying that instead of a 10's or 100's place we have an r's or r²'s place. For binary, decimal, and hex r equals 2, 10, and 16, respectively. Just a reminder that in order to write down a large number, we typically use the IEC or SI prefixing system: IEC: Ki = 210, Mi = 220, Gi = 230, Ti = 240, Pi = 250, Ei = 260, Zi = 270, Yi = 280; SI: K=103, M = 106, G = 109, T = 10¹², P = 1015, E = 10¹8, Z = 1021, Y = 1024. 1.1 Conversions a. (15 pts) Write the following using IEC prefixes: 213, 223, 251, 272, 226, 244 21323 Ki8 Ki 223 23 Mi 8 Mi b. (15 pts) Write the following using SI prefixes: 107, 10¹7, 10¹¹, 1022, 1026, 1015 107 10¹ M = 10 M = 1017102 P = 100 P c. (10 pts) Write the following with powers of 10: 7 K, 100 E, 21 G 7 K = 7*10³

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 1P

Program Plan Intro

Math instruction:

Math instructions refer to all output instructions that uses the data of two words or registers and perform the desired function.

Math instructions are programmed depending on the type of processor used.

The data manipulation instructions are almost similar to math instructions.

Math instructions are normally used to perform arithmetic functions on the values stored in memory words or registers.

Math functions:

The basic math functions performed by PLCs are as follows:

Addition

This function is used to add one piece of data to another.

It is also called as ADD.

Subtraction

This function is used to subtract one piece of data from another.

It is also called as SUB.

Multiplication

This function is used to multiply one piece of data by another.

It is also called as MUL.

Division

This function is used to divide one piece of data from another.

It is also called as DIV.

Terms used:

The following terms are used in the instruction.

Source A

Source A refers to the address of the first piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Source B:

Source B refers to the address of the second piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Destination

Destination refers to the address where the results of the instruction are stored.

Given:

In the given figure, the instruction ADD is executed to add the values accumulated at “C5:0” and “C5:1” and the result will be stored at the address “N7:1”.

The instruction GREATER THAN OR EQUAL (GEQ) is executed to activate the PL1 output.

Here, the instruction will become true when the value accumulated at the address “N7:1” is greater than or equal to the constant value “350”.

Explanation of Solution

b.

Status of output PL1:

“No”, the output PL1 will not be energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “148” and “36” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “148” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “36”...

Explanation of Solution

c.

Value of the numbers stored:

Assume that the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”.

(1)

Value stored in “C5:0.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:0”, the “C5:0.ACC” contains the value of the number “250”.

(2)

Value stored in “C5:1.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:1”, the “C5:1.ACC”contains the value of the number “175”...

Explanation of Solution

d.

Status of output PL1:

“Yes”, the output PL1 will get energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “175” and “250” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”...

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 1P

Program Plan Intro

Math instruction:

Math instructions refer to all output instructions that uses the data of two words or registers and perform the desired function.

Math instructions are programmed depending on the type of processor used.

The data manipulation instructions are almost similar to math instructions.

Math instructions are normally used to perform arithmetic functions on the values stored in memory words or registers.

Math functions:

The basic math functions performed by PLCs are as follows:

Addition

This function is used to add one piece of data to another.

It is also called as ADD.

Subtraction

This function is used to subtract one piece of data from another.

It is also called as SUB.

Multiplication

This function is used to multiply one piece of data by another.

It is also called as MUL.

Division

This function is used to divide one piece of data from another.

It is also called as DIV.

Terms used:

The following terms are used in the instruction.

Source A

Source A refers to the address of the first piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Source B:

Source B refers to the address of the second piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Destination

Destination refers to the address where the results of the instruction are stored.

Given:

In the given figure, the instruction ADD is executed to add the values accumulated at “C5:0” and “C5:1” and the result will be stored at the address “N7:1”.

The instruction GREATER THAN OR EQUAL (GEQ) is executed to activate the PL1 output.

Here, the instruction will become true when the value accumulated at the address “N7:1” is greater than or equal to the constant value “350”.

Explanation of Solution

b.

Status of output PL1:

“No”, the output PL1 will not be energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “148” and “36” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “148” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “36”...

Explanation of Solution

c.

Value of the numbers stored:

Assume that the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”.

(1)

Value stored in “C5:0.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:0”, the “C5:0.ACC” contains the value of the number “250”.

(2)

Value stored in “C5:1.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:1”, the “C5:1.ACC”contains the value of the number “175”...

Explanation of Solution

d.

Status of output PL1:

“Yes”, the output PL1 will get energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “175” and “250” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”...

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 1P

Program Plan Intro

Math instruction:

Math instructions refer to all output instructions that uses the data of two words or registers and perform the desired function.

Math instructions are programmed depending on the type of processor used.

The data manipulation instructions are almost similar to math instructions.

Math instructions are normally used to perform arithmetic functions on the values stored in memory words or registers.

Math functions:

The basic math functions performed by PLCs are as follows:

Addition

This function is used to add one piece of data to another.

It is also called as ADD.

Subtraction

This function is used to subtract one piece of data from another.

It is also called as SUB.

Multiplication

This function is used to multiply one piece of data by another.

It is also called as MUL.

Division

This function is used to divide one piece of data from another.

It is also called as DIV.

Terms used:

The following terms are used in the instruction.

Source A

Source A refers to the address of the first piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Source B:

Source B refers to the address of the second piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Destination

Destination refers to the address where the results of the instruction are stored.

Given:

In the given figure, the instruction ADD is executed to add the values accumulated at “C5:0” and “C5:1” and the result will be stored at the address “N7:1”.

The instruction GREATER THAN OR EQUAL (GEQ) is executed to activate the PL1 output.

Here, the instruction will become true when the value accumulated at the address “N7:1” is greater than or equal to the constant value “350”.

Explanation of Solution

b.

Status of output PL1:

“No”, the output PL1 will not be energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “148” and “36” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “148” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “36”...

Explanation of Solution

c.

Value of the numbers stored:

Assume that the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”.

(1)

Value stored in “C5:0.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:0”, the “C5:0.ACC” contains the value of the number “250”.

(2)

Value stored in “C5:1.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:1”, the “C5:1.ACC”contains the value of the number “175”...

Explanation of Solution

d.

Status of output PL1:

“Yes”, the output PL1 will get energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “175” and “250” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”...

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See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 11, Problem 1P

Program Plan Intro

Math instruction:

Math instructions refer to all output instructions that uses the data of two words or registers and perform the desired function.

Math instructions are programmed depending on the type of processor used.

The data manipulation instructions are almost similar to math instructions.

Math instructions are normally used to perform arithmetic functions on the values stored in memory words or registers.

Math functions:

The basic math functions performed by PLCs are as follows:

Addition

This function is used to add one piece of data to another.

It is also called as ADD.

Subtraction

This function is used to subtract one piece of data from another.

It is also called as SUB.

Multiplication

This function is used to multiply one piece of data by another.

It is also called as MUL.

Division

This function is used to divide one piece of data from another.

It is also called as DIV.

Terms used:

The following terms are used in the instruction.

Source A

Source A refers to the address of the first piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Source B:

Source B refers to the address of the second piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Destination

Destination refers to the address where the results of the instruction are stored.

Given:

In the given figure, the instruction ADD is executed to add the values accumulated at “C5:0” and “C5:1” and the result will be stored at the address “N7:1”.

The instruction GREATER THAN OR EQUAL (GEQ) is executed to activate the PL1 output.

Here, the instruction will become true when the value accumulated at the address “N7:1” is greater than or equal to the constant value “350”.

Explanation of Solution

b.

Status of output PL1:

“No”, the output PL1 will not be energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “148” and “36” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “148” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “36”...

Explanation of Solution

c.

Value of the numbers stored:

Assume that the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”.

(1)

Value stored in “C5:0.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:0”, the “C5:0.ACC” contains the value of the number “250”.

(2)

Value stored in “C5:1.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:1”, the “C5:1.ACC”contains the value of the number “175”...

Explanation of Solution

d.

Status of output PL1:

“Yes”, the output PL1 will get energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “175” and “250” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”...

Answer 6

Chapter 11, Problem 1P

Program Plan Intro

Math instruction:

Math instructions refer to all output instructions that uses the data of two words or registers and perform the desired function.

Math instructions are programmed depending on the type of processor used.

The data manipulation instructions are almost similar to math instructions.

Math instructions are normally used to perform arithmetic functions on the values stored in memory words or registers.

Math functions:

The basic math functions performed by PLCs are as follows:

Addition

This function is used to add one piece of data to another.

It is also called as ADD.

Subtraction

This function is used to subtract one piece of data from another.

It is also called as SUB.

Multiplication

This function is used to multiply one piece of data by another.

It is also called as MUL.

Division

This function is used to divide one piece of data from another.

It is also called as DIV.

Terms used:

The following terms are used in the instruction.

Source A

Source A refers to the address of the first piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Source B:

Source B refers to the address of the second piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Destination

Destination refers to the address where the results of the instruction are stored.

Given:

In the given figure, the instruction ADD is executed to add the values accumulated at “C5:0” and “C5:1” and the result will be stored at the address “N7:1”.

The instruction GREATER THAN OR EQUAL (GEQ) is executed to activate the PL1 output.

Here, the instruction will become true when the value accumulated at the address “N7:1” is greater than or equal to the constant value “350”.

Answer 7

Chapter 11, Problem 1P

Program Plan Intro

Math instruction:

Math instructions refer to all output instructions that uses the data of two words or registers and perform the desired function.

Math instructions are programmed depending on the type of processor used.

The data manipulation instructions are almost similar to math instructions.

Math instructions are normally used to perform arithmetic functions on the values stored in memory words or registers.

Math functions:

The basic math functions performed by PLCs are as follows:

Addition

This function is used to add one piece of data to another.

It is also called as ADD.

Subtraction

This function is used to subtract one piece of data from another.

It is also called as SUB.

Multiplication

This function is used to multiply one piece of data by another.

It is also called as MUL.

Division

This function is used to divide one piece of data from another.

It is also called as DIV.

Terms used:

The following terms are used in the instruction.

Source A

Source A refers to the address of the first piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Source B:

Source B refers to the address of the second piece of data that is used in the instruction.

Destination

Destination refers to the address where the results of the instruction are stored.

Given:

In the given figure, the instruction ADD is executed to add the values accumulated at “C5:0” and “C5:1” and the result will be stored at the address “N7:1”.

The instruction GREATER THAN OR EQUAL (GEQ) is executed to activate the PL1 output.

Here, the instruction will become true when the value accumulated at the address “N7:1” is greater than or equal to the constant value “350”.

Answer 8

Explanation of Solution

b.

Status of output PL1:

“No”, the output PL1 will not be energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “148” and “36” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “148” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “36”...

Answer 9

Explanation of Solution

b.

Status of output PL1:

“No”, the output PL1 will not be energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “148” and “36” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “148” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “36”...

Answer 10

Explanation of Solution

c.

Value of the numbers stored:

Assume that the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”.

(1)

Value stored in “C5:0.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:0”, the “C5:0.ACC” contains the value of the number “250”.

(2)

Value stored in “C5:1.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:1”, the “C5:1.ACC”contains the value of the number “175”...

Answer 11

Explanation of Solution

c.

Value of the numbers stored:

Assume that the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”.

(1)

Value stored in “C5:0.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:0”, the “C5:0.ACC” contains the value of the number “250”.

(2)

Value stored in “C5:1.ACC”:

Since, the given program stores the accumulated value of counter addressed at “C5:1”, the “C5:1.ACC”contains the value of the number “175”...

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

d.

Status of output PL1:

“Yes”, the output PL1 will get energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “175” and “250” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”...

Answer 13

Explanation of Solution

d.

Status of output PL1:

“Yes”, the output PL1 will get energized when the accumulated value of counter “C5:0” and “C5:1” is “175” and “250” respectively.

Reason:

The accumulated value of counter “C5:0” is “250” and the accumulated value of counter “C5:1” is “175”...

Answer 14

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Answer 15

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 11 - Explain the function of math instructions as...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2RQ Ch. 11 - What standard format is used for PLC math...Ch. 11 - Prob. 4RQ Ch. 11 - Prob. 5RQ Ch. 11 - Prob. 6RQ Ch. 11 - Prob. 7RQ Ch. 11 - Prob. 8RQ Ch. 11 - Prob. 9RQ Ch. 11 - Prob. 10RQ

Solution Summary: The author explains that math instruction refers to all output instructions that use the data of two words or registers and perform the desired function.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation of Solution

Explanation of Solution

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Chapter 11 Solutions