Enzymes are the biocatalyst that accelerate the chemical reactions . These are protein molecules that speed up the reaction. Enzymes act on the substrate molecule and convert into product. These are specific in nature in which they act on its substrates.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Enzymes are the biocatalyst that accelerate the chemical reactions. These are protein molecules that speed up the reaction. Enzymes act on the substrate molecule and convert into product. These are specific in nature in which they act on its substrates.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1E

Correct answer: The best description for enzyme is: It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches the equilibrium relative to its uncatalyzed rate. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as, “It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its catalyzed rate”. If the activation energy is low, the rate will be faster. Enzymes speed up the reactions by lowering the activation energy. However, the reaction reaches the equilibrium much faster when the enzyme is present as the rate of the reaction is increased. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as, “It allows a chemical reaction to proceed extremely fast”. The factors that deal with the rate of chemical reaction that proceeds the reaction faster is called the chemical kinetics. Thus, the given statement is not a description of enzyme. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as, “It makes a reaction thermodynamically favorable”. The reaction will be thermodynamically stable due to the reaction that occurs spontaneously, without the need for energy to be added. Therefore, the given statement explains that kinetics is related to reactivity. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Conclusion

Conclusion: Enzymes increase the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its catalyzed rate.

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Students have asked these similar questions

The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactatein skeletal muscle cells using NAD/NADH during anaerobic “balanced” fermentation.Answer the following questions about this reaction. (a) Write out the two reductive half reactions and indicate the E ̊' for each half reaction. Write out the full balanced reaction for the pyruvate to lactate rxn and indicate the ∆E ̊' for the reaction. (b) What is the free energy change under standard state conditions for thisreaction? Which direction is spontaneous?(c) Assume that in skeletal muscle cells the ratio of [NAD+] to [NADH] is 100, and that the[pyruvate] = 0.40 mM and [lactate] = 4.0 mM. What is the free energy change (∆G')for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate? Indicate the direction in which the reactionis spontaneous under these cellular conditions.

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Kranse et. al. measured the temperature dependence of conductance using membranescontaining the phospholipids glyceryl dipalmitate and glyceryl distearate. Describe themodifications in membrane content that you would employ to: (a) shift the temperature of the phase transition (b) make the ion conductance curve for valinomycin andnonactin more like that of gramicidin

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Enzymes are the biocatalyst that accelerate the chemical reactions. These are protein molecules that speed up the reaction. Enzymes act on the substrate molecule and convert into product. These are specific in nature in which they act on its substrates.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1E

Correct answer: The best description for enzyme is: It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches the equilibrium relative to its uncatalyzed rate. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as, “It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its catalyzed rate”. If the activation energy is low, the rate will be faster. Enzymes speed up the reactions by lowering the activation energy. However, the reaction reaches the equilibrium much faster when the enzyme is present as the rate of the reaction is increased. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as, “It allows a chemical reaction to proceed extremely fast”. The factors that deal with the rate of chemical reaction that proceeds the reaction faster is called the chemical kinetics. Thus, the given statement is not a description of enzyme. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as, “It makes a reaction thermodynamically favorable”. The reaction will be thermodynamically stable due to the reaction that occurs spontaneously, without the need for energy to be added. Therefore, the given statement explains that kinetics is related to reactivity. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Conclusion

Conclusion: Enzymes increase the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its catalyzed rate.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Enzymes are the biocatalyst that accelerate the chemical reactions. These are protein molecules that speed up the reaction. Enzymes act on the substrate molecule and convert into product. These are specific in nature in which they act on its substrates.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1E

Correct answer: The best description for enzyme is: It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches the equilibrium relative to its uncatalyzed rate. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as, “It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its catalyzed rate”. If the activation energy is low, the rate will be faster. Enzymes speed up the reactions by lowering the activation energy. However, the reaction reaches the equilibrium much faster when the enzyme is present as the rate of the reaction is increased. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as, “It allows a chemical reaction to proceed extremely fast”. The factors that deal with the rate of chemical reaction that proceeds the reaction faster is called the chemical kinetics. Thus, the given statement is not a description of enzyme. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as, “It makes a reaction thermodynamically favorable”. The reaction will be thermodynamically stable due to the reaction that occurs spontaneously, without the need for energy to be added. Therefore, the given statement explains that kinetics is related to reactivity. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Conclusion

Conclusion: Enzymes increase the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its catalyzed rate.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Enzymes are the biocatalyst that accelerate the chemical reactions. These are protein molecules that speed up the reaction. Enzymes act on the substrate molecule and convert into product. These are specific in nature in which they act on its substrates.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1E

Correct answer: The best description for enzyme is: It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches the equilibrium relative to its uncatalyzed rate. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as, “It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its catalyzed rate”. If the activation energy is low, the rate will be faster. Enzymes speed up the reactions by lowering the activation energy. However, the reaction reaches the equilibrium much faster when the enzyme is present as the rate of the reaction is increased. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as, “It allows a chemical reaction to proceed extremely fast”. The factors that deal with the rate of chemical reaction that proceeds the reaction faster is called the chemical kinetics. Thus, the given statement is not a description of enzyme. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as, “It makes a reaction thermodynamically favorable”. The reaction will be thermodynamically stable due to the reaction that occurs spontaneously, without the need for energy to be added. Therefore, the given statement explains that kinetics is related to reactivity. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Conclusion

Conclusion: Enzymes increase the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its catalyzed rate.

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Answer 5

Chapter 11, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Enzymes are the biocatalyst that accelerate the chemical reactions. These are protein molecules that speed up the reaction. Enzymes act on the substrate molecule and convert into product. These are specific in nature in which they act on its substrates.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1E

Correct answer: The best description for enzyme is: It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches the equilibrium relative to its uncatalyzed rate. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as, “It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its catalyzed rate”. If the activation energy is low, the rate will be faster. Enzymes speed up the reactions by lowering the activation energy. However, the reaction reaches the equilibrium much faster when the enzyme is present as the rate of the reaction is increased. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as, “It allows a chemical reaction to proceed extremely fast”. The factors that deal with the rate of chemical reaction that proceeds the reaction faster is called the chemical kinetics. Thus, the given statement is not a description of enzyme. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as, “It makes a reaction thermodynamically favorable”. The reaction will be thermodynamically stable due to the reaction that occurs spontaneously, without the need for energy to be added. Therefore, the given statement explains that kinetics is related to reactivity. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Conclusion

Conclusion: Enzymes increase the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its catalyzed rate.

Answer 6

Chapter 11, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Enzymes are the biocatalyst that accelerate the chemical reactions. These are protein molecules that speed up the reaction. Enzymes act on the substrate molecule and convert into product. These are specific in nature in which they act on its substrates.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1E

Correct answer: The best description for enzyme is: It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches the equilibrium relative to its uncatalyzed rate. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as, “It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its catalyzed rate”. If the activation energy is low, the rate will be faster. Enzymes speed up the reactions by lowering the activation energy. However, the reaction reaches the equilibrium much faster when the enzyme is present as the rate of the reaction is increased. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as, “It allows a chemical reaction to proceed extremely fast”. The factors that deal with the rate of chemical reaction that proceeds the reaction faster is called the chemical kinetics. Thus, the given statement is not a description of enzyme. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as, “It makes a reaction thermodynamically favorable”. The reaction will be thermodynamically stable due to the reaction that occurs spontaneously, without the need for energy to be added. Therefore, the given statement explains that kinetics is related to reactivity. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Conclusion

Conclusion: Enzymes increase the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its catalyzed rate.

Answer 7

Chapter 11, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Enzymes are the biocatalyst that accelerate the chemical reactions. These are protein molecules that speed up the reaction. Enzymes act on the substrate molecule and convert into product. These are specific in nature in which they act on its substrates.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1E

Correct answer: The best description for enzyme is: It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches the equilibrium relative to its uncatalyzed rate. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as, “It increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium relative to its catalyzed rate”. If the activation energy is low, the rate will be faster. Enzymes speed up the reactions by lowering the activation energy. However, the reaction reaches the equilibrium much faster when the enzyme is present as the rate of the reaction is increased. Hence, option b. is the correct answer.

Reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as, “It allows a chemical reaction to proceed extremely fast”. The factors that deal with the rate of chemical reaction that proceeds the reaction faster is called the chemical kinetics. Thus, the given statement is not a description of enzyme. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as, “It makes a reaction thermodynamically favorable”. The reaction will be thermodynamically stable due to the reaction that occurs spontaneously, without the need for energy to be added. Therefore, the given statement explains that kinetics is related to reactivity. Hence, option c. is incorrect.