Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133949640
Author: John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 13PS
Answer the following questions using Figure 11.12:
- (a) What is the approximate equilibrium vapor pressure of water at 60 °C? Compare your answer with the data in Appendix G.
- (b) At what temperature does water have an equilibrium vapor pressure of 600 mm Hg?
- (c) Compare the equilibrium vapor pressures of water and ethanol at 70 °C. Which is higher?
Figure 11.12 Vapor pressure curves for diethyl ether [(C2H3)2O], ethanol (C2H5OH), and water. Each curve represents conditions of T and P of which the two phases, liquid and vapor, are in equilibrium. These compounds exist as liquids for temperatures and pressures to the left of the curve and as gases under conditions to the right of the curve. (See Appendix G for vapor pressures for water of various temperatures.)
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Problem 22 of 24
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Draw the missing organic structures
in the following multistep synthesis
at physiological pH (pH = 7.4). Ignore
any inorganic byproducts formed.
0
0
ΝΘ
BrCH(CO2CH2CH3)2
Select to Draw
1. NaOCH2CH3 2.
(CH3)2CHCI
Devise electrochemical cells in which the following reactions could be made to occur. If liquid
junctions are necessary, note them in the cell schematic appropriately, but neglect their effects.
(a) H2OH + OH¯
(b) 2H2O2
H₂O
(c) 2PbSO4 + 2H2O
(d) An
TMPD
PыO₂+ Pb + 4H+ + 20%¯¯
An + TMPD (in acetonitrile, where An and An are anthracene and its
anion radical, and TMPD and TMPD are N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine and its
cation radical. Use anthracene potentials for DMF solutions given in Appendix C.3).
(e) 2Ce3+ + 2H + BQ 2Ce4+ + H2Q (aqueous, where BQ is p-benzoquinone and H₂Q is p-
hydroquinone)
(f) Ag +Agl (aqueous)
(g) Fe3+ + Fe(CN)6 Fe²+ + Fe(CN) (aqueous)
Consider each of the following electrode-solution interfaces, and write the equation for the elec-
trode reaction that occurs first when the potential is moved in (1) a negative direction and (2) a posi-
tive direction from the open-circuit potential. Next to each reaction write the approximate potential
for the reaction in V vs. SCE (assuming the reaction is reversible).
(a) Pt/Cu2+ (0.01 M), Cd2+ (0.01 M), H2SO4(1 M)
(b) Pt/Sn2+ (0.01 M), Sn4+ (0.01 M), HCl(1 M)
(c) Hg/Cd2+ (0.01 M), Zn2+ (0.01 M), HCl(1 M)
Chapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Ch. 11.2 - Which should have the more negative hydration...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 1RCCh. 11.3 - Using structural formulas, describe the hydrogen...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 1RCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 2RCCh. 11.4 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 11.4 - Prob. 1RCCh. 11.4 - Prob. 2RCCh. 11.5 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 11.5 - 1. What type of intermolecular forces is likely to...
Ch. 11.6 - The molar enthalpy of vaporization of methanol,...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 11.6 - Prob. 1RCCh. 11.6 - Prob. 2RCCh. 11.6 - Prob. 3RCCh. 11.6 - Prob. 1QCh. 11.6 - Prob. 2QCh. 11.A - Prob. 1QCh. 11.A - Prob. 2QCh. 11 - Prob. 1PSCh. 11 - Intermolecular forces: What type of forces must be...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3PSCh. 11 - Prob. 4PSCh. 11 - Considering intermolecular forces in the pure...Ch. 11 - Considering intermolecular forces in the pure...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7PSCh. 11 - Which of the following compounds would be expected...Ch. 11 - Prob. 9PSCh. 11 - When salts of Mg2+, Na+, and Cs+ are placed in...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11PSCh. 11 - The enthalpy of vaporization of liquid mercury is...Ch. 11 - Answer the following questions using Figure 11.12:...Ch. 11 - Answer the following questions using Figure 11.12:...Ch. 11 - Prob. 15PSCh. 11 - Refer to Figure 11.12 to answer these questions:...Ch. 11 - Which member of each of the following pairs of...Ch. 11 - Place the following four compounds in order of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 19PSCh. 11 - You are comparing three different substances, A,...Ch. 11 - Equilibrium vapor pressures of benzene, C6H6, at...Ch. 11 - Prob. 22PSCh. 11 - Can carbon monoxide (Tc = 132.9 K; Pc = 34.5 atm...Ch. 11 - Methane (CH4) cannot be liquefied at room...Ch. 11 - What is surface tension? Give an example...Ch. 11 - What factors affect the viscosity of a substance?...Ch. 11 - If a piece of filter paper (an absorbent paper...Ch. 11 - When water is placed in a buret it forms a concave...Ch. 11 - Prob. 29GQCh. 11 - What types of intermolecular forces are important...Ch. 11 - Which of the following salts, Li2SO4 or Cs2SO4, is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 32GQCh. 11 - Prob. 33GQCh. 11 - Prob. 34GQCh. 11 - Rank the following compounds in order of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 36GQCh. 11 - Prob. 37GQCh. 11 - The following data are the equilibrium vapor...Ch. 11 - Prob. 39ILCh. 11 - A hand boiler can be purchased in toy stores or at...Ch. 11 - Prob. 41ILCh. 11 - Prob. 42ILCh. 11 - Acetone, CH3COCH3, is a common laboratory solvent....Ch. 11 - Cooking oil floats on top of water. From this...Ch. 11 - Liquid ethylene glycol, HOCH2CH2OH, is one of the...Ch. 11 - Liquid methanol, CH3OH, is placed in a glass tube....Ch. 11 - Account for these facts: (a) Although ethanol...Ch. 11 - Prob. 48SCQCh. 11 - Prob. 49SCQCh. 11 - Prob. 50SCQCh. 11 - Prob. 51SCQCh. 11 - Prob. 52SCQCh. 11 - A fluorocarbon, CF4, has a critical temperature of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 55SCQCh. 11 - List four properties of liquids that are directly...Ch. 11 - List the following ions in order of hydration...Ch. 11 - Prob. 59SCQCh. 11 - An 8.82-g sample of Br2 is placed in an evacuated...Ch. 11 - Polarizability is defined as the extent to which...Ch. 11 - Prob. 62SCQCh. 11 - A pressure cooker (a kitchen appliance) is a pot...Ch. 11 - Vapor pressures of NH3() at several temperatures...Ch. 11 - Prob. 65SCQCh. 11 - Prob. 66SCQCh. 11 - Prob. 67SCQ
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