Chapter 11, Problem 11.IE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A spreadsheet for the given titration data has to be prepared.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A gran plot has to be prepared for the given titration data.  The best straight line and end point has to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Gran plot is used to determine the end point of the titration reaction.  The end point or equivalence point of the titration is determined by extrapolating the values measured previously to the equivalence point.

The Gran plot equation is,

$V_b{.10}^{-pH}=\frac{{\gamma }_{HA}}{{\gamma }_{A^{-}}}{K}_a(V_e-V_b)$

The graph of $V_b{.10}^{-pH}$ versus $V_b$ is termed as Gran plot where $V_b$ is volume of base.