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Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
There are primarily four types of acid-base titrations –
- Strong base vs strong acid
- Strong base vs weak acid
- Weak base vs strong acid
- Weak base vs weak acid
The term
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Answer to Problem 11.CE
The
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A graph of
Explanation of Solution
Given that volume of acid,
The titration reaction is
Where B represents cocaine and
When volume of acid added is
Molarity of cocaine is
Therefore,
Solving for ‘x’,
Then
When volume of acid added is
Thus the fraction of Cocaine titrated when
For protonated cocaine,
Substitute the values known to determine
When volume of acid added is
Thus the fraction of Cocaine titrated when
For protonated cocaine,
Substitute the values known to determine
When volume of acid added is
Thus the fraction of Cocaine titrated when
For protonated cocaine,
Substitute the values known to determine
When volume of acid added is
Thus the fraction of Cocaine titrated when
For protonated cocaine,
Substitute the values known to determine
When volume of acid added is
Thus the fraction of Cocaine titrated when
For protonated cocaine,
Substitute the values known to determine
When volume of acid added is
Thus the fraction of Cocaine titrated when
For protonated cocaine,
Substitute the values known to determine
When volume of acid added is
Thus the fraction of Cocaine titrated when
For protonated cocaine,
Substitute the values known to determine
When volume of acid added is
When volume of acid added is
Assume,
Solving for ‘x’,
Then
After reaching the equivalence point, continual addition of acid increases the concentration of acid so that we need to calculate
When volume of acid added is
Substitute the values known to determine
When volume of acid added is
Substitute the values known to determine
When volume of acid added is
Substitute the values known to determine
A graph of
The
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Quantitative Chemical Analysis
- Q1: For each molecule, assign each stereocenter as R or S. Circle the meso compounds. Label each compound as chiral or achiral. OH HO CI Br H CI CI Br CI CI Xf x f g Br D OH Br Br H₂N R. IN Ill I -N S OMe D II H CO₂H 1/111 DuckDuckGarrow_forwardThese are synthesis questions. You need to show how the starting material can be converted into the product(s) shown. You may use any reactions we have learned. Show all the reagents you need. Show each molecule synthesized along the way and be sure to pay attention to the regiochemistry and stereochemistry preferences for each reaction. If a racemic molecule is made along the way, you need to draw both enantiomers and label the mixture as "racemic". All of the carbon atoms of the products must come from the starting material! ? H Harrow_forwardQ5: Draw every stereoisomer for 1-bromo-2-chloro-1,2-difluorocyclopentane. Clearly show stereochemistry by drawing the wedge-and-dashed bonds. Describe the relationship between each pair of the stereoisomers you have drawn.arrow_forward
- Classify each pair of molecules according to whether or not they can participate in hydrogen bonding with one another. Participate in hydrogen bonding CH3COCH3 and CH3COCH2CH3 H2O and (CH3CH2)2CO CH3COCH3 and CH₂ CHO Answer Bank Do not participate in hydrogen bonding CH3CH2OH and HCHO CH3COCH2CH3 and CH3OHarrow_forwardNonearrow_forwardQ4: Comparing (3S,4S)-3,4-dimethylhexane and (3R,4S)-3,4-dimethylhexane, which one is optically active? Briefly explain.arrow_forward
- Nonearrow_forwardNonearrow_forwardGiven the standard enthalpies of formation for the following substances, determine the reaction enthalpy for the following reaction. 4A (g) + 2B (g) → 2C (g) + 7D (g) AHrxn =?kJ Substance AH in kJ/mol A (g) - 20.42 B (g) + 32.18 C (g) - 72.51 D (g) - 17.87arrow_forward
- Determine ASran for Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) = ZnCl2(aq) + H2(aq) given the following information: Standard Entropy Values of Various Substance Substance So (J/mol • K) 60.9 Zn(s) HCl(aq) 56.5 130.58 H2(g) Zn2+(aq) -106.5 55.10 CI (aq)arrow_forward3) Catalytic hydrogenation of the compound below produced the expected product. However, a byproduct with molecular formula C10H12O is also formed in small quantities. What is the by product?arrow_forwardWhat is the ΔHorxn of the reaction? NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → H2O(l) + NaCl(aq) ΔHorxn 1= ________ kJ/molarrow_forward
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