Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach
Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780393912340
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert, Rein V. Kirss, Natalie Foster
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Question
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Chapter 11, Problem 11.75QA
Interpretation Introduction

To calculate:

Molar mass and molecular formula of eugenol.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 11.75QA

Solution:

a. Molar mass of eugenol=164 g/mol

b. molecular formula of eugenol=C10H12O2

Explanation of Solution

1. Concept:

We need moles of eugenol to find the molar mass. Therefore, we are using boiling point elevation formula to find the molality. Using molality and the volume of the solvent (CCl4), we can get moles of eugenol. Using given percent composition of C, H and O, we can get the empirical formula. From empirical formula mass and the calculated molar mass, we can derive the molecular formula of eugenol. As eugenol is an organic compound, it cannot dissociate into ions. Therefore, we assume the value of van’t Hoff factor to be 1.

2. Formula:

i. ΔTb=Kb ×i ×m

ii. molality=moles of soluteKg of solvent

A mole is the SI unit of amount chemical substance. When writing units, it is written as “mol”.

3. Given:

i. mass of eugenol=111 mg

ii. Kb of chloroform=3.630C/m

iii. Tb=2.45 0C

iv. percent of C in eugenol=73.17%

v. percent of H in eugenol=7.32%

vi. percent of O in eugenol=19.51%

4. Calculations:

a.

Converting mass from milligrams to grams as follows:

111 mg of eugenol×1 g1000 mg=0.111 g of eugenol

2.450C=3.630C/m×1×m

Rearranging the equation for “m”, we get

m=0.6749 m

Molality is defined as

molality=moles of soluteKg of solvent

Inserting the values for kg of solvent (CCl4) and molality of solution, we find moles of solute (eugenol)

0.6749=mol eugenol0.001 Kg

Arranging for moles of solute (eugenol), we get

mols of eugenol=0.0006749 mol of eugenol

molar mass of solute (eugenol)=0.111 g0.0006749 mole=164 g/mol

b.

Let’s assume the mass of whole compound to be  100g. So, this will make mass of C, H and O as  73.17g, 7.32g,  and 19.51g respectively.

Finding moles of each C, H, and O using atomic weights as follows:

73.17 g of C×1 mol C12.01 g of C=6.09 mol C

7.32 g of H×1 mol H1.01 g H=7.25 mol H

19.51 g of O×1 mol O1.01 g O=1.22 mol O

Dividing each mole by least number of moles, empirical formula of the eugenol is C5H6O.

empirical formula mass of eugenol=5×12.01+6×1.01+1×15.99=82 g/mol

Molar mass calculated above is  164 g/mol, so, n, i.e., number of formula units in the molecular formula is

n=molar massempirical formula mass=16482=2

molecular formula=n×empirical formula

  molecular formula=2×C5H6O=C10H12O2

Conclusion:

a. Molar mass of eugenol=164 g/mol

b. molecular formula of eugenol=C10H12O2

c.

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Chapter 11 Solutions

Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach

Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.12QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.13QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.14QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.15QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.16QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.17QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.18QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.19QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.20QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.21QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.22QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.23QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.24QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.25QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.26QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.27QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.28QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.29QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.30QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.31QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.32QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.33QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.34QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.35QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.36QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.37QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.38QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.39QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.40QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.41QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.42QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.43QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.44QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.45QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.46QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.47QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.48QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.49QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.50QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.51QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.52QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.53QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.54QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.55QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.56QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.57QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.58QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.59QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.60QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.61QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.62QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.63QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.64QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.65QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.66QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.67QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.68QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.69QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.70QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.71QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.72QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.73QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.74QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.75QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.76QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.77QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.78QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.79QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.80QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.81QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.82QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.83QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.84QA
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