Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach
Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780393912340
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert, Rein V. Kirss, Natalie Foster
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Question
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Chapter 11, Problem 11.55QA
Interpretation Introduction

To find

The increasing order of boiling point of aqueous solution of 0.06 m FeCl3 (i =3.4), 0.10 m MgCl2,

(i =2.7) and 0.20 m KCl (i =1.9).

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 11.55QA

Solution

The increasing order of boiling points of given aqueous solutions is

a) 0.06 m FeCl3 < b) 0.10 m MgCl2 < c)  0.20 m KCl

Explanation of Solution

1. Concept:

Using boiling point of elevation we can find out the boiling point of the aqueous solution.

We can use molality and van’t Hoff factor to calculate the boiling point of the solution.

2. Formula:

The boiling point of elevation is

Tb= Kb ×i ×m

Tb=boiling point of solution-boiling point of solvent

3. Given:

i. The Kb of water = 0.52 oC/m

ii. The normal boiling point of water (solvent) = 100.00C

iii. Molality of FeCl3 = 0.06 m (i =3.4)

iv. Molality of MgCl2 = 0.10 m (i =2.7)

v. Molality of KCl = 0.20 m (i =1.9)

4. Calculations:

We will calculate the boiling point of each aqueous solution.

a) Boiling point of aqueous solution of 0.06 m FeCl3 (i=3.4)

The boiling point elevation:

Tb= Kb ×i ×m

Tb= 0.52  oC/m×3.4 ×0.06  m

  Tb= 0.11oC

To calculate the boiling point of aqueous solution of FeCl3, we add Tb to the boiling point of pure water.

Tb=boiling point of solution-boiling point of solvent

Tb (aq.  FeCl3)=Tb solvent+  Tb

  Tb (aq.  FeCl3)=100.0oC+ 0.11oC

Tb (aq.  FeCl3)=100.11oC

b) Boiling point of aqueous solution of 0.10 m MgCl2 (i=2.7),

The boiling point elevation:

Tb= Kb ×i ×m

Tb= 0.52  oC/m×2.7 ×0.10 m

  Tb=0.14oC

To calculate the boiling point of aqueous solution of MgCl2, we add Tb to the boiling point of pure water.

Tb=boiling point of solution-boiling point of solvent

Tb (aq.  MgCl2)=Tb solvent+  Tb

  Tb (aq.  MgCl2)=100.0oC+ 0.14oC

Tb (aq.  MgCl2)=100.14oC

c) Boiling point of aqueous solution of 0.20 m KCl (i=1.9),

The boiling point elevation:

Tb= Kb ×i ×m

Tb= 0.52  oC/m×1.9 ×0.20 m

  Tb=0.20oC

To calculate the boiling point of aqueous solution of KCl, we add Tb to the boiling point of pure water.

Tb=boiling point of solution-boiling point of solvent

Tb (aq.  KCl)=Tb solvent+  Tb

  Tb (aq.  KCl)=100.0oC+ 0.20oC

Tb (aq.  KCl)=100.20oC

Boiling points of each aqueous solution are

 Tb (aq.  FeCl3)=100.11oC

 Tb (aq.  MgCl2)=100.14oC

 Tb (aq.  KCl)=100.20oC

This means Tb (aq.  FeCl3)< Tb (aq.  MgCl2)< Tb (aq.  KCl)

Therefore, the increasing order of boiling points of given aqueous solutions is

a) 0.06 m FeCl3 < b ) 0.10 m MgCl2 < c) 0.20 m KCl

Conclusion

Elevation in the boiling point can be used to find out the boiling point of a solution using the normal boiling point of pure solvent.

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Chapter 11 Solutions

Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach

Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.12QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.13QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.14QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.15QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.16QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.17QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.18QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.19QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.20QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.21QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.22QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.23QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.24QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.25QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.26QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.27QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.28QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.29QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.30QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.31QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.32QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.33QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.34QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.35QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.36QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.37QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.38QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.39QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.40QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.41QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.42QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.43QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.44QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.45QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.46QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.47QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.48QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.49QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.50QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.51QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.52QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.53QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.54QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.55QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.56QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.57QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.58QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.59QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.60QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.61QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.62QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.63QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.64QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.65QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.66QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.67QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.68QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.69QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.70QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.71QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.72QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.73QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.74QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.75QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.76QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.77QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.78QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.79QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.80QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.81QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.82QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.83QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.84QA
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