
To find:
Increasing order of freezing point of solution of 0.10 m MgCl2 in water, 0.20 m toluene in diethyl ether and 0.20 m ethylene glycol in ethanol

Answer to Problem 11.56QA
Solution:
The increasing order of freezing point of given solutions is,
b) 0.20 m toluene in diethyl ether < c) 0.20 m ethylene glycol in ethanol < a) 0.10 m MgCl2 in water
Explanation of Solution
1) Concept
Freezing point depression is a colligative property, so it does not depend on the identity of the solute particles only on their number. As the number of solute particles increases the freezing point of solution is decreases.
2) Given
a)
b)
c)
3) Formulae
4) Calculations
We will calculate the freezing point of the each solution
1) Freezing point depression of solution of
The freezing point depression:
To calculate the freezing point aqueous solution of MgCl2, we subtract
2) Freezing point depression of solution of
The freezing point depression:
To calculate the freezing point aqueous solution of toluene in diethyl ether, we subtract
3) Freezing point depression of solution of
The freezing point depression:
To calculate the freezing point aqueous solution of ethylene glycol in ethanol, we subtract
So the freezing point of given solutions are
a)
b)
c)
i.e.
Therefore, the increasing order of freezing point of given solution is,
b)
Conclusion:
Depression in freezing point can be used to find out the freezing point of solution using normal freezing point of pure solvent.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach
- 1) Draw the correct chemical structure (using line-angle drawings / "line structures") from their given IUPAC name: a. hept-3-yne b. 5-bromo-1-fluoro-4-methylpent-2-ynearrow_forward15. How many absorptions are expected in the H-NMR spectra of fee songs? Explain your were a) CH,CH,CCH,CH, O CHUCH CHCHarrow_forwardFirefly luciferin exhibits three rings. Identify which of the rings are aromatic. Identify which lone pairs are involved in establishing aromaticity. The lone pairs are labeled A-D below.arrow_forward
- What is the [OH⁻] of a 1.80 M solution of pyridine (C₅H₅N, Kb = 1.70 × 10⁻⁹)?arrow_forwardWhat is the percent ionization in a 0.260 M solution of formic acid (HCOOH) (Ka = 1.78 × 10⁻⁴)?arrow_forwardDetermine the pH of solution of HC3H5O2 By constructing an ICE table writing the equilibrium constant expression, and using this information to determine the pH. The Ka of HC3H5O2 is 1.3 x 10-5arrow_forward
- Determine if the following salt is neutral, acidic or basic. If acidic or basic, write the appropriate equilibrium equation for the acid or base that exists when the salt is dissolved in aqueous solution. If neutral, simply write only NR. Be sure to include the proper phases for all species within the reaction LiNO3arrow_forwardAn unknown weak acid with a concentration of 0.410 M has a pH of 5.600. What is the Ka of the weak acid?arrow_forward(racemic) 19.84 Using your reaction roadmaps as a guide, show how to convert 2-oxepanone and ethanol into 1-cyclopentenecarbaldehyde. You must use 2-oxepanone as the source of all carbon atoms in the target molecule. Show all reagents and all molecules synthesized along the way. & + EtOH H 2-Oxepanone 1-Cyclopentenecarbaldehydearrow_forward
- R₂ R₁ R₁ a R Rg Nu R₂ Rg R₁ R R₁₂ R3 R R Nu enolate forming R₁ R B-Alkylated carbonyl species or amines Cyclic B-Ketoester R₁₁ HOB R R₁B R R₁₂ B-Hydroxy carbonyl R diester R2 R3 R₁ RB OR R₂ 0 aB-Unsaturated carbonyl NaOR Aldol HOR reaction 1) LDA 2) R-X 3) H₂O/H₂O ketone, aldehyde 1) 2°-amine 2) acid chloride 3) H₂O'/H₂O 0 O R₁ R₁ R R₁ R₁₂ Alkylated a-carbon R₁ H.C R₁ H.C Alkylated methyl ketone acetoacetic ester B-Ketoester ester R₁ HO R₂ R B-Dicarbonyl HO Alkylated carboxylic acid malonic ester Write the reagents required to bring about each reaction next to the arrows shown. Next, record any regiochemistry or stereochemistry considerations relevant to the reaction. You should also record any key aspects of the mechanism, such as forma- tion of an important intermediate, as a helpful reminder. You may want to keep track of all reactions that make carbon-carbon bonds, because these help you build large molecules from smaller fragments. This especially applies to the reactions in…arrow_forwardProvide the reasonable steps to achieve the following synthesis.arrow_forwardIdentify which compound is more acidic. Justify your choice.arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY





