Chapter 11, Problem 11.74QP

Classify each of the following by the type of solid it forms:

1. a F₂;
2. b BaCl₂;
3. c BCl₃;
4. d CCl₄;
5. e CaO.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

By the type of solid forms, the given elements and compounds have to be classified.

Concept introduction:

Types of solid

• Molecular solid
• Metallic solid
• Ionic solid
• Covalent network

Molecular solid:

A solid which consist of atoms or molecule thought intermolecular force.

Metallic solid:

The solid which consist of metal atom held together by metallic bonds.  Metallic bonding is chemical bond formed by attraction between cation of metal and the surrounding sea of electrons.

Ionic solid:

A solid which consist of anions and cations held together by ionic bond (electrical attraction of opposite charges).

Covalent network:

A solid that involves atoms held together by great network or shackles by covalent bonds.

Diamond and graphite are great example.

Answer to Problem 11.74QP

${\text{F}}_{\text{2}}$ is found to be molecular solid.

Explanation of Solution

Group 7 elements are molecular solid. ${\text{F}}_{\text{2}}$ is held together by van der Waals force, dipole-dipole interactions.

Thus, the molecule ${\text{F}}_{\text{2}}$ is found to be molecular solid.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

By the type of solid forms, the given elements and compounds have to be classified.

Concept introduction:

Types of solid

• Molecular solid
• Metallic solid
• Ionic solid
• Covalent network

Molecular solid:

A solid which consist of atoms or molecule thought intermolecular force.

Metallic solid:

The solid which consist of metal atom held together by metallic bonds.  Metallic bonding is chemical bond formed by attraction between cation of metal and the surrounding sea of electrons.

Ionic solid:

A solid which consist of anions and cations held together by ionic bond (electrical attraction of opposite charges).

Covalent network:

A solid that involves atoms held together by great network or shackles by covalent bonds.

Diamond and graphite are great example.

Answer to Problem 11.74QP

${\text{BaCl}}_{\text{2}}$ is found to be an ionic solid.

Explanation of Solution

In Barium chloride, Barium combined with chlorine atom in which Barium donates two electrons to chlorine atom to forms ionic bond.

Thus, the compound ${\text{BaCl}}_{\text{2}}$ is an ionic solid.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

By the type of solid forms, the given elements and compounds have to be classified.

Concept introduction:

Types of solid

• Molecular solid
• Metallic solid
• Ionic solid
• Covalent network

Molecular solid:

A solid which consist of atoms or molecule thought intermolecular force.

Metallic solid:

The solid which consist of metal atom held together by metallic bonds.  Metallic bonding is chemical bond formed by attraction between cation of metal and the surrounding sea of electrons.

Ionic solid:

A solid which consist of anions and cations held together by ionic bond (electrical attraction of opposite charges).

Covalent network:

A solid that involves atoms held together by great network or shackles by covalent bonds.

Diamond and graphite are great example.

Answer to Problem 11.74QP

${\text{BCl}}_{\text{3}}$ is molecular solid.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{BCl}}_{\text{3}}$ is molecular solid. Because, the interaction between Boron and chloride are London dispersion force and van der Waals force (intermolecular force).

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

By the type of solid forms, the given elements and compounds have to be classified.

Concept introduction:

Types of solid

• Molecular solid
• Metallic solid
• Ionic solid
• Covalent network

Molecular solid:

A solid which consist of atoms or molecule thought intermolecular force.

Metallic solid:

The solid which consist of metal atom held together by metallic bonds.  Metallic bonding is chemical bond formed by attraction between cation of metal and the surrounding sea of electrons.

Ionic solid:

A solid which consist of anions and cations held together by ionic bond (electrical attraction of opposite charges).

Covalent network:

A solid that involves atoms held together by great network or shackles by covalent bonds.

Diamond and graphite are great example.

Answer to Problem 11.74QP

${\text{CCl}}_{\text{4}}$ is found to be molecular solid.

Explanation of Solution

In the case of ${\text{CCl}}_{\text{4}}$ the Carbon atom and four chlorine atoms are held together by week intermolecular force. Thus, ${\text{CCl}}_{\text{4}}$ is found to be molecular solid.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

By the type of solid forms, the given elements and compounds have to be classified.

Concept introduction:

Types of solid

• Molecular solid
• Metallic solid
• Ionic solid
• Covalent network

Molecular solid:

A solid which consist of atoms or molecule thought intermolecular force.

Metallic solid:

The solid which consist of metal atom held together by metallic bonds.  Metallic bonding is chemical bond formed by attraction between cation of metal and the surrounding sea of electrons.

Ionic solid:

A solid which consist of anions and cations held together by ionic bond (electrical attraction of opposite charges).

Covalent network:

A solid that involves atoms held together by great network or shackles by covalent bonds.

Diamond and graphite are great example.

Answer to Problem 11.74QP

$\text{CaO}$ is an ionic solid.

Explanation of Solution

In Calcium Oxide, Calcium metal is bonded with Oxygen atom. Hence, the bond between metal and non metal is known as ionic bond.

Thus, the compound $\text{CaO}$ is an ionic solid.