The IUPAC name for the given alkene has to be provided. Concept Introduction: IUPAC nomenclature for alkene: There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene. The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –ene. This is used to indicate the presence of double bond. The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the double bond. The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the double bond. In case if the double bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents. The position of the double bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the double bond. Suffixes like –diene, -triene, -tetrene, and so on are used when the compound contains more than one double bond. In case of cycloalkenes which do not have any substitution, the numbering is not needed to locate the double bond because the bond is assumed to be between the carbons 1 and 2. In case if substituents are present in cycloalkene, then the double‑bonded carbon atoms are numbered 1 and 2 in a direction where the substituent gets the lower number. If the cycloalkenes contain more than one double bond, then one double bond is assigned the numbers 1 and 2 followed by the other double bond so that the lowest number possible is given.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.39AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkene has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkene:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –ene. This is used to indicate the presence of double bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the double bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the double bond. In case if the double bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the double bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the double bond.

Suffixes like –diene, -triene, -tetrene, and so on are used when the compound contains more than one double bond.

In case of cycloalkenes which do not have any substitution, the numbering is not needed to locate the double bond because the bond is assumed to be between the carbons 1 and 2.

In case if substituents are present in cycloalkene, then the double‑bonded carbon atoms are numbered 1 and 2 in a direction where the substituent gets the lower number.

If the cycloalkenes contain more than one double bond, then one double bond is assigned the numbers 1 and 2 followed by the other double bond so that the lowest number possible is given.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkyne has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkyne:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –yne. This is used to indicate the presence of triple bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the triple bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the triple bond. In case if the triple bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the triple bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the triple bond.

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A small artisanal cheesemaker is testing the acidity of their milk before it coagulates. During fermentation, bacteria produce lactic acid (K₁ = 1.4 x 104), a weak acid that helps to curdle the milk and develop flavor. The cheesemaker has measured that the developing mixture contains lactic acid at an initial concentration of 0.025 M. Your task is to calculate the pH of this mixture and determine whether it meets the required acidity for proper cheese development. To achieve the best flavor, texture and reduce/control microbial growth, the pH range needs to be between pH 4.6 and 5.0. Assumptions: Lactic acid is a monoprotic acid H H :0:0: H-C-C H :0: O-H Figure 1: Lewis Structure for Lactic Acid For simplicity, you can use the generic formula HA to represent the acid You can assume lactic acid dissociation is in water as milk is mostly water. Temperature is 25°C 1. Write the K, expression for the dissociation of lactic acid in the space provided. Do not forget to include state symbols.…

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.39AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkene has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkene:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –ene. This is used to indicate the presence of double bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the double bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the double bond. In case if the double bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the double bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the double bond.

Suffixes like –diene, -triene, -tetrene, and so on are used when the compound contains more than one double bond.

In case of cycloalkenes which do not have any substitution, the numbering is not needed to locate the double bond because the bond is assumed to be between the carbons 1 and 2.

In case if substituents are present in cycloalkene, then the double‑bonded carbon atoms are numbered 1 and 2 in a direction where the substituent gets the lower number.

If the cycloalkenes contain more than one double bond, then one double bond is assigned the numbers 1 and 2 followed by the other double bond so that the lowest number possible is given.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkyne has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkyne:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –yne. This is used to indicate the presence of triple bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the triple bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the triple bond. In case if the triple bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the triple bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the triple bond.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.39AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkene has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkene:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –ene. This is used to indicate the presence of double bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the double bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the double bond. In case if the double bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the double bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the double bond.

Suffixes like –diene, -triene, -tetrene, and so on are used when the compound contains more than one double bond.

In case of cycloalkenes which do not have any substitution, the numbering is not needed to locate the double bond because the bond is assumed to be between the carbons 1 and 2.

In case if substituents are present in cycloalkene, then the double‑bonded carbon atoms are numbered 1 and 2 in a direction where the substituent gets the lower number.

If the cycloalkenes contain more than one double bond, then one double bond is assigned the numbers 1 and 2 followed by the other double bond so that the lowest number possible is given.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkyne has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkyne:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –yne. This is used to indicate the presence of triple bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the triple bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the triple bond. In case if the triple bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the triple bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the triple bond.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.39AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkene has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkene:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –ene. This is used to indicate the presence of double bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the double bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the double bond. In case if the double bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the double bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the double bond.

Suffixes like –diene, -triene, -tetrene, and so on are used when the compound contains more than one double bond.

In case of cycloalkenes which do not have any substitution, the numbering is not needed to locate the double bond because the bond is assumed to be between the carbons 1 and 2.

In case if substituents are present in cycloalkene, then the double‑bonded carbon atoms are numbered 1 and 2 in a direction where the substituent gets the lower number.

If the cycloalkenes contain more than one double bond, then one double bond is assigned the numbers 1 and 2 followed by the other double bond so that the lowest number possible is given.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkyne has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkyne:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –yne. This is used to indicate the presence of triple bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the triple bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the triple bond. In case if the triple bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the triple bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the triple bond.

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Answer 5

Chapter 11, Problem 11.39AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkene has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkene:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –ene. This is used to indicate the presence of double bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the double bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the double bond. In case if the double bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the double bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the double bond.

Suffixes like –diene, -triene, -tetrene, and so on are used when the compound contains more than one double bond.

In case of cycloalkenes which do not have any substitution, the numbering is not needed to locate the double bond because the bond is assumed to be between the carbons 1 and 2.

In case if substituents are present in cycloalkene, then the double‑bonded carbon atoms are numbered 1 and 2 in a direction where the substituent gets the lower number.

If the cycloalkenes contain more than one double bond, then one double bond is assigned the numbers 1 and 2 followed by the other double bond so that the lowest number possible is given.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkyne has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkyne:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –yne. This is used to indicate the presence of triple bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the triple bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the triple bond. In case if the triple bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the triple bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the triple bond.

Answer 6

Chapter 11, Problem 11.39AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkene has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkene:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –ene. This is used to indicate the presence of double bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the double bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the double bond. In case if the double bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the double bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the double bond.

Suffixes like –diene, -triene, -tetrene, and so on are used when the compound contains more than one double bond.

In case of cycloalkenes which do not have any substitution, the numbering is not needed to locate the double bond because the bond is assumed to be between the carbons 1 and 2.

In case if substituents are present in cycloalkene, then the double‑bonded carbon atoms are numbered 1 and 2 in a direction where the substituent gets the lower number.

If the cycloalkenes contain more than one double bond, then one double bond is assigned the numbers 1 and 2 followed by the other double bond so that the lowest number possible is given.

Answer 7

Chapter 11, Problem 11.39AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkene has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkene:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –ene. This is used to indicate the presence of double bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the double bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the double bond. In case if the double bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the double bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the double bond.

Suffixes like –diene, -triene, -tetrene, and so on are used when the compound contains more than one double bond.

In case of cycloalkenes which do not have any substitution, the numbering is not needed to locate the double bond because the bond is assumed to be between the carbons 1 and 2.

In case if substituents are present in cycloalkene, then the double‑bonded carbon atoms are numbered 1 and 2 in a direction where the substituent gets the lower number.

If the cycloalkenes contain more than one double bond, then one double bond is assigned the numbers 1 and 2 followed by the other double bond so that the lowest number possible is given.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkyne has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkyne:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –yne. This is used to indicate the presence of triple bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the triple bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the triple bond. In case if the triple bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the triple bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the triple bond.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given alkyne has to be provided.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC nomenclature for alkyne:

There are about eight rules to be followed while giving IUPAC name for alkene.

The suffix –ane has to be replaced with the suffix –yne. This is used to indicate the presence of triple bond.

The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms has to be chosen that contains both carbon atoms of the triple bond.

The parent carbon chain has to be numbered in a way so that the numbering begins at the end near to the triple bond. In case if the triple bond is equidistant from both ends, then numbering has to be done from the end that is closer to substituents.

The position of the triple bond has to be given a single number which is lower‑numbered carbon atom that is present in the triple bond.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 11.1 - Convert each condensed structure to a complete...Ch. 11.1 - Determine whether each molecular formula...Ch. 11.1 - Give the molecular formula for each of the...Ch. 11.2 - Give the IUPAC name for each alkene. a. (CH3CH2)2C...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 11.5P Ch. 11.2 - Give the structure corresponding to each name. a....Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 11.7P Ch. 11.3 - Bombykol is secreted by the female silkworm moth...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 11.9P Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 11.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that the IUPAC name for the given alkene has to be provided.

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