Chapter 10, Problem 9DQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Whether ${\text{ΔS}}_{\text{surr}}$ is favorable or unfavorable for an exothermic and endothermic reactions needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: Thermodynamic is a branch of chemistry that deals with the energy change with the system and surroundings. It indicates the energy conversion and transfer between system and surroundings.

At constant volume the change in heat for a system to change the internal energy is represented as ΔE or q_V. At constant pressure, the change in heat for a system to change the enthalpy is represented as ΔH or q_p.

Entropy is the measurement of randomness in the system and it increases from solid to liquid to gas. For the conversion of different substances, the entropy change can be calculated as difference in entropy of product and reactant.

  ${\text{ΔS}}_{\text{reac}}\text{ = }\sum {\text{S}}_{\text{product}}\text{- }\sum {\text{S}}_{\text{reactant}}$