Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN: 9781305957404

Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher: Cengage Learning

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Crystal Lattices and Unit Cell

Consider a crystal. The regular and repeating pattern of constituent particles is the most distinguishing feature of crystalline solids. A crystal lattice is formed when these particles are replaced with representative points. The three-dimensional arran…

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Textbook Question

Chapter 10, Problem 56E

The density of polonium metal is 9.2 g/cm³. If the extended lattice of polonium exhibits a simple cubic unit cell, estimate the atomic radius of polonium.

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Chapter 10 Solutions

Chemistry

Ch. 10 - What are intermolecular forces? How do they differ...Ch. 10 - Define the following terms and describe how each...Ch. 10 - Compare and contrast solids, liquids, and gases.Ch. 10 - Prob. 4RQ Ch. 10 - What is a lattice? What is a unit cell? Describe a...Ch. 10 - What is closest packing? What is the difference...Ch. 10 - Describe, in general, the structures of ionic...Ch. 10 - Prob. 9RQ Ch. 10 - Prob. 10RQ Ch. 10 - Compare and contrast the phase diagrams of water...

Ch. 10 - It is possible to balance a paper clip on the...Ch. 10 - Consider a sealed container half-filled with...Ch. 10 - Explain the following: You add 100 mL water to a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 4ALQ Ch. 10 - Prob. 5ALQ Ch. 10 - Why do liquids have a vapor pressure? Do all...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7ALQ Ch. 10 - What is the vapor pressure of water at 100C? How...Ch. 10 - Prob. 9ALQ Ch. 10 - Prob. 10ALQ Ch. 10 - Prob. 11ALQ Ch. 10 - Why is N2 a gas at room temperature? Explain why...Ch. 10 - Prob. 13ALQ Ch. 10 - In the diagram below, which lines represent the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 16Q Ch. 10 - Prob. 17Q Ch. 10 - The conductivity of silicon is enhanced by doping....Ch. 10 - Atoms are assumed to touch in closest packed...Ch. 10 - Define critical temperature and critical pressure....Ch. 10 - Prob. 21Q Ch. 10 - Describe what is meant by a dynamic equilibrium in...Ch. 10 - Prob. 23Q Ch. 10 - Prob. 24Q Ch. 10 - Prob. 25Q Ch. 10 - Prob. 26Q Ch. 10 - When wet laundry is hung on a clothesline on a...Ch. 10 - You have three covalent compounds with three very...Ch. 10 - Prob. 30Q Ch. 10 - Compare and contrast the structures of the...Ch. 10 - Silicon carbide (SiC) is an extremely hard...Ch. 10 - A common prank on college campuses is to switch...Ch. 10 - A plot of In (Pvap) versus 1/T (K) is linear with...Ch. 10 - Prob. 36Q Ch. 10 - Identify the most important types of interparticle...Ch. 10 - Prob. 38E Ch. 10 - Predict which substance in each of the following...Ch. 10 - Consider the compounds CI2, HCI. F2, NaF, and HF....Ch. 10 - Prob. 41E Ch. 10 - Consider the following electrostatic potential...Ch. 10 - In each of the following groups of substances,...Ch. 10 - Prob. 44E Ch. 10 - The shape of the meniscus of water in a glass tube...Ch. 10 - Prob. 46E Ch. 10 - Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a syrupy liquid with a...Ch. 10 - Carbon diselenide (CSe2) is a liquid at room...Ch. 10 - X rays from a copper X-ray tube ( = 154 pm) were...Ch. 10 - The second-order diffraction (n = 2) for a gold...Ch. 10 - A topaz crystal has an interplanar spacing (d) of...Ch. 10 - X rays of wavelength 2.63 were used to analyze a...Ch. 10 - Calcium has a cubic closest packed structure as a...Ch. 10 - Nickel has a face-centered cubic unit cell. The...Ch. 10 - A certain form of lead has a cubic closest packed...Ch. 10 - The density of polonium metal is 9.2 g/cm3. If the...Ch. 10 - You are given a small bar of an unknown metal X....Ch. 10 - A metallic solid with atoms in a face-centered...Ch. 10 - Titanium metal has a body-centered cubic unit...Ch. 10 - Barium has a body-centered cubic structure. If the...Ch. 10 - The radius of gold is 144 pm, and the density is...Ch. 10 - The radius of tungsten is 137 pm and the density...Ch. 10 - What fraction of the total volume of a cubic...Ch. 10 - Iron has a density of 7.86 g/cm3 and crystallizes...Ch. 10 - Prob. 65E Ch. 10 - Prob. 66E Ch. 10 - Selenium is a semiconductor used in photocopying...Ch. 10 - Prob. 68E Ch. 10 - Prob. 69E Ch. 10 - Prob. 70E Ch. 10 - The structures of some common crystalline...Ch. 10 - The unit cell for nickel arsenide is shown below....Ch. 10 - Cobalt fluoride crystallizes in a closest packed...Ch. 10 - The compounds Na2O, CdS, and ZrI4. all can be...Ch. 10 - What is the formula for the compound that...Ch. 10 - Prob. 76E Ch. 10 - A certain metal fluoride crystallizes in such a...Ch. 10 - The structure of manganese fluoride can be...Ch. 10 - The unit cell of MgO is shown below l Does MgO...Ch. 10 - In solid KCl the smallest distance between the...Ch. 10 - The CsCl structure is a simple cubic array of...Ch. 10 - MnO has either the NaCI type structure or the CsCI...Ch. 10 - What type of solid will each of the following...Ch. 10 - What type of solid will each of the following...Ch. 10 - The memory metal, nitinol, is an alloy of nickel...Ch. 10 - Superalloys have been made of nickel and aluminum....Ch. 10 - Perovskite is a mineral containing calcium,...Ch. 10 - A mineral crystallizes in a cubic closest packed...Ch. 10 - Materials containing the elements Y, Ba, Cu, and O...Ch. 10 - The structures of another class of ceramic,...Ch. 10 - Plot the following data and determine Hvap for...Ch. 10 - From the following data for liquid nitric acid,...Ch. 10 - In Breckenridge, Colorado, the typical atmospheric...Ch. 10 - The temperature inside a pressure cooker is 115C....Ch. 10 - Diethyl ether (CH3CH2OCH2CH3) was one of the first...Ch. 10 - Mercury is the only metal that is a liquid at room...Ch. 10 - A substance, X, has the following properties:...Ch. 10 - Use the heating-cooling curve below to answer the...Ch. 10 - The molar heat of fusion of sodium metal is 2.60...Ch. 10 - Prob. 100E Ch. 10 - What quantity of energy does it take to convert...Ch. 10 - An ice cube tray contains enough water at 22.0C to...Ch. 10 - A 0.250-g chunk of sodium metal is cautiously...Ch. 10 - Prob. 105E Ch. 10 - Prob. 106E Ch. 10 - Prob. 107E Ch. 10 - Prob. 108E Ch. 10 - Prob. 109E Ch. 10 - Consider the following data for xenon: Triple...Ch. 10 - Prob. 111AE Ch. 10 - Consider the following formulas for n-pentane and...Ch. 10 - Some of the physical properties of H2O and D2O are...Ch. 10 - Rationalize the following boiling points:Ch. 10 - Consider the following vapor pressure versus...Ch. 10 - Consider the following enthalpy changes:...Ch. 10 - Consider the following data for an unknown...Ch. 10 - Consider the data for substance X given in...Ch. 10 - Prob. 119AE Ch. 10 - Boron nitride (BN) exists in two forms. The first...Ch. 10 - Prob. 121AE Ch. 10 - Argon has a cubic closest packed structure as a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 123AE Ch. 10 - A 20.0-g sample of ice at 10.0C is mixed with...Ch. 10 - Prob. 125AE Ch. 10 - Carbon tetrachloride. CCl4, has a vapor pressure...Ch. 10 - A special vessel (see Fig. 10.45) contains ice and...Ch. 10 - Prob. 128AE Ch. 10 - In regions with dry climates, evaporative coolers...Ch. 10 - Which of the following compound(s) exhibit only...Ch. 10 - Which of the following statements about...Ch. 10 - Prob. 133CWP Ch. 10 - Aluminum has an atomic radius of 143 pm and forms...Ch. 10 - Pyrolusite is a mineral containing manganese ions...Ch. 10 - The structure of the compound K2O is best...Ch. 10 - Prob. 137CWP Ch. 10 - Some ice cubes at 0c with a total mass of 403 g...Ch. 10 - The enthalpy of vaporization for acetone is 32.0...Ch. 10 - Prob. 140CWP Ch. 10 - When I mole of benzene is vaporized at a constant...Ch. 10 - You and a friend each synthesize a compound with...Ch. 10 - Prob. 143CP Ch. 10 - Prob. 144CP Ch. 10 - Consider two different organic compounds, each...Ch. 10 - Rationalize the differences in physical properties...Ch. 10 - Prob. 147CP Ch. 10 - Some ionic compounds contain a mixture of...Ch. 10 - Some ionic compounds contain a mixture of...Ch. 10 - Spinel is a mineral that contains 37.9% aluminum,...Ch. 10 - Mn crystallizes in the same type of cubic unit...Ch. 10 - You are asked to help set up a historical display...Ch. 10 - Some water is placed in a sealed glass container...Ch. 10 - The molar enthalpy of vaporization of water at 373...Ch. 10 - Prob. 155CP Ch. 10 - Rubidium chloride has the sodium chloride...Ch. 10 - Prob. 157IP Ch. 10 - A metal burns in air at 600c under high pressure...Ch. 10 - Prob. 159IP Ch. 10 - General Zod has sold Lex Luthor what Zod claims to...

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The density of polonium metal is 9.2 g/cm 3 . If the extended lattice of polonium exhibits a simple cubic unit cell, estimate the atomic radius of polonium.

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Chapter 10 Solutions