Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780321897398
Author: Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, David A. Stahl, Thomas Brock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 4AQ
Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The insertion of transposable elements within a gene can cause mutations. Transposable elements disrupt the continuity of the gene. However, introns also disrupt the continuity of the gene, but the gene can be functional. Why the gene inactivation is caused by only the presence of transposable elements but not introns.

Concept introduction:

Transposable elements are known as stretches of DNA molecules and they can move from one place to another place. Generally, transposable elements are inserted into the other DNA material, for examples, the chromosome, the plasmid, and the viral genome. Transposable elements usually do not contain the origin of replication, therefore, they replicate within the host DNA into which transposable elements are inserted. When the host DNA replicates, the transposable elements also replicate along with them. The process of the movement of the transposable elements is known as transposition. Insertion sequences (IS) and transposons are two important types of transposable elements.

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A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation?   The cell membranes are more resistant than normal.   An isotonic solution had been added instead of water.   A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water.   Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet.   The man had sickle-cell anaemia.
A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation?   The cell membranes are more resistant than normal.   An isotonic solution had been added instead of water.   A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water.   Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet.   The man had sickle-cell anaemia.
With reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobin

Chapter 10 Solutions

Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)

Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 10.5 - Prob. 3MQCh. 10.6 - During transformation a cell usually incorporates...Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 2MQCh. 10.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 10.7 - What is the major difference between generalized...Ch. 10.7 - Why is phage conversion considered beneficial to...Ch. 10.8 - In conjugation, how are donor and recipient cells...Ch. 10.8 - Explain how rolling circle DNA replication allows...Ch. 10.8 - Prob. 3MQCh. 10.9 - In conjugation involving the F plasmid of...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 10.9 - Prob. 3MQCh. 10.10 - Why is it usually more difficult to select...Ch. 10.10 - Why do penicillins not kill species of Archaea?Ch. 10.11 - Prob. 1MQCh. 10.11 - What is the significance of the terminal inverted...Ch. 10.11 - How can transposons be used in bacterial genetics?Ch. 10.12 - Why is the CRISPR system considered a prokaryotic...Ch. 10.12 - Prob. 2MQCh. 10 - Write a one-sentence definition of the term...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2RQCh. 10 - Prob. 3RQCh. 10 - Prob. 4RQCh. 10 - Prob. 5RQCh. 10 - What are heteroduplex regions of DNA and what...Ch. 10 - QExplain why recipient cells do not successfully...Ch. 10 - QExplain how a generalized transducing particle...Ch. 10 - QWhat is a sex pilus and which cell type, F or F+,...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10RQCh. 10 - Prob. 11RQCh. 10 - Prob. 12RQCh. 10 - QExplain why incoming DNA recognized by a short...Ch. 10 - A constitutive mutant is a strain that...Ch. 10 - Although a large number of mutagenic chemicals are...Ch. 10 - Why is it difficult in a single experiment to...Ch. 10 - Prob. 4AQ
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