BIOLOGY 2E
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781506699851
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: XANEDU PUBLISHING
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 2VCQ
Figure 10.13 Rb and other proteins that negatively regulate the cell cycle are sometimes called tumor suppressors. Why do you think the name tumor suppressor might be appropriate for these proteins?
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Chapter 10 Solutions
BIOLOGY 2E
Ch. 10 - Figure 10.6 Which of the following is the correct...Ch. 10 - Figure 10.13 Rb and other proteins that negatively...Ch. 10 - Figure 10.14 Human papillomavirus can cause...Ch. 10 - A diploid cell has ________ the number of...Ch. 10 - An organism s traits are determined by the...Ch. 10 - The first level of DNA organization in a...Ch. 10 - Identical copies of chromatin held together by...Ch. 10 - S. Chromosomes are duplicated during what stage of...Ch. 10 - Which of the following events does not occur...Ch. 10 - The mitotic spindles arise from which cell...
Ch. 10 - Attachment of the mitotic spindle fibers to the...Ch. 10 - Unpacking of chromosomes and the formation of a...Ch. 10 - Separation of the sister chromatids is a...Ch. 10 - The chromosomes become visible under a light...Ch. 10 - The fusing of Golgi vesicles at the metaplhase...Ch. 10 - At which of the cell-cycle checkpoints do external...Ch. 10 - What is the main prerequisite for clearance at the...Ch. 10 - If the M checkpoint is not cleared, what stage of...Ch. 10 - Which protein is a positive regulator that...Ch. 10 - Many of the negative regulator proteins of the...Ch. 10 - Which negative regulatory molecule can trigger...Ch. 10 - are changes to the order of nucleotides in a...Ch. 10 - A gene that codes for a positive cell-cycle...Ch. 10 - A mutated gene that codes for an altered version...Ch. 10 - Which molecule is a Cdk inhibitor that is...Ch. 10 - Which eukaryotic cell-cycle event is missing in...Ch. 10 - FtsZ proteins direct the formation of a...Ch. 10 - Compare and contrast a human somatic cell to a...Ch. 10 - What is the relationship between a genome,...Ch. 10 - Eukaryotic chromosomes are thousands of times...Ch. 10 - Briefly describe the events that occur in each...Ch. 10 - Chemotherapy drugs such as vincristine (derived...Ch. 10 - Describe the similarities and differences between...Ch. 10 - List some reasons why a cell that has just...Ch. 10 - What cell-cycle events will be affected in a cell...Ch. 10 - Describe the general conditions that must be met...Ch. 10 - Compare and contrast the roles of the positive...Ch. 10 - What steps are necessary for Cdk to become fully...Ch. 10 - Rb is a negative regulator that blocks the cell...Ch. 10 - Outline the steps that lead to a cell becoming...Ch. 10 - Explain the difference between a proto-oncogene...Ch. 10 - List the regulatory mechanisms that might be lost...Ch. 10 - ______ can trigger apoptosis if certain cell-cycle...Ch. 10 - Name the common components of eukaryotic cell...Ch. 10 - Describe how the duplicated bacterial chromosomes...
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- What is the difference between a proto-oncogene and a tumor-suppressor gene?arrow_forwardAnother model, the random model, proposes that any cell in a malignant tumor has the potential to form a new tumor. Does the cancer stem cell hypothesis contradict this idea?arrow_forwardWhich of the following mutations will result in cancer? a. homozygous recessive mutation in a tumor-suppressor gene coding for a nonfunctional protein b. dominant mutation in a tumor-suppressor gene in which the normal protein product is overexpressed c. homozygous recessive mutation in which there is a deletion in the coding region of a proto-oncogene, leaving it nonfunctional d. dominant mutation in a proto-oncogene in which the normal protein product is overexpressedarrow_forward
- Explain the difference between a proto-oncogene and a tumor suppressor gene.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference in an oncogene and tumor suppressor gene and how can each potentially lead to cancer?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between a proto-oncogene and a tumor suppressor gene? How can mutations in these genes lead to cancer?arrow_forward
- Cancer is caused by many different types of gene mutations. Some mutations are in proto-oncogenes, which lead to overexpression of the genes, and other mutations are in tumor suppressor genes, which lead to under expression or no expression in these genes. Which kinds of gene mutations would RNA interference (RNAi) be better at treating? Explain.arrow_forwardCan we cure cancer by restoring the function of tumor suppressor proteins such as mutant p53 or pRb? If so, how is this possible?arrow_forwardPut a checkmark next to any of the following scenarios that would make it MORE likely that a cell would divide when it is not supposed to, increasing the chance that it would become cancerous. CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY. A) A tumor suppressor gene is over-expressed B) A cyclin gene is mutated so that it is expressed at all times during the cell cycle C) A cyclin-dependent kinase gene is mutated so that in the Cdk is no longer dependent on its cyclin D) A Cdk gene is mutated so that the Cdk protein is not made E) Mutation of an oncogene that causes it to no longer be expressed F) A proto-oncogene gene is expressed at higher than normal levels G) The p53 gene is mutated so that no p53 protein is madearrow_forward
- "In the cellular regulatory pathways that control cell growth and proliferation, the products of oncogenes are stimulatory components and the products of tumor suppressor genes are inhibitory components" is true or false.arrow_forwardThe protein p53 is activated when the cell's DNA is damaged. p53 helps to arrest the cell cycle in G1, allowing time for the cell to repair its DNA before replicating. p53 does this job by stimulating the synthesis of a protein that inhibits the cyclin-dependent kinase. Mutations that inactivate p53 contribute to 50% of human cancers. Would you classify p53 as a tumor-suppressor gene or a proto-oncogene?arrow_forwardThe Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been linked to an increased risk of cervical cancer. The HPV E6 and E7 proteins govern the cell via altering cellular proteins. The E6 protein interacts with the tumor suppressor protein p53 and directs its ubiquitin-mediated destruction. Can you elaborate about the P63 gene: its function and if it can be altered/mutated by HPV? If it does, what is the relationship between P53 and P63? Thank you!arrow_forward
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