BIOLOGY 2E
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781506699851
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: XANEDU PUBLISHING
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 21RQ
Which negative regulatory molecule can trigger cell suicide (apoptosis) if vital cell cycle events do not occur?
- p53
- p21
- retinoblastoma protein (Rb)
- cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)
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Which of the following would result in cell cycle arrest?
O phosphorylation of Rb by G1-Cdk
phosphorylation of p53
O phosphorylation of helicase by S-Cdk
phosphorylation of M-Cdk by CAK
phosphorylation of APC by M-Cdk
A cell begins to undergo apoptosis due to stress. Which of the following are true about this cell? (select all that apply)
The cell can exit apoptosis if the stressful factor is removed
The cell has high levels of p53.
The cell's DNA will inevitably degrade
The cell may undergo mitosis before completing apoptosis
How does p53 halt cell cycle progression when DNA damage is identified?
p53 enhances expression of cyclins
p53 stimulates the ubiquitination of cyclins
p53 inhibits Wee1
p53 activates Cdc25
p53 enhances expression of the p21 inhibitor
Chapter 10 Solutions
BIOLOGY 2E
Ch. 10 - Figure 10.6 Which of the following is the correct...Ch. 10 - Figure 10.13 Rb and other proteins that negatively...Ch. 10 - Figure 10.14 Human papillomavirus can cause...Ch. 10 - A diploid cell has ________ the number of...Ch. 10 - An organism s traits are determined by the...Ch. 10 - The first level of DNA organization in a...Ch. 10 - Identical copies of chromatin held together by...Ch. 10 - S. Chromosomes are duplicated during what stage of...Ch. 10 - Which of the following events does not occur...Ch. 10 - The mitotic spindles arise from which cell...
Ch. 10 - Attachment of the mitotic spindle fibers to the...Ch. 10 - Unpacking of chromosomes and the formation of a...Ch. 10 - Separation of the sister chromatids is a...Ch. 10 - The chromosomes become visible under a light...Ch. 10 - The fusing of Golgi vesicles at the metaplhase...Ch. 10 - At which of the cell-cycle checkpoints do external...Ch. 10 - What is the main prerequisite for clearance at the...Ch. 10 - If the M checkpoint is not cleared, what stage of...Ch. 10 - Which protein is a positive regulator that...Ch. 10 - Many of the negative regulator proteins of the...Ch. 10 - Which negative regulatory molecule can trigger...Ch. 10 - are changes to the order of nucleotides in a...Ch. 10 - A gene that codes for a positive cell-cycle...Ch. 10 - A mutated gene that codes for an altered version...Ch. 10 - Which molecule is a Cdk inhibitor that is...Ch. 10 - Which eukaryotic cell-cycle event is missing in...Ch. 10 - FtsZ proteins direct the formation of a...Ch. 10 - Compare and contrast a human somatic cell to a...Ch. 10 - What is the relationship between a genome,...Ch. 10 - Eukaryotic chromosomes are thousands of times...Ch. 10 - Briefly describe the events that occur in each...Ch. 10 - Chemotherapy drugs such as vincristine (derived...Ch. 10 - Describe the similarities and differences between...Ch. 10 - List some reasons why a cell that has just...Ch. 10 - What cell-cycle events will be affected in a cell...Ch. 10 - Describe the general conditions that must be met...Ch. 10 - Compare and contrast the roles of the positive...Ch. 10 - What steps are necessary for Cdk to become fully...Ch. 10 - Rb is a negative regulator that blocks the cell...Ch. 10 - Outline the steps that lead to a cell becoming...Ch. 10 - Explain the difference between a proto-oncogene...Ch. 10 - List the regulatory mechanisms that might be lost...Ch. 10 - ______ can trigger apoptosis if certain cell-cycle...Ch. 10 - Name the common components of eukaryotic cell...Ch. 10 - Describe how the duplicated bacterial chromosomes...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What is a checkpoint?arrow_forward(Q) During M-phase of cell cycle, active M-Cdk phosphorylates several target proteins in order to regulate their activities. Identify TWO specific examples of such target proteins that are phosphorylated by active M-Cdk, and explain how each of them affects the cell (i.e. their respective biological significance). i) target protein phosphorylated: _______________________________ Biological Significance: ii) target protein phosphorylated: _______________________________ Biological Significance:arrow_forwardB. Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1. What are the proteins that determine the forward momentum of the cell cycle? 2. What essential nutrient (aside from protein) is needed so that the cycle may grow or develop? 3. What do you infer, in what conditions will the cell may advance the cell cycle? Explain briefly. CDK Activity G₁ G₁ Checkpoint The cyclin-CDK system checks for favorable environmental conditions and damaged DNA. DNA Replication Checkpoint The cyclin-CDK system checks for stalled replication machinery and damaged DNA. Time G₂ G₂ Checkpoint The cyclin-CDK system checks for unreplicated or damaged DNA. Metaphase Checkpoint The cyclin-CDK system checks that all chromo- somes are attached to spindle microtubules.arrow_forward
- In your own words, explain how cancer cells differ from normal cells in regard to the following: Molecular controls of the cell cycle (include Cdk and Cdk/cyclin complexes, p53 gene/protein, Rb gene/protein in response)arrow_forwardThe cell cycle normally stops within the G1 phase of interphase unless the cell receives a go-ahead signal via certain control proteins. If that signal never arrives,the cell will switch into a permanently nondividing state. Select one: True Falsearrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following statements related is likely to be true or false Similar to the Cdks, when activated, the anaphase-promoting complex phosphorylates its targets. The level of M-cyclin is constant throughout the cell cycle.arrow_forward
- Question 10 Review Concept 12.3 Cell Cycle Regulation. Match the term and its description. Each term can only be used once. The control of the sequential events of the cell cycle is [Choose ) termed as Where the cell cycle stops until a go-ahead signal is received [ Choose ] Crowded cells will stop dividing because of this mechanism [ Choose | called The spread of cancer cells to other parts of the body, where [ Choose] they may form additional tumors is called >arrow_forwardAfter DNA damage (e.g. caused by X-ray exposure) in eukaryotic cells, the cell cycle can be arrested by the stabilisation of the protein which drives the transcription of the gene, whose protein product interacts with the G1/S-Cdk and S-Cdk complexes. O PDGF, acetyltransferase O phenylalanine hydraxylase, PDGF O p53, acetyltransferase O p53, p21 O p21. p53arrow_forwardFor question 1: choice 1: is the mutation increasing or decreasing; choice 2: will the cell cycle checkpoint taht will lead to cell cycle arrest activate or inactivate; choice 3:is the mutation increasing or decreasing; choice 4: is the mutation increasing or decreasingarrow_forward
- Which situation would be the most likely result of a mutation in a eukaryotic organism that causes it to produce less p21 protein than normal? Cells with radiation-induced DNA damage would continue through the cell cycle without repairing the damaged DNA. O Cells with incomplete DNA replication would continue through the checkpoint. Cell replication would be slowed due to an increase in active G1/S cyclin-dependent kinase. Cells would not respond to growth factors. O Cells would have a hypersensitive response to growth factors.arrow_forwardCDK levels through the cell cycle while cyclin levels fluctuate; fluctuate fluctuate; stay the same stay the same; fluctuate stay the same; stay the samearrow_forwardWhen are cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) present inside the cell during the cell cycle? __________ When are cyclins present inside the cell during the cell cycle? __________ high right after mitosis and then rising throughout the cell cycle ; equally in all phases of the cell cycle low right after mitosis and then rising throughout the cell cycle ; equally in all phases of the cycle equally in all phases of the cycle ; high right after mitosis and then rising throughout the cell cycle equally in all phases of the cycle ; low right after mitosis and then rising throughout the cell cyclearrow_forward
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