Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781260163698
Author: Cowan
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 10, Problem 16Q
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Antibiotics are the drugs that are developed to treat infections caused by various microbes. They are specific for infections caused by specific microbes. Therefore, non-recommended antibiotics pose a risk of toxicity.
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Which of these antibiotics would do the best job as a broad spectrum antibiotic?
The first step for directly linking a microbe to a specific disease according to Koch's postulates is to
A.isolate microbes from the blood of healthy animals.
B. culture the blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal using nutrient medium.
C. inject a sample of blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal into a healthy animal.
D. obtain a sample of blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal.
Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin, but its full potential as an effective antibiotic was established by other scientists. Name the two scientists.
Chapter 10 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 10.1 - State the main goal of antimicrobial treatment.Ch. 10.1 - Identify the sources for the most commonly used...Ch. 10.1 - Describe two methods for testing antimicrobial...Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 4AYPCh. 10.1 - NCLEX PREP 1. An RN is caring for a 26-year-old...Ch. 10.2 - Explain the concept of selective toxicity.Ch. 10.2 - List the five major targets of antimicrobial...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 10.2 - Distinguish between broad-spectrum and...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 9AYP
Ch. 10.2 - Explain the mode of action of penicillinases and...Ch. 10.2 - Identify two antimicrobials that act by inhibiting...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 10.2 - Identify one example of a fluoroquinolone.Ch. 10.2 - Describe the mode of action of drugs that target...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 10.2 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 10.2 - Explain why antiprotozoal and antihelminthic drugs...Ch. 10.2 - List the three major targets of action of...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 2NPCh. 10.3 - Discuss two main ways that microbes acquire...Ch. 10.3 - List five cellular or structural mechanisms that...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 10.3 - Prob. 3NPCh. 10.3 - Prob. 1MMCh. 10.4 - Distinguish between drug toxicity and allergic...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 23AYPCh. 10.4 - Prob. 4NPCh. 10.4 - Prob. 5NPCh. 10 - Microbial resistance to drugs is acquired through...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2QCh. 10 - Prob. 3QCh. 10 - Prob. 4QCh. 10 - Why does the penicillin group of antibiotics have...Ch. 10 - Prob. 6QCh. 10 - Prob. 7QCh. 10 - Conduct research to find out why drugs blocking...Ch. 10 - Prob. 9QCh. 10 - Prob. 10QCh. 10 - You take a sample from a growth-free portion of...Ch. 10 - Prob. 12QCh. 10 - Treating malarial infections is theoretically...Ch. 10 - Can you think of a situation in which it would be...Ch. 10 - Prob. 15QCh. 10 - Prob. 16QCh. 10 - Prob. 17QCh. 10 - Prob. 18QCh. 10 - An antimicrobial drug with a _______ therapeutic...Ch. 10 - Prob. 20QCh. 10 - Prob. 21QCh. 10 - Prob. 1VC
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- You read in the news that an official from the World Health Organization predicted that if laws prohibiting antibiotics from being sold without a prescription were passed and enforced, then the rate of antibiotic resistance would "grind to a halt." Do you agree? Explain.arrow_forwardCircle the names of Regulatory Agencies in the following list1) FDA 2) AAMI/ANSI3) ANVISA 4) IMDRF5) European Commission 6) IEC7) Health Canada -TPD 8) Therapeutic Goods Administration(TGA)9) ISO 10) ASTMRationale: Why are the non circled ones not regulatory agencies.arrow_forwardWhat is the specific mode of action and the target organisms of each of the three antibiotics used in the exercise (isolation of E. coli bacteriophage)?a. Ampicillin:b. Polymyxin:c. Streptomycin:arrow_forward
- During the anthrax crisis of 2001, public health officials urged citizens not to take the antibiotic ciprofloxacin as a preventative measure. Public health officials were concerned that overuse of ciprofloxacin would lead to resistant varieties of anthrax and other bacterial pathogens. Ciprofloxacin is one of the few readily available antibiotics that can treat anthrax. 1)Do you think that public health officials should more directly regulate the availability of ciprofloxacin to ensure its proper use? 2)Why?arrow_forwardWhat is a relevant biological process that can be used to briefly explain or illustrate the risks associated with antibiotics?arrow_forwardthe following are the steps, listed in random order, for utilizing koch's postulates. what should be the second step out of the four listed? a. a microorganism is found to be present in every case of a disease. b. the same microbe discovered previously is isolated from the purposely infected host c. the pathogen is isolated and grown in pure culture d. the same disease results after isolated organism is inoculated into healthy hostarrow_forward
- Questions 40 and 42.arrow_forwardWhich of the following study types is considered the most reliable evidence for a nutritional or medical research claim? A) an intervention study such as a large-scale clinical trial B) a case study which clearly shows the relationship between a treatment and result C) an epidemiological study which clearly shows the relationship between two factors D) a laboratory study on rats which shows how a treatment affects the resultarrow_forwardAntibiotics are very important in modern medical treatment: a) How is Giardia, a eukaryotic pathogenic parasite, affected by penicillin? Explain your answer. b) Is it beneficial to use sulfonamide and trimethoprim at the same time to treat an infection? Motivate your answer.arrow_forward
- Choose the false statement: Penicillin is a ß lactam which inhibits bacterial growth by inhibiting DNA polymerase. O Resistance to ß lactamase inhibitors arises when bacteria duplicate the ß lactamase gene. O B lactamase inhibitors are prescribed together with antibiotics like penicillin in order to combat resistance to these antibiotics. Question 10 Choose the false statement below: OUsing multiple antimicrobials in combination is an ineffective strategy because they generally are redundant in effect and the chance of drug resistance will be increased. O Because of its complex structure and multiple binding sites, the ribosome is the target for multiple types of antibiotics. O Choice of an antimicrobial agent may be dependent upon the material treated as well as the susceptíbility of the microbe.arrow_forwardNEED ALL THREE QUESTION WITH EXPLANATION (MULTIPLE CHOICE) Question 27 Part D of Medicare covers A) 80% of outpatient services B) hospital services C) prescriptions D) 20% of outpatient service Question 28 In order to contract with a managed care organization A) providers must accept Medicaid B) providers must accept Medicare C) providers must accept TRICARE D) all of the above Question 29 Medicaid is A) a state program B) a federal program C) a city program D) a private programarrow_forwardThe following are the limitations of Koch's postulates EXCEPT: A. some pathogens cannot grow on artificial media and therefore cannot be identified as the causative agent of the disease B. some diseases involve multiple pathogens which produce similar symptoms making it difficult to pinpoint the causative agent C. some diseases are host-specific and re-inoculation may pose ethical concerns D. some microorganisms are present in the body fluids of the infected animal which make them difficult to be culturedarrow_forward
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