Chapter 10, Problem 115RQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The preparation of hydrogen gas by reacting zinc and hydrochloric acid is done in a laboratory. Amount of zinc (in grams) required is to be determined and the minimum volume of solution (in (milliliters) needed to produce the desired amount of H₂ is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The ideal gas equation that shows the relationship between the pressure, volume, temperature and amount of the gas is followed as:

$PV\text{= }n\text{R}T$

Here, $P$ is the pressure of the gas, $V$ is the volume of the gas, $T$ is the temperature of the gas, $\text{R}$ is the universal or ideal gas constant and $n$ is the amount of the gas in terms of moles of the gas.

The conversion of pressure value from $\text{torr}$ into $\text{atm}$ is done by using the respective conversion factor:

$\begin{array}{l}760\text{ torr}=1\text{ atm}\\ \frac{1\text{ atm}}{760\text{ torr}}\end{array}$.

Conversion of the given temperature values from Celsius to Kelvin is done by using the relationship:

$\text{K}=273.15{+}^{\circ }\text{C}$.

Molarity is the concentration of a solution expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. Mathematically, this concept is expressed as:

$M=\frac{n}{V}$.

The conversion of volume unit from liter to milliliter is done with the help of the conversion factor:

$\begin{array}{l}1\text{ L}=1000\text{ mL}\\ \frac{1000\text{ mL}}{1\text{ L}}\end{array}$.