Concept explainers
Videos
Predict the bond angles for the following molecules: (a) BeCl2, (b) BCl3, (c) CCl4, (d) CH3Cl, (e) Hg2Cl2 (arrangement of atoms: ClHgHgCl), (f) SnCl2, (g) H2O2, (h) SnH4.
(a)
Interpretation: The bond angle of the given molecule should be found.
Concept Introduction:
- Bond angle measured that made between two nearby bonds. The angles between two adjacent bonds are known as bond angle.
- Using VSEPR theory and Lewis structure, the exact geometry of a molecule can be obtained.
- In VSEPR, the geometry of the molecule is explained based on minimizing electrostatic repulsion between the molecules’ valence electrons around a central atom
- Lewis structures is also known as Lewis dot structures which represents the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 10.80QP
The bond angle of 
is 
.
Explanation of Solution
To find: The bond angle of the given molecule
Given molecule is
.
Lewis structure of the given molecule is drawn below.
is a triatomic molecule . Here the central atom beryllium atom does not have any lone pair of electrons whereas both terminal chlorine atoms have 3 pairs of electron. It is a 
type molecule. Since there are only two bonds, there is only one bond angle. Since there is no lone pair on the central atom, to minimize the repulsion, they form a linear geometry. So the bond angle between two atoms is .
(b)
Interpretation: The bond angle of the given molecule should be found.
Concept Introduction:
- Bond angle measured that made between two nearby bonds. The angles between two adjacent bonds are known as bond angle.
- Using VSEPR theory and Lewis structure, the exact geometry of a molecule can be obtained.
- In VSEPR, the geometry of the molecule is explained based on minimizing electrostatic repulsion between the molecules’ valence electrons around a central atom
- Lewis structures is also known as Lewis dot structures which represents the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 10.80QP
The bond angle of 
is 
.
Explanation of Solution
To find: The bond angle of the given molecule
Given molecule is
.
Lewis structure of the given molecule is drawn below.
contains four atoms. Here the central atom boron atom does not have any lone pair of electrons whereas the terminal chlorine atoms have 3 pairs of electron. It is a 
type molecule. Since there are only three bonds, there are two bond angle. Since there is no lone pair on the central atom, to minimize the repulsion, they form a trigonal planar geometry. So the bond angle between two atoms is .
(c)
Interpretation: The bond angle of the given molecule should be found.
Concept Introduction:
- Bond angle measured that made between two nearby bonds. The angles between two adjacent bonds are known as bond angle.
- Using VSEPR theory and Lewis structure, the exact geometry of a molecule can be obtained.
- In VSEPR, the geometry of the molecule is explained based on minimizing electrostatic repulsion between the molecules’ valence electrons around a central atom
- Lewis structures is also known as Lewis dot structures which represents the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 10.80QP
The bond angle of 
is 
.
Explanation of Solution
To find: The bond angle of the given molecule
Given molecule is
.
Lewis structure of the given molecule is drawn below.
contains five atoms. Here the central atom carbon atom does not have any lone pair of electrons whereas the terminal chlorine atoms have 3 pairs of electron. It is a 
type molecule. Since there is no lone pair on the central atom, to minimize the repulsion, they form a tetrahedral geometry. So the bond angle between two atoms is .
(d)
Interpretation: The bond angle of the given molecule should be found.
Concept Introduction:
- Bond angle measured that made between two nearby bonds. The angles between two adjacent bonds are known as bond angle.
- Using VSEPR theory and Lewis structure, the exact geometry of a molecule can be obtained.
- In VSEPR, the geometry of the molecule is explained based on minimizing electrostatic repulsion between the molecules’ valence electrons around a central atom
- Lewis structures is also known as Lewis dot structures which represents the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 10.80QP
The bond angle of 
is .
Explanation of Solution
To find: The bond angle of the given molecule
Given molecule is
.
Lewis structure of the given molecule is drawn below.
contains five atoms. Here the central atom carbon atom does not have any lone pair of electrons whereas the terminal chlorine atom has 3 pairs of electron. It is a type molecule. Since there is no lone pair on the central atom, to minimize the repulsion, they form a distorted tetrahedral geometry because of the size difference of terminal chlorine and hydrogen atoms. So the bond angle between two atoms is .
(e)
Interpretation: The bond angle of the given molecule should be found.
Concept Introduction:
- Bond angle measured that made between two nearby bonds. The angles between two adjacent bonds are known as bond angle.
- Using VSEPR theory and Lewis structure, the exact geometry of a molecule can be obtained.
- In VSEPR, the geometry of the molecule is explained based on minimizing electrostatic repulsion between the molecules’ valence electrons around a central atom
- Lewis structures is also known as Lewis dot structures which represents the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 10.80QP
The bond angle of 
is .
Explanation of Solution
To find: The bond angle of the given molecule
Given molecule is
.
Lewis structure of the given molecule is drawn below.
In the case of , both mercury atom does not have any lone pair of electrons whereas the terminal chlorine atoms have 3 pairs of electron. Both the mercury atom is of type molecule. . Since there is no lone pair on the central atom, to minimize the repulsion, they form a linear geometry. So the bond angle between two atoms is .
(f)
Interpretation: The bond angle of the given molecule should be found.
Concept Introduction:
- Bond angle measured that made between two nearby bonds. The angles between two adjacent bonds are known as bond angle.
- Using VSEPR theory and Lewis structure, the exact geometry of a molecule can be obtained.
- In VSEPR, the geometry of the molecule is explained based on minimizing electrostatic repulsion between the molecules’ valence electrons around a central atom
- Lewis structures is also known as Lewis dot structures which represents the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 10.80QP
The bond angle of 
is .
Explanation of Solution
To find: The bond angle of the given molecule
Given molecule is
.
Lewis structure of the given molecule is drawn below.
In the case of , the central atom tin atom have a lone pair of electron whereas the terminal chlorine atoms have 3 pairs of electron and is a with one lone pair of electron type molecule. There are only two bonds so there is only one bond angle. Since there is one lone pair on the central atom, to minimize the repulsion, they form a bent geometry. So the bond angle between two atoms is .
(g)
Interpretation: The bond angle of the given molecule should be found.
Concept Introduction:
- Bond angle measured that made between two nearby bonds. The angles between two adjacent bonds are known as bond angle.
- Using VSEPR theory and Lewis structure, the exact geometry of a molecule can be obtained.
- In VSEPR, the geometry of the molecule is explained based on minimizing electrostatic repulsion between the molecules’ valence electrons around a central atom
- Lewis structures is also known as Lewis dot structures which represents the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 10.80QP
The bond angle of 
is .
Explanation of Solution
To find: The bond angle of the given molecule
Given molecule is
.
Lewis structure of the given molecule is drawn below.
In the case of , both oxygen atom have any two lone pair of electrons and is a with two lone pair of electron type molecule.. Since there is two lone pair on each oxygen atom, to minimize the repulsion, they form a tetrahedral geometry. So the bond angle between two atoms is .
(h)
Interpretation: The bond angle of the given molecule should be found.
Concept Introduction:
- Bond angle measured that made between two nearby bonds. The angles between two adjacent bonds are known as bond angle.
- Using VSEPR theory and Lewis structure, the exact geometry of a molecule can be obtained.
- In VSEPR, the geometry of the molecule is explained based on minimizing electrostatic repulsion between the molecules’ valence electrons around a central atom
- Lewis structures is also known as Lewis dot structures which represents the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 10.80QP
The bond angle of 
is .
Explanation of Solution
To find: The bond angle of the given molecule
Given molecule is
.
Lewis structure of the given molecule is drawn below.
Contains five atoms. Here the central atom tin atom does not have any lone pair of electrons. It is a type molecule. Since there is no lone pair on the central atom, to minimize the repulsion, they form a tetrahedral geometry. So the bond angle between two atoms is .
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 10 Solutions
Chemistry
- B 1 of 2 Additional problems in preparation to Midterm #1: 1.) How can the following compounds be prepared using Diels-Alder reaction: CH3 O CN (a) (b) CN CH3 2.) What is the missing reagent in the shown reaction? H3C + ? H3C H3C CN H3C ''CN (၁) H 3.) Write the products 1,2-addition and 1,4-addition of DBr to 1,3-cyclohexadiene. Remember, D is deuterium, a heavy isotope of hydrogen. It reacts exactly like hydrogen. 4.) In the shown reaction, which will be the kinetic product and which will be the thermodynamic product? H3C CI H3C HCI H3C + 5.) Which of the following molecules is aromatic? (a) (b) (c) H 6.) Which of the following molecules is aromatic? (a) (b) (c) 7.) Write the mechanism for the shown reaction. + Ха AICI 3 CI 8.) Suggest reagents that would convert benzene into the shown compounds. CI NO2 -8-6-6-8-a (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (a) SO3H Brarrow_forwardThe number of 2sp^2 hybridized atoms in is: A. 8; B. 6; C.4; D.2; E.0;arrow_forwardThe highest boiling compound from among the following isA. 2-methylheptane; B. 3-methylheptane; C. 2,2-dimethylhexane;D. octane; E. 2,2,3-trimethylpentanearrow_forward
- Which of the following features are found in the most stable structure ofCH5NO that does not have a CO bond?w. a π bond, x. two NH bonds, y. one OH bond, z. 3 lone pairsA. w, x; B. x, y; C. y, z; D. x, y, z; E. all of them.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following functional groups is not present in thecompound shownA. amine; B. aldehyde, C. ether; D. amide. E. ketonearrow_forwardWhich of the following formulas correspond to at least one compound inwhich resonance is important?w. C2H5N x. C3H5Br; y. C3H4; z. C4H6.A. w, x, y; B. x, y, z; C. w, x, z; D. w, y, z; E. all of themarrow_forward
- Predict the product(s) that are formed after each step for reactions 1-4. In each case, consider formation of any chiral center(s) and draw all expected stereoisomers. 1) OH 1) HBr (SN2) 2) NaOH, heat 3) BH3, THF 4) H2O2, NaOH 2) OH 1) SOCI 2, py 2) NaOEt 3) Br2, H₂O 3) OH 1) H2SO4 conc. 2) HBr, ROOR 3) KOtBu 4) OH 1) TsCl, py 2) NaOEt 3) 03 4) DMSarrow_forwardWhich of the following rings has the least strain in its most stableconformation?A. Cyclobutane; B. Cyclopentane; C. Cyclohexane; D. Cycloheptane;E. Cyclooctanearrow_forwardThe number of different carbon skeletons that have a main chain of 9carbons and an ethyl branch isA 3; B. 4; C. 5; D. 6; E. 7arrow_forward
- Q5: Classify the following pair of molecules as constitutional isomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, the same molecule, or completely different molecules. Br O CI Br OH OH 111 Br .!!!/Br F OH and ...m Br Br OH CI Br OH ་་་་་" ། ་arrow_forwardConsidering only rotation around the 1-2 bond, how many differentstaggered conformations are there of 1,2-dibromo-1,2-dichloropropane?A: 2; B. 3; C. 4; D. 6; E. more than 6.arrow_forwardcan you help me solve thisarrow_forward
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY