Chapter 10, Problem 10.60P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecular shapes of the two forms of ${\text{N}}_2{\text{F}}_2$ are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The following steps are used to determine the molecular shape and electron-group arrangement of the given molecule.

Step 1: Write the Lewis structure of the given formula.

Step 2: Count all electron groups including bonding and non-bonding pairs around the central atom and use it to assign one of the five electron-group arrangement.

Step 3: Write the ideal bond angle related to the electron-group arrangement and the ideal angles can be predicted by using VSEPR.

Step 4: Count the bonding and non-bonding electron groups and draw the molecular shape accordingly.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The direction of molecular polarity in the two forms of ${\text{N}}_2{\text{F}}_2$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The dipole moment arises when there is a separation of charges between two ions or atoms involved in the bond. The dipole moment is a vector quantity and is directed towards the most electronegative atom.

The direction of the dipole moment is represented as follows:

The polar and non-polar molecule can be identified on the basis of the net dipole moment. Polar molecules have non zero value of net dipole moment and the non polar molecules have zero net dipole moment.