Chemistry for Engineering Students
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781337398909
Author: Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 10, Problem 10.54PAE
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Ch. 10 - Prob. 1COCh. 10 - . explain the concept of entropy in your own...Ch. 10 - Prob. 3COCh. 10 - . state the second law of thermodynamics in words...Ch. 10 - Prob. 5COCh. 10 - Prob. 6COCh. 10 - Prob. 7COCh. 10 - Prob. 8COCh. 10 - Prob. 9COCh. 10 - Prob. 10CO
Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.1PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.2PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.3PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.4PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.5PAECh. 10 - Use the web to learn how many pounds of plastics...Ch. 10 - On the basis of your experience, predict which of...Ch. 10 - In the thermodynamic definition of a spontaneous...Ch. 10 - 1f the combustion of butane is spontaneous, how...Ch. 10 - Identify each of the processes listed as...Ch. 10 - Identify each of the processes listed as...Ch. 10 - Athletic trainers use instant ice packs that can...Ch. 10 - Are any of the following exothermic processes not...Ch. 10 - Enthalpy changes often help predict whether or not...Ch. 10 - When a fossil fuel burns, is that fossil fuel the...Ch. 10 - Murphy's law is a whimsical rule that says that...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.17PAECh. 10 - Some games include dice with more than six sides....Ch. 10 - How does probability relate to spontaneity?Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.20PAECh. 10 - For each pair of items, tell which has the higher...Ch. 10 - For each process, tell whether the entropy change...Ch. 10 - Without doing a calculation, predict whether the...Ch. 10 - For the following chemical reactions, predict the...Ch. 10 - What happens to the entropy of the universe during...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.26PAECh. 10 - One statement of the second law of thermodynamics...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.28PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.29PAECh. 10 - Which reaction occurs with the greater increase in...Ch. 10 - Which reaction occurs with the greater increase in...Ch. 10 - Methanol is burned as fuel in some race cars. This...Ch. 10 - Limestone is predominantly CaCO3, which can...Ch. 10 - Suppose that you find out that a system has an...Ch. 10 - Use tabulated thermodynamic data to calculate the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.36PAECh. 10 - Calculate S for the dissolution of magnesium...Ch. 10 - Calculate the standard entropy change for the...Ch. 10 - Through photosynthesis, plants build molecules of...Ch. 10 - Find websites describing two different attempts to...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.41PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.42PAECh. 10 - Under what conditions does G allow us to predict...Ch. 10 - There is another free energy state function, the...Ch. 10 - 10.45 Calculate G at 45°C for reactions for which...Ch. 10 - 10.46 Discuss the effect of temperature change on...Ch. 10 - The reaction CO2(g)+H2(g)CO(g)+H2O(g) is not...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.48PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.49PAECh. 10 - For the reaction NO(g)+NO2(g)N2O3(g) , use...Ch. 10 - 10.51 The combustion of acetylene was used in...Ch. 10 - Natural gas (methane) is being used in...Ch. 10 - Silicon forms a series of compounds analogous to...Ch. 10 - Explain why Gf of O2 (g) is zero.Ch. 10 - Using tabulated thermodynamic data, calculate G...Ch. 10 - Using tabulated thermodynamic data, calculate G...Ch. 10 - Calculate G for the dissolution of both sodium...Ch. 10 - Phosphorus exists in multiple solid phases,...Ch. 10 - 10.59 The normal melting point of benzene, C6H6,...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.60PAECh. 10 - Estimate the temperature range over which each of...Ch. 10 - Recall that incomplete combustion of fossil fuels...Ch. 10 - During polymerization, the system usually becomes...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.64PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.65PAECh. 10 - The recycling of polymers represents only one...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.67PAECh. 10 - When ice melts, its volume decreases. Despite this...Ch. 10 - 10.69 If a sample of air were separated into...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.70PAECh. 10 - An explosion brings down an old building, leaving...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.72PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.73PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.74PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.75PAECh. 10 - Some say that the job of an engineer is to fight...Ch. 10 - A beaker of water at 40C (on the left in the...Ch. 10 - Why is it usually easier to use G to determine the...Ch. 10 - The molecular scale pictures below show snapshots...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.80PAECh. 10 - Diethyl ether is a liquid at normal temperature...Ch. 10 - Calculate the entropy change, S , for the...Ch. 10 - Gallium metal has a melting point of 29.8°C. Use...Ch. 10 - Methane can be produced from CO and H2.The process...Ch. 10 - 10.85 Iodine is not very soluble in water, but it...Ch. 10 - The enthalpy of vaporization for water is 40.65 kJ...Ch. 10 - Determine whether each of the following statements...Ch. 10 - Nickel metal reacts with carbon monoxide to form...Ch. 10 - Polyethylene has a heat capacity of 2,3027 J g-1...Ch. 10 - A key component in many chemical engineering...Ch. 10 - The reaction shown below is involved in the...Ch. 10 - Using only the data given below, determine G for...Ch. 10 - The graph below shows G as a function of...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.94PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.95PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.96PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.97PAECh. 10 - Prob. 10.98PAECh. 10 - Thermodynamics provides a way to interpret...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.100PAECh. 10 - 10.101 Fluorine reacts with liquid water to form...Ch. 10 - 10.102 Ammonia can react with oxygen gas to form...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.103PAECh. 10 - 10.104 (a) When a chemical bond forms, what...
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- From the values for G f given in Appendix 1, calculate G at 25C for each of the reactions in Question 19.arrow_forwardUse the data in Appendix G to calculate the standard entropy change for H2(g) + CuO(s) H2O() + Cu(s)arrow_forwardIs the formation of ozone (O3(g)) from oxygen (O2(g)) spontaneous at room temperature under standard state conditions?arrow_forward
- Using values of fH and S, calculate rG for each of the following reactions at 25 C. (a) 2 Na(s) + 2 H2O() 2 NaOH(aq) + H2(g) (b) 6 C(graphite) + 3 H2(g) C6H6() Which of these reactions is (are) predicted to be product-favored at equilibrium? Are the reactions enthalpy- or entropy-driven?arrow_forwardCalculate G° at 25°C for each of the reactions referred to in Question 30. Assume smallest whole-number coefficients.arrow_forwardFor the reaction TiCl2(s) + Cl2(g) TiCl4(), rG = 272.8 kj/mol-txn. Using this value and other data available in Appendix L, calculate the value of fG for TiCl2(s).arrow_forward
- The combustion of methane can be represented as follows: a. Use the information given above to determine the value of H for the combustion of methane to form CO2(g) and 2H2O(l). b. What is Hf for an element in its standard state? Why is this? Use the figure above to support your answer. c. How does H for the reaction CO2(g) + 2H2O (1) CH4(g) + O2(g) compare to that of the combustion of methane? Why is this?arrow_forwardThe equilibrium constant for a certain reaction increases by a factor of 6.67 when the temperature is increased from 300.0 K to 350.0 K. Calculate the standard change in enthalpy (H) for this reaction (assuming H is temperature-independent).arrow_forwardUsing the relevant S 298 values listed in Appendix G, calculate S 298 for the following changes: (a) N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g) (b) N2(g)+52O2(g)N2O5(g)arrow_forward
- Using data from Appendix 4, calculate G for the reaction NO(g)+O3(g)NO2(g)+O2(g) for these conditions: T=298KPNO=1.00106atm,PO3=2.00106atmPNO2=1.00107atm,PO2=1.00103atmarrow_forwardActually, the carbon in CO2(g) is thermodynamically unstable with respect to the carbon in calcium carbonate(limestone). Verify this by determining the standardGibbs free energy change for the reaction of lime,CaO(s), with CO2(g) to make CaCO3(s).arrow_forwardGiven the following data 2O3(g) 3O2(g)H = 427 kJ O2(g) 2O(g)H = 495 kJ NO(g) + O3(g) NO2(g) + O2(g)H = 199 kJ Calculate H for the reaction NO(g) + O(g) NO2(g)arrow_forward
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