LooseLeaf for Integrated Principles of Zoology
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781259562310
Author: Cleveland P Hickman Jr. Emeritus, Susan L. Keen, Allan Larson, David J Eisenhour Professor PhD, Helen I'Anson Associate Professor of Biology, Larry S Roberts
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 1, Problem 5RQ
Describe how evolution of complex organisms is compalible with the second law of
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1) Which of the following statements is true for the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
a) ΔS (Sfinal-Sinitial) for the system is negative.
b) The living system is not exchanging heat nor matter.
c) Energy is conserved in the universe.
d) The biological system never reach equilibrium.
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Which of the following is/are true concerning the first law of thermodynamics?
A) Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
B) The total amount of energy in the universe is constant.
C) Energy can be converted from one form to another.
D) It is sometimes referred to as the law of conservation of energy.
E) All of the above are true.
Chapter 1 Solutions
LooseLeaf for Integrated Principles of Zoology
Ch. 1 - Why is life difficult to define?Ch. 1 - What are the basic chemical differences that...Ch. 1 - Describe the hierarchical organization of life....Ch. 1 - What is the relationship between heredity and...Ch. 1 - Describe how evolution of complex organisms is...Ch. 1 - What are the essential characteristics of science?...Ch. 1 - Use studies of natural selection in British moth...Ch. 1 - How do we distinguish the terms hypothesis,...Ch. 1 - Contrast hypotheses of proximate causality with...Ch. 1 - What are Darwins five theories of evolution (as...
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- Which of the following defines the first law of thermodynamics? A. Energy cannot be created or destroyed B. The capacity to do work C. The energy stored in the arrangement of objects in a system D. Energy tends to disperse spontaneouslyarrow_forwardDescribe how thermodynamics and metabolic are relatearrow_forwardThe second law of thermodynamics tells us that life evolved in a universe that tends towards disorder. Gases expand to fill the space enclosing them, dissolved molecules spread throughout the solvent containing them, and large molecules fall apart to become smaller ones. Despite this, we know that cells can make large molecules and break them down. Because of the first law of thermodynamics, (energy can't be created or destroyed, but it can be converted between forms) cells can carry out anabolism and catabolism. For example, they can make and breakdown fatty acids. In this question you will consider the strategies cells and enzymes used to perform these processes in the context of biosynthesis and oxidation of fatty acids. Compare and contrast fatty acid biosynthesis and -oxidation.arrow_forward
- _____1. Which form of energy is Not correctly associated with an example? a) kinetic energy : fat molecules b) kinetic energy : movement of muscles c) chemical energy : glucose d) potential energy : water held behind a dam e) potential energy : ATP _____2. Which Best describes the first law of thermodynamics? a) Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change into matter. b) Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another. c) Energy can be created from matter or used to produce matter. d) Some useful energy is lost as heat whenever an energy transfer occurs. e) Energy transfers are always 100% efficient in changing energy from one useful form to another. _____3. Which Best describes the second law of thermodynamics? a) Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change into matter. b) Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another. c) Energy can be created from matter or used to produce matter. d)…arrow_forwardA new type of beans produced by the research sector of a food manufacturer were recently introduced into the market of Namibia. Immediately after hitting the market, the consumers of the food product were affected with allergic reactions and certain metabolic disorders. What scientific term is used to categorize these foods? Explain the term. And, why is the production of these foods desirable, write with examples and explanation.arrow_forwardThe fire tetrahedron model shows the following elements: 1) Fuel, oxygen, carbon dioxide and chain reaction 2) Fuel, oxygen, heat and chain reaction 3) Carbon dioxide, nitrogen, fuel and chain reaction 4) Heat, air, carbon dioxide and chain reactionarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is true concerning thermodynamics of reactions within a cell? a) Spontaneous reactions always consume energy b) Unfavorable reactions can be coupled to nonspontaneous reactions c) Compartmentalization can be used to drive up the concentration of substrates to force a reaction to occur d) All important reactions are spontaneousarrow_forwardSTs anonools noriw ansgged tenW (4 39) Living organisms increase in complexity as they grow, resulting in a decrease in the entropy of an organism. How does this relate to the second law of thermodynamics? A) Living organisms do not obey the second law of thermodynamics, which states that the entropy of an organism increases with each energy transformation. B) The decrease in entropy is associated with growth of an organism. As a consequence of growth, organisms cause a greater increase in entropy in their environment than the decrease inarrow_forwardHow can thermodynamically unfavorable reactions, such as the synthesis of DNA and protein polymers, occur in cells? A. Cells couple thermodynamically unfavorable reactions to reactions that result in a positive change in enthalpy. B. Cells couple thermodynamically unfavorable reactions to reactions that release energy. C. Cells couple thermodynamically unfavorable reactions to reactions that have a positive free energy. D. Cells couple thermodynamically unfavorable reactions to reactions that result in a decrease in entropy.arrow_forward
- Describe the energy flow that makes living systems thermodynamically possible. Explain why would you add amino acid to a food sample so that it would appear to contain more protein? Do the amino acid compounds would already be present in a food sample actually did contain protein?arrow_forwardExplain how organisms avoid reaching equilibrium while maintaining a nonequilibrium steady state.arrow_forwardUse the image below to answer the questions: a) What general process does the picture illustrate? b) Briefly outline three main steps involved in this process c) indicate why an oxygen-free environment is importantarrow_forward
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