Chapter 1, Problem 1P

1-13 Define the following terms:

(a) Matter (b) Chemistry

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The definition of matter should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Any substance which occupied some space and has some mass is known as matter. It could be solid, liquid and gas.

Answer to Problem 1P

The substance which occupied some space and has mass is said to be matter.

Explanation of Solution

The substance which occupied some space and has mass is said to be matter. The classification of matter is given by:

• SOILD:

  All substance that exists with fixed volume and shape and have maximum density or strong molecular attraction among their particles known as solids. For example, copper sulphate, salt and sugar.

• LIQUID:

  Liquids are then another form of matter in which the force of attraction among particles less than solids and did not have fixed volume or shape like solids. For example, water, alcohol and benzene.

• GAS:

  It is a third form of matter in which the force of attraction among molecules negligible and has high pressure and volume like ammonia, oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The definition of chemistry should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Chemistry is a branch of science in which we learn about the chemical and physical properties of matter through different reactions and experimental analysis.

Answer to Problem 1P

The branch of science which deals with the physical and chemical properties of the matter on the basis of different experiments and reactions is said to be Chemistry.

Explanation of Solution

On the basis of wide range of natural and synthetic compound obtained we can divide chemistry into following three parts.

• INORGANIC CHEMISTRY:

  In this branch of chemistry we learn about the reactions and physical properties of elements found mostly in earth crust like metals, non-metals etc.

• ORGANIC CHEMISTRY:

  All natural or carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing compounds reactions are studied under this branch of chemistry like alcohols, carbohydrates and alkaloids etc.

• PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY:

  Experimental analysis of different reactions under different atmospheric conditions are studied under this branch of chemistry like chemical equilibrium, chemical kinetics etc.