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a.
To determine: Whether is it ethical to do placebo surgeries on the human beings that suffer from extremely painful conditions.
Introduction: The placebo surgeries include the use of anesthesia and cutting of knees of human beings. This is done to provide relief from pain.
b.
To determine: The two explanations for the decreased pain.
Introduction: An arthroscopic surgery is carried out to found that whether the placebo treatment is effective in relieving knee pain. The study includes 93% male and 60% white.
c.
To determine: The experimental design of placebo study and also determine whether the outcomes of these types of studies apply to people with knee pain.
Introduction: During the performance of the experiment, one-third of the people receive placebo treatment, and rest two-third receives the normal treatment without the placebo surgery.
d.
To determine: Whether these studies are blind, double-blind, or double-blind crossover design.
Introduction: The result of the experiments showed no specific difference in the function of the knee between the normal and placebo type of treatments.
e.
To determine: The reason due to which there is a need to include placebo operation in the studies.
Introduction: In placebo treatment, anesthesia is given to the patients, and their knees were cut down for relieving pain.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
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- Plekhg5 functions in bottle cell formation, and Shroom3 functions in neural plate closure, yet the phenotype of injecting mRNA of each into the animal pole of a fertilized egg is very similar. What is the phenotype, and why is the phenotype so similar? Is the phenotype going to be that there is a disruption of the formation of the neural tube for both of these because bottle cell formation is necessary for the neural plate to fold in forming the neural tube and Shroom3 is further needed to close the neural plate? So since both Plekhg5 and Shroom3 are used in forming the neural tube, injecting the mRNA will just lead to neural tube deformity?arrow_forwardWhat are some medical issues or health trends that may have a direct link to the idea of keeping fat out of diets?arrow_forwardwhat did charles darwin do in sciencearrow_forward
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