Consider two different flows over geometrically similar airfoil shapes, one airfoil being twice the size of the other. The flow over the smaller airfoil has freestream properties given by
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Fundamentals of Aerodynamics
- A two-dimensional diverging duct is being designed to diffuse the high-speed air exiting a wind tunnel. The x-axis is the centerline of the duct (it is symmetric about the x-axis), and the top and bottom walls are to be curved in such a way that the axial wind speed u decreases approximately linearly from u1 = 300 m/s at section 1 to u2 = 100 m/s at section 2 . Meanwhile, the air density ? is to increase approximately linearly from ?1 = 0.85 kg/m3 at section 1 to ?2 = 1.2 kg/m3 at section 2. The diverging duct is 2.0 m long and is 1.60 m high at section 1 (only the upper half is sketched in Fig. P9–36; the halfheight at section 1 is 0.80 m). (a) Predict the y-component of velocity, ?(x, y), in the duct. (b) Plot the approximate shape of the duct, ignoring friction on the walls. (c) What should be the half-height of the duct at section 2?arrow_forwardIt is second asking. Please let me know correct answer. v is not 11.738m/sarrow_forwardFluidarrow_forward
- An airplane is flying at 350 mi/h at 4000 m standard altitude. As is typical, the air velocity relative to the upper surface of the wing, near its maximum thickness, is 26 percent higher than the plane's velocity. Using Bernoulli's equation, calculate the absolute pressure at this point on the wing. Neglect elevation changes and compressibility. (The properties of air at 4000 m are p = 61633 Pa, p = 0.8191 kg/m³) Paarrow_forwardA small, spherical bead of mass 2.80 g is released from rest at t = 0 from a point under the surface of a viscous liquid. The terminal speed is observed to be v, = 2.34 cm/s. (a) Find the value of the constant b in the equation R = -bv. N-s/m (b) Find the time t at which the bead reaches 0.632VT. (c) Find the value of the resistive force when the bead reaches terminal speed. Narrow_forwardConsider the general form of the Reynolds transport theorem (RTT) given by dBsys / dt = d/dt ∫CV ρb dV +∫CS ρbV-› r·n-› dA where V-›r is the velocity of the fluid relative to the control surface. . Let Bsys be the linear momentum mV-› of a system of fluid particles. We know that for a system, Newton’s second law is ∑F-›= ma-›= m dV-› / dt = d /dt (mV-›)sysUse the RTT and Newton’s second law to derive the linear momentum equation for a control volume.arrow_forward
- Consider the P-35 shown cruising at a standard altitude of 4 km. The pressure sensed by the Pitot tube on its right wing (as seen in the figure) is 6.7 × 104 N/m2. At what velocity is the P-35 flying?arrow_forward1.A) A fluid of density ρ=850 kg/m3 and viscosity µ=0,8 Pa s is completely filling the spacing h= 2 cm between two parallel horizontal plates of length 2,5 m and width 1 m . The upper plate is pulled at a speed of U while lower plate is fixed . In order to generate a laminar steady incompressible flow of fluid in the spacing at a rate of 0,85 kg/s determine total shearing force in the field.ANSWER:10 N 1.B) A fluid of density ρ=850 kg/m3 and viscosity µ=0,8 Pa s is completely filling the spacing h= 2 cm between two parallel horizontal plates of length 2,5 m and width 1 m . The upper plate is pulled at a speed of U while lower plate is fixed . In order to generate a laminar steady incompressible flow of fluid in the spacing at a rate of 0,85 kg/s determine Reynolds Number of flow using the spacing as the characteristic dimension.ANSWER: 2,125 1.C) A fluid of density ρ=850 kg/m3 and viscosity µ=0,8 Pa s is completely filling the spacing h= 2 cm between two parallel horizontal plates of…arrow_forwardCOnsider an airplane flying at a standard altitude of 6km with a velocity of 330m/s. At a point on the wing of the airplane, the velocity is 400m/s. Calculate the pressure at this point. Cp=1008 j/kgK. answer should be in metric. and detailed solution.arrow_forward
- (a) Use the y-momentum equation to show that the pressure gradient across the boundary layer is approximately zero i.e. = 0 . Assume the boundary layer to be a two-dimensional ду steady and incompressible flow. Neglect gravitational forces. State clearly all assumptions made. Use the Bernoulli's equation to prove that the pressure difference is given by (b) P2-P1 = -4pU? for a fluid with constant density p flowing from point 1 to point 2 where pi, U1, A1 are the pressure, velocity and flow cross-section area at point 1 and p2, U2, A2 are the pressure, velocity and flow cross-section area at point 2 respectively. The ratio of the cross-section area A1 = 3.arrow_forwardThe actual car will be running at V= 35 km/h at p-1 atm and T=0°C (the air density and viscosity are 1.292 kg/m3, and 1.338 x 105 m2/s, respectively). A one-fifth scale car model is being tested at the wind tunnel at 198.3 km/h at 1 atm and 20°C. (The air density and viscosity are 1.204 kg/m³, and 1.516 x 10$ m²/s, respectively). The average drag force on the model is 50 N. What is the drag force on the prototype? Note that dimensionless drag is Cp 1/2pV² A O 41.8 N O 50 N O 15.0 N O 44.2 N O 8.4 N O 38.9 Narrow_forwardThe figure below shows the configuration of the center (tail-mounted) jet engine on an airliner. The airliner is cruising at altitude, and the velocities shown are relative to an observer on board. At this condition mfuel 4 kg/s and p₁ = Pamb = 30 kPa. D₁ = 1.0 m V₁ = 250 m/s P₁ = 0.4 kg/m³ P1 = Pamb mtuel Engine F = thrust force of engine on plane D₂ = 0.75 m P2 = 0.44 kg/m³ P2 = 63 kPa (nozzle exit only) Calculate the thrust force that the engine exerts on the airplane. F= i kNarrow_forward
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