Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781285869759
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.86P
1-86 The specific heats of some elements at 25oC are as follows: aluminum = 0.215 cal/g · oC; carbon (graphite) = 0.170 caI/g oC; iron = 0.107 cal/g mercury = 0.033 1 caI/g oC.
(a) Which element would require the smallest amount of heat to raise the temperature of 100 g of the element by 10oC?
(b) If the same amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of aluminum by 25oC were applied to 1 g of mercury, by how many degrees would its temperature be raised?
(c) If a certain amount of heat is used to raise the temperature of 1.6 g of iron by 10oC, the temperature of 1 g of which element would also be raised by 10oC, using the same amount of heat?
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Part II. Given two isomers: 2-methylpentane (A) and 2,2-dimethyl butane (B) answer the following:
(a) match structures of isomers given their mass spectra below (spectra A and spectra B)
(b) Draw the fragments given the following prominent peaks from
each spectrum:
Spectra A m/2 =43 and 1/2-57
spectra B m/2 = 43
(c) why is 1/2=57 peak in spectrum A more intense compared
to the same peak in spectrum B.
Relative abundance
Relative abundance
100
A
50
29
29
0
10
-0
-0
100
B
50
720
30
41
43
57
71
4-0
40
50
60 70
m/z
43
57
8-0
m/z = 86
M
90 100
71
m/z = 86
M
-O
0
10 20 30
40 50
60
70
80
-88
m/z
90
100
Part IV. C6H5 CH2CH2OH is an aromatic compound which was subjected to Electron Ionization - mass
spectrometry (El-MS) analysis. Prominent m/2 values: m/2 = 104 and m/2 = 9) was obtained.
Draw the structures of these fragments.
For each reaction shown below follow the curved arrows to complete each equationby showing the structure of the products. Identify the acid, the base, the conjugated acid andconjugated base. Consutl the pKa table and choose the direciton theequilibrium goes. However show the curved arrows. Please explain if possible.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Ch. 1.3 - Problem 1-1 Multiply: (a) (6.49107)(7.22103) (b)...Ch. 1.4 - Problem 1-2 Convert: (a) 64.0oC to Fahrenheit (b)...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 1.3PCh. 1.5 - Problem 1-4 Convert the speed of sound, 332 m/s to...Ch. 1.5 - Problem 1-5 An intensive care patient is receiving...Ch. 1.7 - Problem 1-6 The density of titanium is 4.54 g/mL....Ch. 1.7 - Problem 1-7 An unknown substance has a mass of...Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 1.8PCh. 1.9 - Problem 1-9 How many calories are required to heat...Ch. 1.9 - Problem 1-10 A 100 g piece of iron at 25oC is...
Ch. 1.9 - Prob. 1.11PCh. 1 - 1-12 The life expectancy of a citizen in the...Ch. 1 - 1-13 Define the following terms: (a) Matter (b)...Ch. 1 - 1-14 In Table 1-4, you find four metals (iron,...Ch. 1 - 1-15 In a newspaper, you read that Dr. X claimed...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.16PCh. 1 - 1-17 Write in exponential notation: (a) 0.351 (b)...Ch. 1 - 1-18 Write out in full: (a) 4.03 × l05 (b) 3.2 ×...Ch. 1 - 1-19 Multiply: (a) (2.16 × 105) (3.08 × 1012) (b)...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.20PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.21PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.22PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.23PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.24PCh. 1 - 1-25 How many significant figures are in the...Ch. 1 - 1-26 How many significant figures are in the...Ch. 1 - 1-27 Round off to two significant figures: (a)...Ch. 1 - 1-28 Multiply these numbers, using the correct...Ch. 1 - 1.29 Divide these numbers, using the correct...Ch. 1 - 1-30 Add these groups of measured numbers using...Ch. 1 - 1-31 In the SI system, the second is the base unit...Ch. 1 - 1-32 How many grams are in the following? (a)1 kg...Ch. 1 - 1-33 Estimate without actually calculating which...Ch. 1 - 1-34 For each of these, tell which figure is...Ch. 1 - 1-35 You are taken for a helicopter ride in Hawaii...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.36PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.37PCh. 1 - 1-38 Make the following conversions (conversion...Ch. 1 - 1.39 Make the following metric conversions: (a)964...Ch. 1 - There are 2 bottles of cough syrup available on...Ch. 1 - 1-41 A humidifier located at a nursing station...Ch. 1 - 1-42 You drive in Canada where the distances are...Ch. 1 - 1-43 The speed limit in some European cities is 80...Ch. 1 - 1-44 Your car gets 25.00 miles on a gallon of gas....Ch. 1 - 145 Children’s Chewable Tylenol contains 80. mg of...Ch. 1 - 1-46 A patient weighs 186 lbs. She must receive an...Ch. 1 - 1-47 The doctor orders administration of a drug at...Ch. 1 - 1-48 The recommended pediatric dosage of Velosef...Ch. 1 - 1-49 A critical care physician prescribes an IV of...Ch. 1 - 1-50 If an IV is mixed so that each 150 mL...Ch. 1 - 1-51 A nurse practitioner orders isotonic sodium...Ch. 1 - 1-52 An order for a patient reads Give 40. mg of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.53PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.54PCh. 1 - 1-55 Does the chemical nature of a substance...Ch. 1 - 1-56 The volume of a rock weighing 1.075 kg is...Ch. 1 - 1-57 The density of manganese is 7.21 g/mL, that...Ch. 1 - 1.58 The density of titanium is 4.54 g/mL. What is...Ch. 1 - 1-59 An injection of 4 mg of Valium has been...Ch. 1 - 1-60 The density of methanol at 20oC is 0.791...Ch. 1 - 1-61 The density of dichloromethane, a liquid...Ch. 1 - 1-62 A sample of 10.00 g of oxygen has a volume of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.63PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.64PCh. 1 - 1-65 While you drive your car, your battery is...Ch. 1 - 1-66 How many calories are required to heat the...Ch. 1 - 1-67 If 168 g of an unknown liquid requires 2750...Ch. 1 - 1-68 The specific heat of steam is 0.48 cal/g oC....Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.69PCh. 1 - 1-70 (Chemical Connections IA) The average lethal...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.71PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.72PCh. 1 - 1-73 (Chemical Connections 1C) Which would make a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.74PCh. 1 - 1-75 A brain weighing 1.0 lb occupies a volume of...Ch. 1 - 1-76 If the density of air is 1.25 10-3 g/cc,...Ch. 1 - 1-77 Classify these as kinetic or potential...Ch. 1 - 1-78 The kinetic energy possessed by an object...Ch. 1 - 1-79 A European car advertises an efficiency of 22...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.80PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.81PCh. 1 - 1-82 When the astronauts walked on the Moon, they...Ch. 1 - 1-83 Which of the following is the largest mass...Ch. 1 - 1-84 Which quantity is bigger in each of the...Ch. 1 - 1-85 In Japan, high-speed “bullet trains” move...Ch. 1 - 1-86 The specific heats of some elements at 25oC...Ch. 1 - 1-87 Water that contains deuterium rather than...Ch. 1 - 1-88 One quart of milk costs 80 cents and one...Ch. 1 - 1-89 Consider butter, density 0.860 g/mL, and...Ch. 1 - 1-90 Which speed is the fastest? (a) 70 mi/h (b)...Ch. 1 - 1-91 In calculating the specific heat of a...Ch. 1 - 1-92 A solar cell generates 500. kJ of energy per...Ch. 1 - 1-93 The specific heat of urea is 1.339 J/g . If...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.94PCh. 1 - 1-95 You receive an order for 60. mg of meperidine...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.96PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.97PCh. 1 - 1-98 The antifreeze-coolant compound used in cars...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.99PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.100PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.101PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.102PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.103PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.104PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.105PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.106PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.107PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.108PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.109PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.110PCh. 1 - 1-111 In the hospital, your doctor orders 100. mg...Ch. 1 - 1-112 A febrile, pediatric patient weighs 42...
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