Chapter 1, Problem 1.1P

For Practice 1.1
Is each change physical or chemical? Which kind of property (chemical or physical) is demonstrated in each case?
a. A copper wire is hammered flat
b. A nickel dissolves in acid to form a blue-green solution.
c. Dry ice sublimes (changes into a gas) without melting.
d. A match ignites when struck on a flint.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The categorization of the given change as chemical or physical change and the property that defines the given change is to be identified

Concept introduction: Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is known as a physical change. It is a reversible change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance, resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change. It is an irreversible change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

Answer to Problem 1.1P

Solution:

The hammering of copper wire is a physical change and it corresponds to a physical property.

Explanation of Solution

Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is called physical change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

When copper wire is hammered flat, only the shape of the wire is changed. Since, there is no change in the chemical composition of the wire, it is a physical change.

Ability of a substance to flatten into a thin sheet by hammering is called malleability.

Malleability is a physical property.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The categorization of the given change as chemical or physical change and the property that defines the given change is to be identified

Concept introduction: Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is known as a physical change. It is a reversible change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance, resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change. It is an irreversible change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

Answer to Problem 1.1P

Solution:

Nickel dissolving in an acid to form a blue-green solution it is a chemical change and it corresponds to a chemical property.

Explanation of Solution

Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is called physical change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

When nickel dissolves in an acid, it forms a new substance that is blue green solution.
Formation of a new substance is a chemical change as it involves the rearrangement of the reactant to form a new substance with new chemical property.

Therefore, the given change is a chemical change.

The given change shows chemical property.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The categorization of the given change as chemical or physical change and the property that defines the given change is to be identified

Concept introduction: Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is known as a physical change. It is a reversible change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance, resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change. It is an irreversible change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

Answer to Problem 1.1P

Solution:

The sublimation of dry ice is a physical change and it corresponds to a physical property.

Explanation of Solution

Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is called physical change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

When a substance sublimes it changes its state. The chemical composition of the substance remains the same.

Therefore, sublimation of dry ice is a physical change.

The given change corresponds to a physical property.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The categorization of the given change as chemical or physical change and the property that defines the given change is to be identified

Concept introduction: Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is known as a physical change. It is a reversible change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance, resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change. It is an irreversible change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

Answer to Problem 1.1P

Solution:

The ignition of a matchstick when struck on a flint is a chemical change and corresponds to a chemical property.

Explanation of Solution

Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is called physical change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

Burning is a chemical change.

The head of a match consists of phosphorus and the flint comprises of potassium chlorate.

When they come in contact, the following reaction takes place,

${\text{3P}}_{\text{4}}+10{\text{KClO}}_{\text{3}}\to {\text{3P}}_{\text{4}}\text{O}+10\text{KCl}$

Therefore, it is a chemical change.

Ignition is a chemical property, therefore the given change corresponds to a chemical property.