(a) Interpretation: The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds). Concept introduction: If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.14P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom, forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

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(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

fcrip = ↓ bandwidth Il temp 32. What impact (increase, decrease, or no change) does each of the following conditions have on the individual components of the van Deemter equation and consequently, band broadening? Increase temperature Longer column Using a gas mobile phase instead of liquid Smaller particle stationary phase Multiple Paths Diffusion Mass Transfer

34. Figure 3 shows Van Deemter plots for a solute molecule using different column inner diameters (i.d.). A) Predict whether decreasing the column inner diameters increase or decrease bandwidth. B) Predict which van Deemter equation coefficient (A, B, or C) has the greatest effect on increasing or decreasing bandwidth as a function of i.d. and justify your answer. Figure 3 Van Deemter plots for hydroquinone using different column inner diameters (i.d. in μm). The data was obtained from liquid chromatography experiments using fused-silica capillary columns packed with 1.0-μm particles. 35 20 H(um) 큰 20 15 90 0+ 1500 100 75 550 01 02 594 05 μ(cm/sec) 30 15 10

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.14P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom, forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.14P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom, forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.14P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom, forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

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Answer 5

Chapter 1, Problem 1.14P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom, forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Answer 6

Chapter 1, Problem 1.14P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Answer 7

Chapter 1, Problem 1.14P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom, forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given compound is to be identified as either an ionic compound (i.e., one containing ionic bonds) or a covalent compound (i.e., one containing only covalent bonds).

Concept introduction:

If elements in a compound have large electronegativity differences, ionic bonding can occur. A more electronegative atom acquires electrons given up by a less electronegative atom, forming oppositely charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions forms the ionic bond. Most ionic compounds consist of a metal (the elements from left side of the periodic table) and a non metal (the elements from right side of the periodic table), whereas most covalent compounds consist of nonmetals only.

Answer 12

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Answer 15

Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.1P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.2P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.3P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.4P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.5P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.6P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.7P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.8P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.9P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that an ionic compound or a covalent compound can be identified if elements in the compound have large electronegativity differences.

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