You infect bacteria with two phages during a cis test. This produces a lysate that contains phage particles. Before you can count outcomes, you need to work out the amount of phage to use in subsequent experiments. You start by making two ten- fold serial dilutions of the lysate and then add 1mL of the final diluted lysate to a plate of permissive strain e.coli. You observe 10 plaques. How many phage per mL were present in the original lysate? O a. 10 phage/mL o b. 3,300 phage/mL O c. 10,000 phage/mL o d. 1,000 phage/mL e. 33 phage/mL

Q: A student completed a plate and liquid lysate followed by a plaque assay. The volume harvested for…

A: PFU is the amount of viral particles capable of forming plaques in a sample. PFU of a viral sample…

Q: The following three questions are related to this patient scenario: A 65-year-old male HIV patient…

A: The intravenous antibiotics are used to treat severe kinds of bacterial infections. A most common…

Q: What were the challenges in manufacturing vaccine? Why was speed necessary? What were the obstacles.

A: A biological preparation intended to produce active acquired immunity against a specific infectious…

Q: You are designing a phage therapy for a cystic fibrosis patient with an multi-antibiotic resistant…

A: The most crucial characteristic for this particular phage therapy scenario is: C. That the infection…

Q: Describe and explain the difference in results if the serial dilution step of the T4 bacteriophage…

A: The T4 bacteriophage is a type of virus that infects bacterial cells. It is a complex virus that has…

Q: Using phages that came from E. coli with the genotype al+ be+, you infect a strain ofE. coli that is…

A: Auxotrophs are the term used for the organism or bacteria that cannot express a gene due to mutation…

Q: Indicate whether each statement applies to the lytic or lysogenic cycle of phage A, or to both. 1.…

A: The cyclic reproduction mechanism, by which virulent bacteriophage produces progeny virus by…

Q: In a plaque assay, a phage has undergone _________ cycle when plaques are observed on the agar lawn…

A: Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that requires a living host cell to grow and multiply.…

Q: Explain why only a virulent virus (like T4 phage), rather than a temperate virus, can be used in our…

A: If a virulent phage infects its host, it will produce more progeny as soon as phage DNA is injected…

Q: Is the isolation plate pigmented? (is their a color for it)? what is colony morphology(single cells…

A: Colony morphology is a method that is used to describe the characteristics of an individual colony…

Q: Describe in detail the kinetics of phage infection followed by host lysis in bacteria. with…

A: Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. The term "bacteriophage" literally means "bacteria…

Q: S. aureus is gram positive. What differences in strains might account for differences in phage…

A: Bacteria are microscopic single-celled organisms that thrive in diverse environmental conditions.…

Q: Phage M13 has often been used for Sel

A: Phage M13 has often been used for Phage display Phage display is a technique where the phage genome…

Q: A phage that reproduces slowly, produces relatively few phage particles, and only undergoes the…

A:

Q: 4). You perform a complementation test using seven mutants of phage T4. All mutants grow on E. coli…

A: Complementation test is performed in genetics to identify the number of genes among a group of…

Q: Many ELISAs that are used to identify the presence of antibody to viruses have a 3rd control (along…

A: ELISA is Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay is a biochemical test to examine the presence of a…

Q: Katelyn had been working for Dr. Johnson for a month, and while she had become quite good at…

A: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that causes infections in…

Q: Complete the following statement about conjugation. Bacterial confirmation is the equivalent of…

A: Bacterial conjugation is the process of transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another…

Q: 10) With the disk test, what specifically are you looking for to know if a bacteria is susceptible…

A: The disk test is done to find which bacteria is susceptible to which antibiotic. This test is also…

Q: The experiment shown above was designed by Row A B. C D. i Hershey & Chase Hershey & Chase Meselson…

A: In the year 1952, two geneticists- Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase, conducted series of experiments…

Q: Explain the mechanisms of the three types of ELISA we discussed in lab: 1) direct, 2) indirect, 3)…

A: ELISA known as enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. This technique is commonly used for the detection…

Q: be 96% sensitive. What does that mean? A western blot was used on the same sample to confirm, and…

A: Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay is a very sensitive test used to detect and also quantify…

Q: If you Infect the Jurkat T lymphocyte cell line with HIV-1 strain IIIB. Lyse the infected cells at…

A: A virus is a microscopic infectious agent that could infect and live only within the living…

Q: You have several different media onto which you inoculated eight strains of yeast (A-H). The media…

A: Minimal medium (unsupplemented) A minimal medium is a growth medium used for growing microbes and…

Q: When performing phage typing, how would one know whether that bacterium is killed by any of the…

A: Phage typing is a method in which interaction between phage and bacteria is analyzed to detect the…

Q: Why is phage conversion considered beneficial to host cells?

A: Phages are viruses that have bacterial cells as their host.

Q: The plaque assay plate below was made from a dilution of 10-7 and 0.1 ml of the dilution was plated…

A: To calculate the virus titer in plaque-forming units per milliliter (PFU/ml), we need to know the…

Q: T4 phage isolated from E. coli strain B infect E. coli strain K,

A: T4 is a capable of undergoing only a lytic cycle  the phage initiates an E.coli infection by…

Q: he cells were incubated for 48 hours after transfection prior to harvesting. The reason for waiting…

A: Transfection : It is the process of artificially introducing nucleic acids into cells ,  to produce…

Q: 2. The table below was obtained by P1 phage transduction followed by media selection of an E. coli…

A: Selected marker: Ala+Unselected markers: 27% Ser+, 2% Gly+In this experiment, the bacteria were…

Q: You are designing a phage therapy for a cystic fibrosis patient with an multi-antibiotic resistant…

A: Option 3 advises utilizing a well-studied phage, such as T4 bacteriophage, that typically targets E.…

Q: (a) Explain what specificity means in the context of a COVID test.   (b) Explain what sensitivity…

A: Virus  The is a submicroscopic organism that causes many serious diseases in plant as well as…

Q: What substance contains the information used to produce the new phage particles DNA or protein?

A: Viruses that assault microscopic organisms were seen by Twort and d'Herelle in 1915 and 1917. They…

Q: five stages of the lytic cycle.

A: Virus:A submicroscopic organism which contains genetic information either in the form of DNA or RNA…

Viral Replication

The virus is acellular and considered non-living outside the host cell. The replication of the virus occurs only inside the living cells. Only a few genes are present in the smallest virus, whereas many genes are present in the largest virus. These genes encode specific viral proteins.